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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reviewed 166 cases of renal cell carcinoma. The presenting symptoms varied from vague backache to hypovolemic shock. The most common symptoms were pain, hematuria, a palpable mass and hypertension. Most cases involved were clear cell carcinoma (83 per cent) and survival was no better than in cases of granular cell carcinoma. The tumors metastasized to almost every organ of the body. Bilateral simultaneous primary renal cell carcinoma is described in 1 patient, who has survived for more than 5 years. The over-all 5-year survival rates of simple and radical nephrectomy were 32 and 66.6 per cent, respectively. Radiation therapy does not improve survival irrespective of stage. The 5-year survival rate with renal vein involvement was 32 per cent. Nephrectomy in patients with distant metastasis did not alter survival. Among the patients with metastasis 74 per cent were dead before 1 year and 96 per cent before 3 years.
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PMID:Renal cell carcinoma: natural history and results of treatment. 66 Jul 55

Vertical and medial nephroptosis was assessed on 60 consecutive excretory urographic examinations. Ptosis, both vertical and medial, was seen more commonly in females, and vertical ptosis was more frequent than medial ptosis. In our series there was no significant evidence of predominance on the right side. Dietl crisis, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, oliguria, or orthostatic hypertension were not encountered. Nephroptosis was mostly asymptomatic. In those patients with symptoms, lumbar pain was common and could be either aggravated or relieved by change in position. A new sign, paradoxic displacement, is described. This could be of value to the surgeon and radiotherapist in evaluating enlargement of a huge abdominal mass - a difficulat task to assess clinically.
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PMID:Roentgenographic evaluation of nephroptosis. 67 40

Thirty-three patients with acute pyelonephritis were studied with regard to the changes in plasma renin activity (PRA) along the clinical course of the disease. 1) Abnormally high PRA was found in 64% of patients in the active stage of acute pyelonephritis; they showed a decrease in urinary output of sodium, a reduction in creatinine clearance, and high indices of inflammatory activity. 2) The changes of PRA in the course of acute pyelonephritis were negatively correlated to the urinary sodium excretion and creatinine clearance, but positively to the activity of inflammation, serum sodium concentration and the number of E. coli in the urine. PRA returned to normal with the improvement of pyelonephritis. 3) Concerning the mechanism of hyperreninemia in the active stage of the disease, the following three factors may be considered; renal ischemia, negative sodium balance in the body, and inflammation. Of these, the negative sodium balance seems to be the most important. The patients could not take enough foods to maintain their energy and sodium balance because of fever and pain. 4) The significance of resting PRA in acute pyelonephritis might be to reflect the sodium status in the body, but not to be related to hypertension.
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PMID:Elevated plasma renin activity in patients with acute pyelonephritis. 69 21

Accumulated experience with triple contrast percutaneous nephrocystography (water-soluble contrast, iophendylate [Pantopaque], and air) in 42 patients with avascular lesions is presented. Diagnostic studies were accomplished in 40 with surgical correlation in 11. Of the 35 patients with intracystic iophendylate, progressive cyst shrinkage was observed in the 29 with adequate x-ray follow up. The reduction in cyst size was attributed to a marked reactive inflammatory proliferative response with fibrosis of the cyst wall which was found in 6 patients after introduction of iophendylate when compared with a control group of 13 others with surgically proved cysts. Intracystic iophendylate may be especially therapeutic in the nonsurgical management of renal cysts associated with pain, calyceal obstruction, and hypertension. The cyst aspirate was analyzed for appearance, culture, cytology, fat content, and multichannel chemistries (SMA). The index accuracy of these combined tests is high although instances of false positives and negatives for tumor are stressed. The nonsurgical diagnosis of renal cystic lesions is incomplete without percutaneous cyst puncture, contrast study, and analysis of cyst aspirate.
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PMID:Triple contrast percutaneous nephrocystography and analysis of cyst aspirate. 70 32

Hypertension of recent onset in a 29-year-old woman was associated with low pain radiating to the right groin. Angiography showed the presence of a large aneurysm of the right renal artery. Resection of the aneurysm and nephrectomy cured the hypertension.
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PMID:Low back pain as the presenting symptom of renal artery aneurysm. A case report. 73 91

