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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The high prevalence of obesity in Europe is similar to that in other industrialized areas. Obesity and its related diseases, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hyperuricemia, have become a major problem, particularly in terms of cost. Prospective studies in Scandinavia strongly suggest obesity and its related diseases lower life expectancy. Divergent results from the Seven Countries Study are critically discussed.
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PMID:Obesity in Europe. 406 21

In a retrospective study in 3100 patients of different ages the relationship between blood group and cardiac infarction was investigated in 450 patients. The patients were divided in two age groups: those who were 65 yr old and older and younger patients (age less than 65 yr). The predominance of blood group A in patients with cardiac infarction was highly significant in both age groups (P less than 0.005, two-tailed Chi-square test). Step-wise excluding all patients with at least one of the risk factors, hypertension, hyperuricemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hyperlipemia similar results were found: the predominance of blood group A in the elderly patients with cardiac infarction was even higher than before excluding the risk factors (P less than 0.001). The predominance of blood group A was also demonstrated at a lower level in younger patients with cardiac infarction (P less than 0.05). Our investigation strongly suggests the existence of a genetic factor associated with blood group A and independent of the other risk factors which is also responsible for a greater incidence of cardiac infarction.
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PMID:ABO blood group system, age, sex, risk factors and cardiac infarction. 407 23

The beneficial effect of antihypertensive pharmacotherapy in decreasing morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients may be counteracted by metabolic and biochemical disturbances, such as hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipoproteinemia, that occur with the administration of thiazides and related diuretics. Antiatherogenic high-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be unchanged, whereas the potentially atherogenic low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be increased by long-term therapy with thiazide diuretics. Indapamide is a methylindoline antihypertensive diuretic with a considerable peripheral vasodilatory effect. At a low dose of 2.5 mg daily, it did not alter total circulating cholesterol, in contrast to chlorthalidone. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly in 20 hypertensive men after 6 months of therapy with indapamide, resulting in a significant fall of the low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio, an atherogenic risk factor, regardless of preexisting lipid disorders.
Hypertension
PMID:Serum lipoprotein levels during long-term treatment of hypertension with indapamide. 407 36

During the last 30 years several methods have been employed to reduce myocardial infarction and sudden death, rsp. The results with inhibitors of blood coagulation and platelet aggregation are somewhat controversial. Beta-receptor-blockers and sulfinpyrazone on the other hand have proven to be effective at least as far as reduction of sudden death is concerned. A multifactorial intervention program regarding rehabilitation has also been successful although this program may be difficult to use on a broader basis because of organization problems. The following concept may be followed: if there are no contraindications against beta-receptor-blockers and if the patients are younger than 65 years beta-receptor-blockers should be used because there are more studies with a larger number of patients are younger than 65 years beta-receptor-blockers should be used because there are more studies with a larger number of patients available providing their usefulness than for that of sulfinpyrazone. If there are additional indications for beta-receptor-blockers, as for instance hypertension the choice should be even easier. If there are on the other hand contraindications against beta-receptor-blockers or indications for a treatment with sulfinpyrazone such as hyperuricemia, sulfinpyrazone should be used. According to our knowledge such a treatment should be continued for a period of 5 months, a longer treatment seems not to be more promising.
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PMID:[New aspects in the prophylaxis of myocardial reinfarction (author's transl)]. 612 4

The relation of perinatal mortality to plasma-urate concentration and blood pressure was studied in 200 patients with pre-existing hypertension and 200 patients with pre-eclampsia of pregnancy. Perinatal mortality was markedly increased when maternal plasma-urate concentrations were raised, generally in association with severe pre-eclampsia of early onset or superimposed on pre-existing hypertension. Maternal hypertension, even severe, without hyperuricemia was associated with good prognosis for the fetus. When there was hyperuricemia, the prognosis for the fetus was poor irrespective of the level of blood pressure. Pre-eclampsia of pregnancy was associated with high perinatal mortality rate when compared with the rate in pre-existing hypertension. This study suggests that serum urate is a reliable index of fetal welfare when pregnancy is complicated by pre-eclampsia and pre-existing hypertension.
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PMID:Serum uric acid levels as an index of fetal prognosis in pregnancies complicated by pre-existing hypertension and pre-eclampsia of pregnancy. 612 72

