Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, specially those with antiphospholipid antibodies, have a high incidence of arterial and venous thrombotic manifestations. However, renal infarction has been rarely reported in these patients. The case of a young female with renal infarction, diagnosed by renal arteriography and scintigraphy, and arterial hypertension (AH) is described. In subsequent years she also suffered several cerebrovascular accidents with important neurological sequelae. No evidence of systemic disease was observed at this time. Fourteen years after the renal infarction a diagnosis of SLE was established. Despite therapy with prednisone, acetylsalicylic acid, azathioprine and antihypertensive drugs the progression of the neurological disease led to death. The sudden appearance of severe AH in a young woman with a renal infarction should alert the clinician about a possible underlying renal artery thrombosis in association with SLE and antiphospholipid antibodies.
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PMID:Renal infarction in a severely hypertensive patient with lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibodies. 868 43

A 62-year-old patient complained about slowly increasing, intermittent vision disorders. Ophthalmologic investigation revealed choked disks in both eyes. A neurologic investigation performed thereafter disclosed increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure without recognizable cause. Internistic investigation was inconspicious; in particular, there were no indications for a systemic disease. The distinct findings of choked disks on both sides and increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure without detectable organic causes finally lead to the diagnosis of benign intracranial hypertension or pseudotumor cerebri. Not until the nerve sheath of the right optic nerve was split did the visual field defects in the right eye diminish. Splitting of the left optic nerve sheath is planned.
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PMID:[Increasing vision disorder]. 868 73

Retinopathy associated with sickle-C and sickle cell disease is well described. Sickle trait and haemoglobin C trait are generally considered benign conditions, with infrequent systemic manifestations. Rare cases of retinopathy in sickle trait, in the presence of contributory factors, exist and we recently reported three such patients. The occurrence of retinopathy in haemoglobin C trait is even less well documented. Haemoglobin C does not cause red blood cell sickling but is known to decrease erythrocyte plasticity and increase blood viscosity. We report three cases in which haemoglobin C trait was associated with significant peripheral vascular occlusion and seafan formation (confirmed by fluorescein angiography) similar to that seen in sickle retinopathy. Two patients had coexistent systemic disease (hypertension and diabetes mellitus). Vitreous haemorrhage was the presenting feature in two patients. It is evident that haemoglobin C trait may be associated with sight-threatening complications.
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PMID:Retinopathy in haemoglobin C trait. 937 5

We recorded pattern electroretinograms and visual evoked potentials in a group of selected patients with unilateral uncomplicated branch retinal vein occlusion. To document the effects of preexisting risk factors, patients were divided into three groups: diabetes mellitus, hypertension with hyperlipidemia and no systemic disease. The transient and steady-state pattern electroretinogram and visual evoked potential amplitudes were significantly reduced and visual evoked potential peak times were delayed relative to the fellow eyes and age-matched normal subjects. There was a second amplitude reduction relative to the other patient groups in both the affected and fellow eyes of the diabetes mellitus group, which was indicative of an additive effect of diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Pattern-reversal electroretinograms and visual evoked potentials in branch retinal vein occlusion. 881 95

A 63-year old man presented with severe nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure, accompanied by congestive circulatory insufficiency and hypertension. During the next four days, despite intense symptomatic treatment of nephrotic syndrome impairment of glomerular filtration continued to progress (serum creatinine rose from 6.5 mg/dl to 7.5 mg/dl) and 24-hour proteinuria reached 26.7 g, while proteinaemia was 43.7 g/l. After having excluded malignancy and systemic disease, patient was given two doses of methylprednisolone (750 mg every other day) along with haemodialyses on three consecutive days. On the fourth day dialyses were stopped due to development of poliuria. Patient's circulation parameters have improved and so did the renal function. Kidney biopsy revealed scarce glomerular proliferation and interstitial mononu: clear infiltrates. Steroids being continued (prednisone 50 mg on alternate days), patient's condition continued to improve, results of laboratory tests practically returned to normal and two subsequent hospital observations within monthly intervals confirmed stability of remission.
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PMID:[Fulminant course of glomerulonephritis with acute renal failure in a 63-year old man]. 883 51

