Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Type I glycogen storage disease (GSD-I) is due to the deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver, kidney and intestine. Although kidney enlargement occurs in GSD-I, renal disease has not been considered a major problem until recently. In older patients (more than 20 years of age) whose GSD-I disease has been ineffectively treated, virtually all have disturbed renal function, manifested by persistent proteinuria; many also have hypertension, renal stones, altered creatinine clearance or a progressive renal insufficiency. Glomerular hyperfiltration is seen in the early stage of the renal dysfunction and can occur before proteinuria. In younger GSD-I patients, the hyperfiltration is usually the only renal abnormality found; and, in some patients, microalbuminuria develops before clinical proteinuria. The predominant underlying renal pathology is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Renal stones and/or nephrocalcinosis are also common findings. Amyloidosis and Fanconi-like syndrome can occur, but rarely. The risk factors for developing the glomerulosclerosis in GSD-I include hyperfiltration, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia. Dietary therapy with cornstarch and/or nasogastric infusion of glucose, aimed at maintaining normoglycemia, corrects metabolic abnormalities and improves the proximal renal tubular function. Long-term trial will be needed to assess whether the dietary therapy may prevent the evolution or the progression of the renal disease.
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PMID:Type I glycogen storage disease: kidney involvement, pathogenesis and its treatment. 202 44

Deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase is the biochemical defect in glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I). Normally this enzyme is present in the liver, intestine and kidneys. The lack of the enzyme in the kidney makes it obvious that glycogen storage will not be restricted to the liver but that also the kidneys will be involved, possibly resulting in renal damage. Glycogen storage in the kidney is most outspoken present in the proximal tubular cells. In case of insufficient metabolic control, a Fanconi-like syndrome can develop, disappearing with improved therapy. Although renal disease has not been considered a problem in GSD I, recent findings indicate that especially in adult patients chronic renal disease is a common complication. In the past gout nephropathy and renal stones were the complications mentioned. Recently it appears that in a considerable number of patients after a period of 'silent' hyperfiltration, renal damage develops with proteinuria, hypertension and renal dysfunction later on. In biopsies of such patients focal glomerulosclerosis is found.
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PMID:Renal complications in glycogen storage disease type I. 831 28

Toxic nephropathy is an important cause of reversible renal injury. This article focuses on the nephrotoxicity of several new therapeutic compounds. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor is associated with sodium retention, hypertension, ankle edema, and acute renal failure. The incidence of renal complication is similar to conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Bisphosphonates, especially when used in high dose for prolonged duration, can cause toxic acute tubular necrosis and renal failure. Pamidronate is also associated with a specific form of collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis similar to one found in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, a new group of antiviral agents, can cause Fanconi-like syndrome and progressive renal impairment. On the other hand, indinavir, a potent protease inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infection, can cause crystalluria, renal stone, acute tubular obstruction and chronic interstitial nephritis. Intravenous immune globulin and hydroxyethyl starch, a new plasma expander, are associated with acute renal failure with characteristic renal histology known as osmotic nephrosis. In short, physicians should be cautious about possible renal toxicity during the use of any new therapeutic agents.
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PMID:Nephrotoxicity related to new therapeutic compounds. 1595 51