Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dyspepsia may result from over-indulgence in alcohol and food, or from anxiety and emotional problems. It may also indicate a peptic ulcer, oesophagitis or less commonly, gallstones or gastric cancer. Investigation by endoscopy or barium studies is always indicated when an organic lesion is suspected. Reassurance, tranquillizers and antispasmodics help patients with functional dyspepsia. Antacids given hourly between meals are important in the treatment of all symptomatic peptic ulcers. Cimetidine causes rapid symptomatic relief of duodenal ulcer symptoms, and most ulcers will heal with six weeks' therapy. Gastric ulcer can be treated with carbenoxolone, but this drug is avoided in the elderly and in patients with cardiac failure or hypertension. Anticholinergic drugs are of value in duodenal ulcer, especially for night pain, but they should not be used in patients over the age of 50. Special diets are of no value. For the heartburn of oesophagitis, weight reduction and a regime of regular antacid therapy remain the important measures.
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PMID:The treatment of dyspepsia. 92 13

A review of 132 consecutive patients 65 years of age and older who had a myocardial infarction showed that two-thirds of them experienced pain at onset. Pain was the only symptom leading to bedside diagnosis in one-fourth of the patients. Pain at onset combined with sudden or increased dyspnea was present in one-fifth of the patients and pain associated with other symptoms in one-sixth. Dyspnea unaccompanied by pain heralded onset of infarction in one-fifth of the patients, and in almost 7 percent, onset was marked only by other symptoms. Cerebral symptoms dominated onset in one-tenth of the patients. Preexisting coronary heart disease, hypertension, or diabetes was not predictive of painless infarction. To avoid pitfalls and facilitate bedside diagnosis of infarction, physicians should be aware of the different clinical presentations of painless infarction in the aged, which occurred in over one-third of the patients in this cohort. They also should suspect the possibility of myocardial infarction in any patient in whom symptoms are not clear, even when they are mild and unobtrusive. Questioning of the elderly patient, his family, or others around him as early as possible after the onset of an acute attack is likely to elicit a history of pain, which may lead to the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:The initial manifestations of acute myocardinal infarction. 93 23

Spontaneous adrenal haemorrhages are rare but non exceptional. They mainly occur in elderly men (mean age: 61 years). The main risk factors are: anticoagulant therapy (prescribed for myocardial infarction, occlusive vascular ou thromboembolic disease), hypertension and chronic respiratory insufficiency, as in the present case. The clinical picture is one of abdominal of lumbar pain with abdominal distension, circulatory collapse, often delayed and sometimes preceeded by an hypertensive bout, quite often fever with leucocytosis. Hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia, are not constant features. The diagnosis is often not made until laparotomy, and it even can be missed there. In fact, plasma cortisol level or, if unavailable, urinary corticosteroid measurements are the best diagnostic procedures, permitting adequate therapy and giving best chances of survival. They must always be made in a patient with abdominal signs falling into one of the above mentioned etiologic categories.
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PMID:[Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage. Apropos of a case]. 96 41

The Tokelau Island Migrant Study has shown no important differences between those who subsequently left their home islands to migrate to New Zealand and those who remained, in key anthropometric and biochemical variables already reported. This comparison is now extended to various common diseases and conditions, and again no major difference emerges. The Tokelauans are compared with other Polynesians and shown to have less diabetes, hypertension, effort pain, chronic bronchitis and varicose veins than New Zealand Maoris, while resembling some Cook Island groups. Changes in prevalences of some conditions following migration are postulated.
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PMID:The Tokelau Island migrant study: prevalence of various conditions before migration. 108 34

Impact between the brain and the cristae of the base normally results as a consequence of inertia when an obstacle is hit, followed by contusion, or intra-, sub- or extradural haematoma. The skull itself may be briken (usually at the interpilasters or the weak points of the pilasters) or dented. Denting resulted in the depression of a circular fragments or fragments, with compression of the dura mater or brain; this, in turn, may be contused, lacerated or even crushed. Spinal crash fractures usually involve the lumbar region. Neck fractures are rare. The picture may be one of clinical silence (local pain) or marked neurological involvement. Damage to the cord is expressed in the form of shock, complete flaccid para- or tetraplegia, complete loss of sensation below the lesion, loss of deep and superficial reflexes, urinary retention and rectal incontinence. Treatment is rendered complicated by profuse scalp haemorrhages, respiratory insufficiency requiring orotracheal intubation and assisted respiration, convulsions, which should be handled with care, since ordinary anti-epilepsy products may mask the onset of hypertension and haematoma. Swelling should be reduced with cortisones. Diuretics may be too brusque and lead to intracerebral haematoma. In the case of spinal injuries, particular care should be excercised in shifting the patient and conveying him to hospital. Where high neck lesions are suspected, the possibility of damage to the originating segments of the phrenic nerve must be borne in mind.
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PMID:[Aeromedical problems in cranio-vertebral injuries]. 112 65

