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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An experience with the surgical treatment of 87 patients with different forms of stable arterial hypertension--vasorenal, nephrogenic, endocrinous-adrenal--has shown that every 5th patient has associated lesions. For the period from 1982 till 1983 the authors diagnosed hyperplasia of the adrenal in 5 of 22 patients having a stable arterial hypertension. When detecting pathological changes of adrenals in arterial hypertension against the background of nephroptosis it is expedient to perform an appropriate intervention on adrenals in addition to correction of the vasorenal component.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and surgical tactics in stable arterial hypertension complicating nephroptosis]. 372 97

The influence of postural changes on renal function was determined in 13 patients with nephroptosis and in 5 normal subjects by measuring GFR in the erect and supine positions. The results indicate that GFR was reduced in the erect position in 10 of 13 patients with either unilateral or bilateral nephroptosis whereas GFR was increased in the erect position in 4 of 5 patients without renal disease. One patient with bilateral nephroptosis and renovascular hypertension was studied before and after surgical correction of his disease. These observations indicate that patients with nephroptosis may have significant reductions in renal function when they assume an upright position, and suggest that GFR measurements in the supine and erect position in patients with nephroptosis can be helpful in evaluating this disease.
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PMID:The influence of postural changes on the glomerular filtration rate in nephroptosis. 445 36

A 53-year-old woman with nephroptosis and aortitis disease was found also to have orthostatic hypertension. When standing, she had high renin levels and normal catecholamine values, with a reduced baroreflex sensitivity. This orthostatic hypertension largely may be due to an activation of the renin system caused by nephroptosis and partly due to a reduced baroreflex sensitivity caused by aortitis. Captopril and propranolol hydrochloride were effective for the treatment of hypertension.
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PMID:Orthostatic hypertension with nephroptosis and aortitis disease. 636 95

In a survey the present possibilities are outlined to get knowledge about diseases of inner organs with the help of enzyme determinations in the urine. Here it is remarkable that changes of the enzyme excretion appear not only in renal disease with acute renal failure, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, renal infarction and nephroptosis but are also to be observed in primarily extrarenal diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, thesaurismoses, myocardial infarction, hypertension, acute pancreatitis, epidemic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice and rheumatoid arthritis. The causes of the changes of enzyme excretions are various. Since enzymes of different origin and localisation behave themselves variably, the simultaneous determination of a brush border marker (e.g. alanine aminopeptidase), a lysosomal enzyme (e.g. beta-glucuronidase or N-acetyl glucosaminidase) and a low molecular enzyme (e.g. lysozyme) is of use for the recognition of renal alterations. By the control of activities of urinary enzymes it is possible to get without risk informations about pathobiochemical processes in the kidney which are not to be gained by means of other methods.
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PMID:[Urinary enzyme excretion in diseases of the internal organs]. 636 87

Hippurate function scintiscans were obtained in prone and standing positions in a group of 76 patients with concurrent hypertension and nephroptosis. TWelve of these patients had massive, bilateral disturbance of intrarenal hippurate transport in the standing position; hippurate transport was normal in the prone position. This pattern was present in only three of 120 normotensive patients with nephroptosis. To investigate the importance of nephroptosis, 87 other hypertensive patients were examined. Eighteen of these patients demonstrated posture-dependent tubular dysfunction, but only four had nephroptosis. The results suggest a direct relationship between bilateral posture-dependent tubular dysfunction and hypertension.
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PMID:Hypertension associated with massive, bilateral, posture-dependent renal dysfunction. 724 30

Four females were admitted with hypertension. Other causes of hypertension were excluded on clinical grounds. Digital substraction angiography performed in 3 patients revealed no stenosis of the renal arteries. The 99mTc-Mag3 renogram showed diminished perfusion and excretion on the affected side. Right-sided nephropexy was performed in all 4 cases via lumbotomy after which all 4 patients became normotensive. We conclude that nephroptosis is a considerable cause of renovascular hypertension and deserves particular attention in cases of possible renovascular hypertension when angiography shows no stenosis. We also conclude that renography is the preferred diagnostic method in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension due to nephroptosis.
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PMID:Nephroptosis: a considerable cause of renovascular hypertension. 756 83

A nephropexy technique modified by the author implies dissection of the flap from musculus transversus abdominis and lumbodorsal fascia. The dissection of the fixing flap is made in the muscular-tendinous part of the musculus transversus abdominis with involvement of the lumbodorsal fascia and lumbocostal ligament. The flap is fixed to anterior surface of the kidney supracapsularly. The technique is adjusted for the following indications: vertically movable kidney with lateral dislocation of the upper pole and medial of the low pole; hypertension; simultaneous pelvic intervention; movable dystopic kidney with backward position of the renal sinus. The surgery was performed in 35 nephroptosis patients. Long-term results proved satisfactory.
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PMID:[Nephropexy using a transverse musculofascial flap and the indications for it]. 794 Nov 70

Clinical and specific examination of 525 patients with special emphasis on ultrasonic, radionuclide and angiographic procedures, a captopril pharmaco-radiological test, radioimmunoassay of renin in the renal vein and vena cava inferior provided the diagnosis of vasorenal hypertension (VRH) in 65 of them (30 males, 35 females at the age of 18-60). Among etiological factors atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, nephroptosis, renal artery aneurysm, aortic arteritis were involved in 40%, 24.6%, 16.9%, 12.3%, 6.2% of the cases, respectively. Chronic renal failure developed in 17% of VRH patients with the disease duration more than 3 years. Also, aspects of evaluation of cardiovascular function with invasive and noninvasive techniques in pre-, intra- and postoperative periods, indications to VRH, basic operative procedures are reviewed. According to WHO criteria, a complete response was obtained in 21 (35.6%), a partial response in 34 (57.6%) patients, no response was registered in 1 (1.7%) case.
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PMID:[The diagnosis of vasorenal arterial hypertension]. 801 5

Autoregulatory mechanisms ensure relatively small fluctuations of blood pressure with postural changes in healthy people. Although orthostatic hypotension is well recognized and commonly encountered, there are only a few reports of orthostatic hypertension. Most of the reported cases of orthostatic hypertension were related to excessive venous pooling, with an initial drop in cardiac output followed by overcompensation with an excessive release of catecholamines, or to nephroptosis with orthostatic activation of the renin-angiotensin system. We describe a 44-year-old woman with normal supine blood pressure and severe orthostatic hypertension who did not demonstrate an initial decrease in cardiac output and had normal plasma and urinary catecholamines and renin release. Pharmacological tests of autonomic nervous system function showed an increased pressor sensitivity to norepinephrine (11 to 14 times normal), normal sensitivity to isoproterenol, diminished baroreceptor reflex sensitivity, and exquisite sensitivity to alpha-adrenergic blockers. This unusual case of orthostatic hypertension appears to be secondary to vascular adrenergic hypersensitivity.
Hypertension 1996 Jul
PMID:Orthostatic hypertension due to vascular adrenergic hypersensitivity. 905 4

A 40-year-old man was examined because he was a potential "healthy" renal donor. However, the routine work-up before surgery revealed hypertension, although there was no family history of this condition. The patient was examined to exclude secondary causes of hypertension. Tc-99m glucoheptonate renal imaging showed nephroptosis of the right kidney when the patient was standing, and this may have been the cause of the hypertension.
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PMID:Nephroptosis: the Tc-99m glucoheptonate scan as a diagnostic method. 1083


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