The objects of the study were to determine: (1) whether United Kingdom ophthalmologists who used argon lasers had the elevation of colour-contrast thresholds previously discovered and (2) whether other users of argon lasers showed any unusual loss of colour vision. A total of 1072 UK ophthalmologists filled in a questionnaire about their professional use of lasers, the length of time spent operating, and their out-of-doors activities. Their colour vision was then tested by a new sensitive system, and if any abnormality was detected, a clinical eye examination was performed. The results were as follows: (1) Colour vision testing was shown to be reliable. Any self-selection bias was excluded. Test-retest variability was small. Normal results did not change during the survey. (2) A number of men with high red-green thresholds were discovered. Some were aware of their congenital insensitivity. The frequency of all such defects was less than the known incidence of congenital colour deficiency in the male population. (3) Additionally a number of high tritan (blue-yellow) thresholds were encountered, some associated with reported diabetes and hypertension. In other cases of this type, undetected or unacknowledged systemic disease may be present. (4) After making allowance for all these incidental causes of loss of colour vision, and for the effect of age on colour vision (which is very small) only four of the sample were > 2 SD above normal. (5) However, the average blue-yellow thresholds of ophthalmologists were slightly and highly significantly raised compared with normal, in the first year of the survey. During the second and third years, the mean thresholds declined to normal. Similar but less significant findings were found for protan thresholds. It is concluded that the enhanced safety precautions recently introduced are associated with a recovery of colour vision in this population, demonstrating that any changes to individuals were reversible. Colour vision screening has proved able to detect mild ocular abnormalities due to systemic and congenital disease.
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PMID:Does occupational exposure to argon laser radiation decrease colour contrast sensitivity in UK ophthalmologists? 884 35

Renal diseases as glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, interstitial nephritis (e.g. analgetic nephropathy) or systemic disease with renal involvement are responsible for renal hypertension. High blood pressure remains the most important factor for progression of chronic renal failure. On the other hand, effective anti-hypertensive therapy results in inhibition of progression. Clinical and experimental studies show a renoprotective effect of ACE inhibitors due to lowering of systemic blood pressure, reduction of glomerular capillary pressure, reduction of proteinuria and antiproliferative effects.
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PMID:[ACE inhibitors and the kidney]. 892 21

Sneddon's syndrome is a systemic disease characterized by livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular disease. Other organs may be involved as well. Typical vascular lesions in the skin biopsy and/or digital arteries biopsy can be found. Arterial hypertension, cardiac pathology (ischemic disease, myocardial infarction, valvulopathy), venous thrombosis and even fetal death are also found sometimes. We present a case of Sneddon's syndrome in which typical vascular lesions in the kidney were demonstrated for the first time unequivocally confirming the systemic nature of this syndrome.
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PMID:Sneddon's syndrome: a vascular systemic disease with kidney involvement? 903 Dec 77

A 66-year-old woman with a history of non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypothyroidism presented with a painless orbital apex syndrome without any sign of orbital cellulitis or acute systemic disease. Her blood glucose was mildly elevated, but there was no diabetic ketoacidosis. Neuroimaging revealed only mild sinus disease. Transnasal sphenoidal mucosal biopsy showed an inflammatory mass with cellular atypia on frozen sections, suggesting squamous cell carcinoma. However, review of the permanent sections showed broad, nonseptate hyphae consistent with mucormycosis. The patient was treated with a 3-month course of intravenous amphotericin B and no further surgery. Examination 3 months after presentation revealed complete resolution of her ocular motility deficits and partial resolution of her optic neuropathy. Mucormycosis should be suspected in any case of orbital apex syndrome, especially in the diabetic patient.
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PMID:Painless orbital apex syndrome from mucormycosis. 930 30

A young woman was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus at the age of 7 years and incurred an acute myocardial infarction at the age of 17 years. Her risk factors for coronary artery disease include hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, a relatively long disease duration, a fairly active disease as evidenced by the history of nephrotic syndrome and other organ system involvement, and a long history of prednisone use. It is difficult to determine the etiology of this patient's acute myocardial infarction without coronary artery histopathology, but aspects of her presentation (a history of virulent systemic lupus erythematosus, and the angiographic findings of ectasia and aneurysm) suggest that coronary arteritis was the etiology of her accelerated coronary artery disease and subsequent myocardial infarction. Acute myocardial infarction is an uncommon occurrence in premenopausal women less than 30 years old.35 These patients are typically found to have an associated systemic disease such as diabetes mellitus or familial hypercholesterolemia. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a less common systemic disease associated with premature coronary artery disease. Mechanisms of acute coronary syndromes in these patients include accelerated atherosclerosis, active coronary vasculitis, and/or vasospasm with superimposed thrombosis.
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PMID:Acute myocardial infarction in a young woman with systemic lupus erythematosus. 954 9


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