Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical course of IgA Mesangial Deposits Glomerulonephritis (MDGN) has been investigated in 178 patients for 1 to 32 years (mean 6 years) from the onset of symptoms. Impairment of renal function occurred in 28 patients, 13 of whom required RDT or died in uraemia. Hypertension was observed in 67 patients. The actuarial survival rate at ten years was 91%. A significant correlation was observed between the occurrence of renal failure and the following features: absence of episodes of gross haematuria, early appearance of hypertension, marked proteinuria and sclerosing glomerular lesions. These data suggest that IgA MDGN has generally a very prolonged course, but in a few cases may evolve, sometimes early, to chronic renal failure.
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PMID:Long term follow up of IgA mesangial deposits glomerulonephritis. 60 Sep 63

MR tomography was used for investigation of 38 patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH) and 26 healthy persons. A possibility of the use and practical value of the method in the diagnosis and evaluation of renal function and renal arteries (RA) were under study. Some quantitative MRT indices were calculated both for the patients and healthy persons. They included spin-spin relaxation time, proton density, and signal intensity. These data can provide important information on renal function in RVH with relation to kidney sizes and the state of the renal parenchyma (evaluation of the cortical substance and medulla and the border between them). In some cases MRT ensures noninvasive diagnosis of PA stenosis.
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PMID:[Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension]. 136 79

MR tomography was used for investigation of 38 patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH) and 26 healthy persons. A possibility of the use and practical value of the method in the diagnosis and evaluation of renal function and renal arteries (RA) were under study. Some quantitative MRT indices were calculated both for the patients and healthy persons. They included spin-spin relaxation time, proton density, and signal intensity. These data can provide important information on renal function in RVH with relation to kidney sizes and the state of the renal parenchyma (evaluation of the cortical substance and medulla and the border between them). In some cases MRT ensures noninvasive diagnosis of PA stenosis.
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PMID:[Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension]. 187 61

In 38 patients suffering from spontaneous pontine hemorrhages arterial hypertension was the most common risk factor. 31 patients, of whom 30 died, suffered centro-paramedian pontine hemorrhage leading to coma, hypertensive crisis, respiratory failure, cardiac arrhythmia, miosis and tetraparesis. Most cases showed involvement of the mesencephalon [17] and fourth ventricle [14]. The other seven patients demonstrated dorsotegmental [5] or hemipontine [2] hemorrhages with complex neuroophthalmologic signs, other cranial nerve lesions, and ataxia or hemiparesis; all these patients survived, some even without neurological deficit. In most cases, arteriosclerotic hemorrhages of pontine vessels occurred; in rare cases arterial malformations [4] and anticoagulants [4] were responsible for the bleeding. Clinical signs, CT scans and MRT investigations led to the diagnosis. EEG and evoked potentials allowed statements regarding localisation and prognosis. Treatment was limited in most cases to conservative intensive care; in one case a ventricular shunt was implemented, and in two cases pontine hemorrhages in the presence of arteriovenous and cavernous angiomas were removed.
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PMID:[Spontaneous pontine hemorrhage. An analysis of 38 cases]. 321 Dec 44

Most of the patients on RDT, tolerate hemofiltration better than hemodialysis because hemofiltration rarely causes hemodynamic complications, or symptoms of disequilibrium. In comparison with hemodialysis, hemofiltration is more extensive and it's performance more laborious. With regard to the advantages, hemofiltration should be preferred in patients with high degrees of acotemia who appear for the first treatment, in patients suffering from cardiac insufficiency or autonomic insufficiency, and furthermore in all dialysis patients suffering from therapeutic refractory hypertension, neuropathy, and in risked elderly patients with hypotension.
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PMID:[When is hemofiltration indicated, in the treatment of renal insufficiency? (author's transl)]. 724 19

Four thousand hemofiltrations have been performed in 22 patients with low tolerance to conventional hemodialysis (20 cases), and severe arterial hypertension (2 cases). In comparison with hemodialysis, hemofiltration had a low incidence of intradialytic collapses, vomit and cramps, and allowed a better state of well-being during interdialytic periods. In hypertensive patients hemofiltration has accomplished a better control of arterial pressure and pharmacotherapy has been reduced. In this study, we report the data concerning metabolism, electrolytes, acid-base balance during our experience utilizing bicarbonate in the replacement fluid. Our experience further supports the impression that hemofiltration may have some advantages in patients with low tolerance to conventional dialysis and/or severe dislipemia and hypertension. The possibility to reduce dialysis duration to 3 hrs, stimulates further application of this new treatment in a wider number of patients on RDT.
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PMID:[Hemofiltration: present and future]. 724 98

