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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

13 male patients suffering from arteriosclerotic heart disease and/or arterial hypertension were monitored continuously before and after vascular surgical procedures using an arrhythmia computer. Heart rate, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias, ventricular extrasystoles, ventricular tachycardias, ventricular fibrillation and prematurity index (QnQe/QTn) were recorded numerically. Ventricular arrhythmias were detected as follows preoperatively in 12 patients, after operation in all patients, paired ventricular extrasystoles or episodes of ventricular tachycardia were found in 5 cases before and in 7 after operation, ventricular fibrillation in one case. The incidence of ventricular dysrhythmias increased significantly (p less than 0.05) early after operation, as did the heart rate during the observed postoperative period (p less than 0.001). The prematurity index dropped below 1.0 during the two days following operation. This differed significantly from the preoperative value (p less than 0.05). The incidence of ventricular extrasystoles was related to postoperative myocardial infarction and heart failure (p less than 0.01), which occurred in 6 cases, with a lethal outcome in three. Only occasionally controlled by trained staff in a normal surgical ward the "Servomed Dysrhythmiemonitor" yielded reliable numerical results during the main part of the monitored period. In two cases it led to immediate detection and rapid institution of treatment of severe tachyar rhythmias.
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PMID:[Postoperative cardiac arrhythmias (author's transl)]. 8 Sep 61

A questionnaire survey and review of the literature show that pregnancy can be well tolerated in most women with renal transplants. Fifty-two per cent of the renal transplant recipients who became pregnant had full-term infants with no serious complications. With therapeutic abortions, excluded, 71% of the 308 pregnancies permitted to continue resulted in full-term infants. Rejection episodes were occasionally a serious problem, occurring in 9% of the pregnancies. Mechanical interference with renal excretion or preventing vaginal delivery occurred in 5.6% of the cases. Hypertension and proteinuria, often existing prior to pregnancy, became frequently increased during pregnancy. Infections not associated with rejection were common but easily controlled in most cases. Prematurity was frequent but related to renal function and the time interval from transplant to conception. The most serious infant complications were related to prematurity. Unknown is the future of these infants and their progeny because of their intrauterine exposure to immunosuppressive drugs.
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PMID:Pregnancy in renal transplant patients: a review. 37 91

The outcome of pregnancy was studied on a comparative basis. 150 Nigerian women who were underweight at the 14th week of pregnancy were compared with a group of 150 women of average weight who had been matched with the case group on the basis of age, height, parity and social class. Antenatal complications and labor complications/incidence of operative delivery among the 2 groups are tabulated. The incidence of underweight birth weights in the 2 groups is graphed. Prematurity was twice as prevalent among the underweight women as in the control group. 4 of the underweight and none of the control group suffered from hyperemesis gravidarum. The incidence of anemia, hypertension and preeclampsia did not differ in the 2 groups. The incidence of fetal distress was more common at delivery among the underweight mothers. There was also a comparatively higher incidence of Caesarian Section in the underweight group, most necessitated by fetal distress. Forceps deliveries were nearly 3 times more common among the underweight women. Delivery also lasted longer in this group. Babies of underweight mothers tended to weigh less than the babies born to the normal weight mothers.
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PMID:Outcome of pregnancy in the underweight Nigerian. 54 6

A study of 200 pregnant women at the State Zenana Hospital, Jaipur, was conducted to analyse the effects of various maternal diseases on neonates. The maternal diseases were anemia, hypertension, urinary tract infection, heart disease, and tuberculosis. 200 healthy pregnant women were studied as controls. A high incidence (64.3%) of low birth weight babies were born to the unhealthy mothers. 80% of the tubercular mothered babies weighed less than 2.5 kg; 70% of the heart disease; 65% urinary tract infections; 60% hypertensive; and 64.3% anemia. The abnormal newborns showed a smaller average length and smaller head circumference (less than 33 cm.) than the normal group. There was also higher incidence of prematurity and poor neurological status among the abnormal group. Congenital malformations accounted for 2.15% in the abnormal cases, compared to .5% in the control group. The morbidity rate was 85%, compared to 46% in the controls. The causes were conjunctivitis, diarrhea, and cord sepsis.
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PMID:Effects of maternal medical diseases on the newborn. 72 Dec 25

