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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The opinion is emerging that beta-blocking drugs have an important role in management of patients following acute myocardial infarction. Already beta-blocking drugs are accepted as the treatment of choice in hypertension and in angina pectoris--in the major risk factor and consequence respectively of coronary atherosclerosis, and both commonly recognized in patients who survive acute myocardial infarction. But beta-blocking drugs also may be of benefit in reducing the incidence and risk of subsequent infarction, and so may be of value for long term treatment of patients who have no symptoms whatever following acute infarction.
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PMID:The role of long term beta-blockade after myocardial infarction: Paper 1. 3 Apr 41

This study was designed to investigate the effects of acute left atrial hypertension on left atrial size. Twenty-four patients with acute myocardial infarction were studied. The estimated mean left atrial pressure (LAm) was correlated with left atrial (LA) size obtained by echocardiogrphy. The LAm was elevated (greater than 12 mmHg) in 15 patients (Group I). The LA size was within normal limits in all but two patients who had minor increases. The LAm was normal in nine patients (Group II). The LA size was normal in each case. The LA size remained unchanged in those patients who had a stable LAm. We conclude that acute increases in LAm are not usually associated with LA enlargement beyond the upper limit of the normal range.
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PMID:Echocardiographic study of the effects of acute left atrial hypertension on left atrial size. 12 85

Data obtained from two multipurpose surveys of hospitalized patients were examined to determine the risk of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction in post-menopausal women 40 to 75 years of age in relation to use of estrogen-containing drugs. Eight (2.4 per cent) of 336 myocardial infarction patients and 330 (4.9 per cent) of 6730 reference patients were regular estrogen users (crude rate ratio, 0.47) at the time of hospitalization. After control for confounding variables -- among them, age, past history of myocardial in farction, angina, diabetes, and hypertension (alone or in combination) and cigarette smoking -- the summary point estimate of rate ratio was 0.97 with 95 per cent confidence limits of 0.48 and 1.95. Thus, there was no evidence of a statistically significant association between current regular use of estrogens and nonfatal acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Myocardial infarction and estrogen therapy in post-menopausal women. 17 69

Myocardial scinitgrams, using 99mTc-stannous pyrophosphate, showed an acute posterior infarction and an abnormally placed left kidney in a 24-year-old hypertensive man; Further study revealed that the kidney was displaced by a mass later proven to be a pheochromocytoma. The latter was the cause of his hypertension and probably instigated the acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Renal displacement visualized on myocardial scintigram: case report. 19 80

A 34 year old patient with prolonged unstable angina pectoris who did not respond to medical treatment is presented. In the course of three days he developed acute subendocardial infarction complicated by severe ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Previously renovascular arterial hypertension due to important stenosis of the right renal artery had been diagnosed by renal arteriography. The precordial pain did not disappear with acute myocardial infarction. He presented acute postinfarction angina which required the use of vasodilator and beta-adrenergic blocking agents which did not alleviate his symptoms completely. Coronary arteriography performed a month after acute myocardial infarction demonstrated 99% stenosis of the left main coronary artery and 70% stenosis of the left anterior descending artery. During three days before surgery intraaortic ballon pumping was employed and the patient did not present precordial pain. The patient became asymptomatic after placing two aortocoronary vein grafts to the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries, and three months later blood pressure fell to normal after placing a right aorto renal graft. The poor prognosis of critical stenosis of the main left branch, its medical treatment and better evolution after surgery is discussed. The indications for intra-aortic ballon pumping in this type of patients and its use before surgery so as to be able to suspend beta-adrenergic blocking agents without risks are specified. Finally the surgical indications for renovascular hypertension are discussed.
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PMID:[Role of the ballon of intraaortic contrapulsation in a patient with stenosis of the main left branch and renovascular hypertension]. 30 93