Restovar, a low dose combined oral contraceptive containing .75 mg lynestrenol and 37.5 mcg ethinyl estradiol was given to 83 women for up to 25 cycles or 1265 total. A cycle contained 22 pills begun on the first day of menstruation or withdrawal bleeding from previous pill cycles. Each woman was questioned regularly on side effects and bleeding, had weight and blood pressure taken, and received gynecologic exams before and after pill treatment. There were no pregnancies. Latency from end of the cycle to bleeding was 2-3 days in 87%; cycles lasted 28 days in 80%; bleeding lasted 3-4 days in 84%; flow was moderate in 72%; and spotting occurred in 4.2% of cylces and breakthrough bleeding in 2.4%; withdrawal bleeding was absent in 4.2% of cycles. The most common side effects were breast pain in 1.9% of cycles and headaches in 1.2%. These complaints as well as nausea, vomiting, leucorrhea, nervousness and depression were reported as less frequent or absent more often than present or aggravated. 6 women quit for drug related reasons. There was no significant weight change or hypertension (means 126/82 and 120/80 before and during Restovar. Thus this low dose pill is remarkably effective and well tolerated.
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PMID:[Clinical study of restovar, an oral contraceptive with a low estrogen content]. 114 76

Intrauterine (PGF) prostaglandin F2alpha (5 mg) was administered for termination of early pregnancy in 14 healthy volunteers. With 11 complete abortions, the efficiency rate of this technique is below conventional methods. In addition, the incidence of infection was high, occurring in 12 out of 14 subjects. Because of persistent bleeding, 6 patients underwent a dilatation and curettage. Other significant side effects included transient hypertension, pain, nausea, and restlessness. In the patients with a complete abortion, the mean plasma progesterone concentration fell 37% after 8 hours post-PGF2alpha instillation and 90% 14 days later. The mean plasma estradiol-17beta fell 26% over the initial 8 hour period and 75% over the next 14 days.
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PMID:Intrauterine instillation of prostaglandin F2ALPHA IN EARLY PREGNANCY. 116 90

A study of coronary heart disease (CHD) among Japanese migrants compared with Japanese living in Japan provided the opportunity to study factors possibly responsible for the high rates of CHD in America as compared with Japan. Comparable methods were employed in examining 11,900 men of Japanese ancestry aged 45--69 living in Japan, Hawaii and California. The age-adjusted prevalence rates for definite CHD as determined by ECG were: Japan 5.3, Hawaii 5.2 and California 10.8/1000. For definite plus possible CHD the rates were 25.4, 34.7 and 44.6. The prevalence of angina pectoris and pain of possible myocardial infarction, determined by questionnaire, showed a similar gradient. Elevated serum cholesterol showed a Japan-Hawaii-California gradient, but the prevalence of hypertension in Japan was intermediate between the prevalence in Hawaii and the higher prevalence in California. The three geographic locations were compared as to prevalence of CHD at comparable levels of blood pressure and cholesterol. At each blood pressure level and at each cholesterol level, the greater prevalence of CHD in California persisted. These facts, plus the near universality of smoking in Japan, suggest that conventional risk factors only partly explain the observed gradient in CHD.
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PMID:Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: prevalence of coronary and hypertensive heart disease and associated risk factors. 120 53

A patient with a suspected segmental aseptic renal infarction is described. Initially, the clinical picture was characterized by pain and macroscopic haematuria. An acute intravenous pyelography showed a normal roentgen anatomy. At a second intravenous pyelography one week later, an incomplete filling of the two cranial calyces was found. A subsequent renal angiography showed an avascular area within the corresponding parenchyma. The distinct demarcation of the avascular zone caused us to suspect that the disease might be ischemic. A second and a third renal angiography 6 weeks and 4 months later, respectively, both showed complete restoration with a normal vascular pattern. The necessity of performing an acute renal angiography in every case of a suspected renal infarction is stressed. The possibility of preventing hypertension by kidney resection in patients with incomplete restoration of the renal parenchyma is evaluated.
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PMID:Segmental cortical renal infarction with spontaneous regression. A clinical and roentgenological study. 121 49

12 patients (8 males and 4 females) operated on for intramedullary hemangioblastomas, using microsurgical techniques are presented. Special consideration is given to the clinical and pathological aspects. The results of surgery are discussed. The family history is positive in 4 cases. Clinical aspect : a) the initial symptoms is usually pain (9 patients) motor deficits were present in 2 cases. Only 1 patient presented visual disturbances at the beginning of the disease. b) the interval of time between the first symptom and the fully developped clinical picture is shorter than 1 year in 4 patients and longer (up to 18 years) in 8 patients. c) the full clinical picture consists of motor deficit, sensory disturbances (especially dorsal columns), cerebellar signs, raised intracranial pressure, sphincter disturbances, retinal angiomas, arterial hypertension and psychoorganic syndrome in decreasing order of frequence. Pathological findings at opsurgery : There are. a) 3 cases of hemangioblastomas at the bulbo-cervical junction b) 5 cases of cerebello-medullary hemangoblastomas. c) 4 cases of medullary hemangioblastomas. 1 patient had renal and pancreatic cysts. 2 patients had pheochromocytomas with arterial hypertension. Operative technique. Microsurgical techniques, bipolar coagulation, and continuous irrigation of the operative field are of primordial importance. The tumor must be approached from the periphery and never from the center. One should coagulate the afferent vessels first and the efferent vessels only at the end. Results of surgery. In 1 case, only a partial removal was possible and the patient did not improve. A complete removal was possible in 11 patients with the following results : -- 4 patients are in excellent condition and have a normal socio-professional life. -- 5 patients improved and are independant. The are able to perform partial time-work. -- 1 patient, with bulbar extension of the tumor improved from the motor point of view, but he presents a permanent. deficit of the IX, X, XI cranial nerves. He has a permanent tracheal canula. -- 1 patient improved following surgery, but he died 12 months later (stress ulcer and cardiac decompensation). The autopsy revealed a recurrence of the cerebellar tumor.
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PMID:[Microsurgical experiments in 12 cases of intramedullary hemangioblastomas]. 124 11


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