Adolescent pregnancy is associated with a high degree of risk for the mother and her baby which may be mitigated by good prenatal care, intensive nutritional counseling, and attention to social problems. A study of 222 predominately black, single adolescents who delivered at the University of Tennessee Center for the Health Sciences during the 2-month period between December 1977 and February 1978 revealed an increased incidence of hypertension and convulsive disorders as well as a high rate of toxemia and fetal distress during labor and delivery. Birth weights of less than 2500 gm were associated with a 12% incidence of prematurity, and nearly 15% of the newborns required intensive care (23 had high-risk Apgar scores at 1 minute and 18 at 5 minutes). Perinatal mortality was 54/1000. In this population, teenage pregnancy is viewed as an accepted and even welcome occurrence, supporting the finding that poor neonatal care is a prime cause of the increased complications of adolescent pregnancy. Comprehensive personal services are required to achieve patient compliance with prenatal medical care.
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PMID:Teenage obstetric complications. 73 27

Oedema of the umbilical cord, defined as visible oedema in a cord wish a minimal cross sectional area of 1-3 cm-2, is found in 10 per cent of deliverieo. It is seen more frequently in cetain complications of pregnancy such as abrupti placentage, maternal diabetes, macerated intrauterine death and in conditions affectint the infant including prematurity, rhesus isoimmunization, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and transient respiratory distress (TRD). There is a higher incidence in infants delivered by Caesarean section. There is no significant association between cord oedema and either fetal distress or neonatal asphyxia nor is there any correlation with maternal hypertension or oedema. The mechanism of production of the odema is discussed; low oncotic pressure, raised hydrostatic pressure in the placenta and umbilical cord, and an increase in total water in the feto-placental unit are considered. The presence of oedema of the cord may reflect similar changes in the lungs which antenatally predispose aninfant whose pathway for production of surfactant is immature to develop RDS and the mature infant to develop TRD. The value of cord oedema as a warning sign is stressed.
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PMID:Oedema of the umbilical cord and respiratory distress in the newborn. 80 96

A total of 99 patients with pre-eclampsia and proteinuria were managed conservatively between 30 and 37 weeks of gestation, based on serial urinary estriol, liquor amnii, and renal function studies. The over-all perinatal wastage was 14 per cent, but was 35 per cent in association with subnormal estriol excretion and oligohydramnios (less than 250 ml.). In severe pre-eclampsia (blood pressure greater than 170/110 mm. Hg with proteinuria greater than 5 Gm. per liter) the incidence of subnormal estriol was 73 per cent and, becuase of this and the associated maternal hazards, conservative treatment had little place. However, in less severe pre-eclampsia with proteinuria early in the third trimester, this prospective study, based on serial placental and renal function tests, showed that frequently the pregnancy could be prolonged and fetal losses due to prematurity avoided. It should be stressed that such conservative treatment should not be continued when there are strong clinical contraindications. Irrespective of the severity of the prior pre-eclampsia, it was unusual for patients to show residual hypertension, proteinuria, or abnormal pyelography at their postnatal examination. Postpartum renal biopsy showed either normal histology or regression of the classical glomerular lesion in 77 per cent of cases.
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PMID:Placental function and renal tract studies in pre-eclampsia with proteinuria and long-term maternal consequences. 98 68