A review is made to sum up the indications when diuretics may be the drug of choice in the treatment of hypertension. Advantages from the combined treatment of thiazide diuretics and other antihypertensive agents are also emphasized. Adverse effects from diuretic treatment, i.e. hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, impaired glucose tolerance and risks associated with unfavourable serum lipoprotein patterns are discussed. It is concluded that from a hemodynamic point of view thiazide diuretics can be a good therapeutic alternative for most patients, excepting those with hyperkinetic circulation. It is recommended to use lower doses of thiazide diuretics than previously and the monitoring of S-potassium is necessary in all patients.
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PMID:The use of diuretics in modern antihypertensive therapy. 614 73

Hereditary factors were observed in 43% of patients. Hypertension was observed in 45% of cases and was not correlated with the degree of renal insufficiency. Serum creatinine was significantly correlated with calcemia and uricemia. Identical correlations were observed in a population of patients whose renal insufficiency was not related to renal polycystic disease. The study provides evidence that, in polycystic kidneys: 1) Hypertension is not related to the degree of renal failure. 2) Hypocalcemia and hyperuricemia are not specific factors of the disease.
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PMID:[Study of 104 patients with renal polycystic disease (author's transl)]. 625 57

Long-term diuretic therapy often increases serum uric acid. The renal metabolism of uric acid is recalled and the factors which lead to diuretic-induced hyperuricemia are discussed. Fluid and sodium loss appears to be the main cause of increased serum uric acid. The authors' experience with management of severe hypertension is consistent with this theory. The effect of tienilic acid which lowers serum uric acid levels is discussed.
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PMID:[Diuretics and uric acid (author's transl)]. 627 79

To evaluate the optimal discriminators for peripheral atherosclerosis, we studied retrospectively 49 male patients and 39 male controls between 40 and 60 years of age. In addition to hypertension, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hyperuricemia, we determined the most common lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Highly significant differences of median values between patients and controls in decreasing order of magnitude were recorded for apo A-II/apo B, apo A-I/apo B, apo B, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol. A retrospective classification of patients and controls under optimal conditions with one variable (apo A-I/apo B) yielded an error rate of 25%. We found that apolipoproteins were better discriminators for peripheral atherosclerosis than than were lipids or lipoprotein lipids. The application of a linear regression discriminant analysis including 29 variables greatly decreased the rate of error and increased the sensitivity and specificity of the classification. From 229 possible models, we used an economic selection strategy to sort out those which either gave the best segregation or were considered the most practicable. The optimal model with 14 variables gave an error rate of less than 5% for the group studied. Suboptimal models yielded error rates between 13% and 18%. We conclude that a mathematical treatment of laboratory data which includes lipid parameters in addition to apolipoprotein values can improve the classification of peripheral vascular atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Risk factors for peripheral atherosclerosis. Retrospective evaluation by stepwise discriminant analysis. 640 92

Out of 512 recipients of kidney allotransplants 36 patients exhibiting cardiovascular complications (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular accident, aneurysm of aorta, peripheral arterial occlusions) were compared with an age and sex matched group of recipients without cardiovascular problems. The following significant differences were observed in the study group versus the controls: high systolic and diastolic blood pressure, longer duration of hypertension before renal allografting, higher serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid, and an increased incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and preexisting cardiovascular disease. No differences were found between the two groups as regards smoking habits, overweight, hyperparathyroidism, duration of hemodialysis treatment and type of kidney disease. Diabetes mellitus, family history of cardiovascular complications and hypertonic alterations of the eye fundus were more frequent, but not to a statistically significant extent, in the study group as compared to control patients. These findings show the need for regulation of blood pressure, hyperlipemia and hyperuricemia to ensure successful longterm rehabilitation after kidney allografting.
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PMID:[Cardiovascular diseases after kidney transplantation: an analysis of predisposing factors]. 645 62


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