Intra-arterial injections of bradykinin into the hindlimb of the rabbit cause two types of cardiovascular reflex effects displayed in succession. The first-type effects appear early and are of inhibitory nature, being represented by systemic hypotension, contralateral hindlimb vasodilation and bradycardia; the second-type effects appear later and are excitatory in nature, consisting of hypertension, hindlimb vasoconstriction and tachycardia and occur closely associated with behavioral manifestations typical of the reaction to pain. Both the depressor and pressor effects are accompanied by hyperventilation. Analogous biphasic reflex responses may be caused by intraarterial injections of potassium ions. On the contrary, hypertonic solutions (NaCl, glucose) usually only produce second-type excitatory responses. No significant cardiocirculatory reflex effects are induced by even high doses of serotonin, nicotine, adenosine, adenosine triphosphate, adrenalin, noradrenalin, angiotensin, vasopressin and oxytocin. General anesthesia greatly inhibits the pressor reflexes and potentiates the depressor responses (to bradykinin and K ions) but does not appear to be a necessary condition for provoking depressor reflexes by chemical stimulation of somatic afferents. Both chemoreflex responses are prevented by sectioning the somatic nerves of the injected limb. Denervation of sinoaortic areas and of cardiopulmonary receptors by bilateral cervical vagotomy or complete removal of the skin from the injected limb does not prevent either type of chemoreflex response. These depressor and pressor chemoreflexes have been ascribed to activation of two functionally distinct types of sensory receptors in the skeletal muscle, differently sensitive to chemical substances and selectively concerned with different patterns of cardiocirculatory reflex response.
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PMID:Cardiovascular and respiratory chemoreflexes from the hindlimb sensory receptors evoked by intra-arterial injection of bradykinin and other chemical agents in the rabbit. 76 67

A prospective, controlled, double-blind study was designed to evaluate the effect of steroid treatment on the natural history of Bell's palsy. Fifty-one patients were included in the study between 1972 and 1974. The patients were evaluated and started on treatment within two days of onset of Bell's palsy and followed for six months. Treatment was given in randomized double-blind fashion and consisted of either vitamins or a total of 410 mg of prednisone plus vitamins in descending doses over 10 days. The recovery of facial motor function was determined by three physicians who had no knowledge of the treatment received by the patients. They examined photographs of the patients taken six months after onset of paralysis in eight positions of facial function and categorized them as to complete fair, or poor recovery of facial function. These results of this evaluation were submitted to the biostatistician who broke the treatment code. The results of this study demonstrate no statistically significant beneficial effect of steroid therapy upon recovery from Bell's palsy. Factors considered included the patients' age, sex, the presence of pain, ageusia, hyperacusis, diabetes, hypertension, the progression and degree of palsy, the results of nerve excitability and salivary flow tests, and the time at which recovery was first noted or became complete. Bell's palsy remains without a proven efficacious treatment.
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PMID:The use of steroids in Bell's palsy: a prospective controlled study. 78 39

Renal artery dissections encountered in 15 patients, aged 3 to 75 years, were categorized as to pathogenesis (blunt abdominal trauma, catheter injury, and spontaneous). Blunt traumatic dissections (seven patients) were characterized by hypertension, gross hematuria, and pain. Catheter-induced dissections (four patients) were asymptomatic, although two exhibited accelerated hypertension. Spontaneous dissections (four patients) were all associated with preexistent arterial disease. Symptoms in these patients were uncommon, despite accelerated hypertension in three cases. Intravenous pyelography lacked specific diagnostic value for renal artery dissections. Early arteriographic examination proved essential in diagnosis and surgical treatment. Criteria for operative intervention included existence of technically correctable dissections causing (1) hemodynamically significant occlusions of the main or major segmental renal arteries, (2) documented renovascular hypertension, or (3) significant deterioration of renal function.
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PMID:Renal artery dissections. 84 48

From January 1, 1974, to January 1, 1976, 15 premenopausal women aged 35-48 years were treated for complaints of intermittent claudication. The pain generally occurred in the calves, and none felt pain at rest. All the patients used an oral contraceptive composed of a progestative and an estrogenic component, with average duration of use of 7 years. All the women were of small stature with normal weight. A systolic souffle could be heard above the bifurcation of the aorta. In all patients an angiographic examination revealed local obstruction in the distal aorta, a gracile vascular system, and the absence of defects of the arteries outside the distal part of the aorta. No defects were found in other vessels, and there were no indications that hypertension, excessive smoking, hypercholesterolemia, or hyperlipidemia played a role in the cases. Local end-artereictomy of the distal aorta via a median laparotomy was the treatment. The part of the aorta wall that was removed showed signs of arterioschlerosis obliterans. There were no complaints of symptoms during the follow-up which ranged from 3 months to 2 years. A correlation is suggested between the defects of the distal aorta and prolonged use of oral contraceptives.
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PMID:Intermittent claudication in premenopausal women. A correlation with the long-term use of oral contraceptives? 86 65

Eight patients with osteoarthritis of the hip, rest pain and intraosseous hypertension of the proximal femur obtained ameliorated rest pain and reduced intraosseous hypertension 3 months after a fenestration operation in the region of the greater trochanter. They were investigated with intraosseous phlebography of the proximal femur. Six patients showed delayed intraosseous drainage and 7 had altered patterns of drainage before the operation. Three months after the operation the phlebograms showed an even more prolonged drainage time. However, this difference was not of a statistically significant magnitude. Drainage patterns remained mainly unchanged.
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PMID:The effect of fenestration on intraosseous drainage in osteoarthritis of the hip. 86 91


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