Case records of 206 pregnant patients who had not had a viable pregnancy for 10 years or more, are presented. In the antenatal period, 59.7% of patients went through their pregnancy with no complications. The commonest complications were pre-eclampsia and non-proteinuric hypertension. Labour was essentially normal in the majority of cases, and of the 183 patients who were allowed to labour, 171 (93.4%) were delivered vaginally. Caesarean section was performed in 17% of cases, which is 3 times the over-all Caesarean section rate for the hospital during the same period. The indications for Caesarean section are appreciably less restricted in these patients. There was a two-fold increase in the incidence of breech presentation. This may be partly explained by the higher incidence of premature births found in this group of patients. The over-all risk to the infant is increased, mainly because of prematurity, but also owing to a slight increase in the number of congenital abnormalities.
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PMID:Viable pregnancy after prolonged periods of secondary infertility. 125 Dec 75

Corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and cortisol were measured in umbilical cord plasma obtained from 90 preterm and 98 term fetuses. Maternal plasma was obtained from 23 women who delivered preterm and from 23 women matched for gestational age who ultimately delivered term infants. Mean umbilical cord plasma CRH concentration was significantly higher in the preterm fetuses (n = 69, 538 +/- 63 pg/ml) compared to the term fetuses (n = 98, 280 +/- 22 pg/ml, P < 0.01). Mean DHEAS level in the preterm fetuses was 208 +/- 22 mg/dl (n = 56), cortisol level was 7 +/- 1 mg/dl (n = 58). Umbilical plasma CRH concentrations (808 +/- 170 pg/ml) were significantly higher at 24-27 weeks than at 28-31 or 31-34 weeks gestation. Cortisol levels (12 +/- 3 micrograms/dl) were highest at 24-27 weeks. Mode of delivery and the presence of labor did not affect fetal CRH levels. The highest fetal CRH levels were measured in the pregnancies complicated by hypertension as well as prematurity; however, fetal CRH levels remained higher in the preterm group compared to the term group when hypertensive pregnancies were excluded. Maternal plasma CRH levels were significantly higher in the group that delivered preterm compared to women who delivered at term matched for gestational age (1058 +/- 184 pg/ml compared to 456 +/- 71 pg/ml, P < 0.00).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Corticotropin releasing hormone concentrations in umbilical cord blood of preterm fetuses. 130 8

Many centers still recommend avoidance of pregnancy after renal transplantation because of fears for the safety of both mother and fetus. These fears are in part based on a lack of information concerning the effects of newer immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine on the course and outcome of pregnancy. The present study examines the experience of first pregnancies following renal transplantation in a single center, with emphasis on the role of CsA. Data on the first pregnancies of 22 women transplanted between 1977 and 1988 were studied. The mean age of patients at the time of transplant was 23.4 +/- 3.1 years and interval from transplant to pregnancy was 34.5 +/- 24.5 months (range 1-75 months). Twelve patients received CsA alone or in combination with other immunosuppressives, while the remaining 10 patients received azathioprine and prednisone. Mean serum creatinine fell progressively during pregnancy in both CsA- and azathioprine-treated mothers. Mean CsA dose rose during pregnancy while mean CsA blood concentration fell during the 2nd trimester (P = 0.042). The gestation period ranged from 27 to 40 weeks (35.5 +/- 3.3) with 14 pregnancies ending prematurely prior to 37 weeks. Thirteen deliveries occurred by Caesarian section. Hypertension complicated 10 pregnancies. Birth weight correlated directly with both maternal weight gain (r = 0.57; P less than 0.02) and gestational age (r = 0.9; P less than 0.01). Ten of 23 offspring were below the 10th percentile for weight. Mean birth weight ranged from 0.72 to 3.7 kg (2.3 +/- 0.84 kg). The mean birth weight and gestational age of children born to mothers taking CsA were lower than those in azathioprine treated mothers but these differences were not statistically significant. Successful pregnancy is possible following renal transplantation, although there is a high rate of prematurity, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth retardation. CsA dose requirements may be increased. Maternal risks including hypertension require that such pregnancies be handled by a multidisciplinary team approach.
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PMID:The outcome of pregnancy following renal transplantation--the experience of a single center. 141 22


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