Patients with suspected or proven acute myocardial infarction complicated by ventricular arrhythmias not corrected by lidocaine therapy (bolus dose 100 mg followed by infusion 2 mg/min) were treated either with an increased dose of lidocaine (bolus dose 50 mg followed by infusion 3 mg/min) or with 600 mg N,N-bis dimethylammonium chloride (QX-572, Astra, Sweden) as an i.v. infusion during 30 min (3 patients) or 60 min (13 patients). In the lidocaine group the arrhythmias were controlled in 6 out of 15 patients, in the QZ-572 group in 12 out of 16, a difference that is not statistically significant. However, the frequency of side-effects was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in the QX-572 group (15 out of 16 patients). They were also more severe, including pronounced tachycardia and hypertension. It is concluded that despite the high antiarrhythmic effect of QX-572, an increase of the lidocaine dose would be safer and preferable in the clinical situation studied.
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PMID:Lidocaine and the quarternary ammonium compound QX-572 in acute myocardial infarction. A comparative study. 35 66

The role of routine anticogulation in acute myocardial infarction continues to be a source of controversy. There is currently strong evidence to suggest that conventional anticoagulation will prevent the formation of most deep vein thrombi and subsequent pulmonary embolization. Anticoagulant agents also appear to reduce the incidence of emboli from cardiac mural thrombi to peripheral arteries. Patients without a predisposition to bleeding are unlikely to have hemorrhagic complications in the hospital after usual doses of anticoagulant drugs. In patients with severe hypertension, prior gastrointestinal bleeding, carcinoma or advanced age, small dose heparin therapy appears to reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis and probably of pulmonary emboli as well. Its value in preventing peripheral arterial embolization has not been defined. Anticoagulation with standard "large" doses is an effective means of preventing the risks of pulmonary and peripheral emboli during the in-patient phase of acute myocardial infarction. Small dose heparin therapy provides an excellent alternative to conventional anticoagulation when there is more than a negligible risk of hemorrhage. There is little evidence at this time to support the use of long-term anticoagulation beyond the acute phase of myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Anticoagulation in myocardial infarction: modern approach to an old problem. 37 10

An acute myocardial infarction was observed in a 62-year-old patient with hemophilia A, as well as myxedema, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and angina pectoris. The occurrence of myocardial infarction in hemophiliacs is rare, and, to the best of our knowledge, this patient represents the fourth documented case in the literature.
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PMID:Acute myocardial infarction in a hemophiliac. 46 25

1 Fifteen patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and systemic BP of greater than 160/110 mmHg were treated with an incremental infusion of labetalol. 2 Systemic BPs were safely and effectively lowered to less than 130 mm Hg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic in all pateints. 3 Heart rate, mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure cardiac index and stroke work index were significantly reduced. 4 The dose of labetalol varied from 30 mg--440 mg and was significantly higher (mean 295 mg) in those patients with pre-existing systemic hypertension compared with others (mean 133 mg). 5 No side-effects occurred and all patients survived to leave hospital.
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PMID:Labetalol infusion in acute myocardial infarction with systemic hypertension. 52 7

In 700 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the intensive coronary care unit of our hospital, the incidence and significance of left anterior hemiblock and left axis deviation has been studied in the acute phase of disease. In 102 (14.6%) of the 700 patients, isolated left axis deviation (mean QRS axis-45 degrees) was found and 69 of them (9.9%) met the criteria of left anterior hemiblock. Of the 69 patients with left anterior hemiblock, 61 had acute anterior myocardial infarction, 5 had inferior infarction, and 3 had subendocardial infarction. The anterior hemiblock was transient in 5 patients, but persisted in 64. All patients with and without isolated left anterior hemiblock and left axis deviation were compared statistically with reference to mortality rate and the incidence of arrythmias; no significant difference was noted. However, in patients over the age of 65 and also in those with hypertension, the incidence of left axis deviation was significantly higher (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.001, respectively). It was concluded that isolated left anterior hemiblock and left axis deviation occurring in the course of acute myocardial infarction no influence on the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of isolated left anterior hemiblock and left axis deviation in the course of acute myocardial infarction. 58 75


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