In the attempt to prevent malnutrition, a seven year longitudinal evaluation was carried out in 24 RDT patients in order to assess the efficacy of the following strategy: 1) Counseling for an adequate physical activity and a high caloric intake limiting dietary restrictions to fluids, salt and fruit. 2) Improvement of anemia by increasing dialysis dose and/or by administering EPO. 3) The use of high UF HDF in order to employ more biocompatible membranes and to improve small and middle molecules removal. Nutritional status was assessed by a biochemical screening and by evaluating the variations of dry body weight (BW), which had to be also confirmed by a normal cardiac volume. Moreover in all patients a 4 consecutive days dietary record was obtained one year before the end of the observation period. During this period the mean dry BW increased significantly except in the two last years, when it remained stable. The increase of BW was associated with a reduced incidence of hypertension, a significant increase of Hb and reduction of BUN and sCr. The remaining biochemical parameters were constantly in the normal range. The dietary record showed a mean caloric-proteic intake similar to that recommended for the general population. These data point out that the above strategy can prevent malnutrition in patients on RDT. It must be confirmed whether the use of more biocompatible membranes and the removal of the middle molecules can play an important role in this setting.
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PMID:[Can malnutrition be prevented in patients on chronic extracorporeal dialysis?]. 770 10

Careful investigation of the clinical conditions of patients on maintenance hemodialysis for about 20 years in a single dialysis unit was of great interest for evaluation of the pathological consequences in long-term survivors of insufficient correction of uremia and of the dialysis treatment "per se". We analyzed the outcomes for a cohort of 116 patients who started RDT before 1976 and the clinical conditions of the 24 patients still on RDT in our unit at the end of 1991 (average duration of treatment = 222 +/- 23 months). Actuarial survival was 72% at 10 years and 43% at 20 years. Rehabilitation of the 24 survivors was rather good: 13 were able to work, 8 were retired or unable to work, but able to care for most personal needs. Actual body weight, anthropometric parameters and biochemical parameters revealed a well-preserved nutritional status. Anemia improved from 23 +/- 7 at the start of RDT to 31 +/- 8 in the 21 patients never treated with erythropoietin. Blood pressure was normal without therapy in 18 patients and elevated in 6. Mild-to-moderate left ventricular hypertrophy was present in all the 6 patients with arterial hypertension and in only 6 of the 18 normotensive patients. The ratio of early diastolic filling to filling during atrial contraction (E/A ratio) was < 1 in 16 patients: it was 1.05 +/- 0.43 in 9 patients with stable intradialysis blood pressure and significantly lower (0.73 +/- 0.15) in 12 patients with recurrent intradialysis hypotension. Supraventricular arrhythmias were detected by Holter monitoring in 41% and ventricular arrhythmias in 35% of patients. Extensive vascular calcifications were present (in 100% of patients in the abdominal aorta), but only 4 patients showed clinical signs of peripheral vascular disease. Subperiosteal resorption was detected radiologically in the hands of 59% of patients. Bone histology, interpretable for only 20 patients, revealed no bone lesions in 1 case (5%), mild mixed osteodystrophy in 3 cases (15%), advanced mixed osteodystrophy in 5 cases (25%), osteodystrophy with predominant hyperparathyroidism in 2 cases (10%), osteodystrophy with predominant osteomalacia in 6 cases (30%), and aplastic bone disease in 3 cases (15%). Moderate aluminum staining was found in only 4 patients and was more marked in earlier biopsies taken before withdrawal of the aluminium-containing phosphate-binding drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical features of 24 patients on regular hemodialysis treatment (RDT) for 16-23 years in a single unit. 852 16

Overall seventy patients with chronic hypertensive encephalopathy and acute cerebral circulatory disorders were examined, their age ranging between 35 to 75 years, by ACT, MRT, USG. MRT was found out to be the most objective method for identifying structural changes in the brain in cerebrovascular disorders. The main signs of MR-tomography are vascular changes presenting as lacunar infarctions with or without perifocal area of edema, hydrocephalus, brain swelling, intracranial hypertension, poor differentiation of gray and white substances of the brain, with hygromas being readily identifiable. Lacunar infarctions, periventricular edema, dilatation of the ventricular system are regarded as equivalent of clinical signs of chronic hypertensive encephalopathy.
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PMID:[Clinico-structural changes in the brain in cerebrovascular insufficiency]. 947 54

Hypertension is a common finding after renal transplantation, and it has a variety of underlying mechanisms. One reason is the type of immunosuppressive therapy, with a higher prevalence of hypertension in cyclosporine-treated patients. Cyclosporine interferes with several humoral and neural systems which are involved in blood pressure regulation such as the renin-angiotensin system, endothelins, nitric oxide, prostaglandins and the sympathetic nervous system. Other pathomechanisms for posttransplant hypertension are uncontrolled renin secretion of the native kidneys, polycythemia, recurrence of renal disease in the graft and renal failure. Renal transplant artery stenosis is a potentially treatable cause of post-transplant hypertension and several techniques such MRT angiography, Doppler sonography and conventional angiography are available. The diagnosis and treatment of hypertension are of high importance in general for the transplanted patient, and especially for the long-term prognosis of graft function.
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PMID:Hypertension in the transplanted patient. 980 33


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