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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The article deals with reserpine influence on mental and physical working capacity, psychic state and professionally relevant functions of memory and concentration in 36 male patients of 50 +/- 2.0 years of age suffering from arterial hypertension and engaged in professions characterized with extreme neuro-emotional stress conditions ( enterprise managers). It was shown that reserpine induced a stable and significant hypotensive effect, improved the physiological indices and physical working capacity, but hampered the mental and cognitive function activity, concentration and short-term memory. Reserpine cannot be recommended for drug therapy in out-patient departments in the treatment of the patient professionally engaged in stable emotional stress conditions.
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PMID:[Indicators of mental and physical work capacity during reserpine treatment of patients with arterial hypertension working under neuro-emotional stress]. 191 96

Mental/emotional stress caused the same physiological response of a "vegetative crisis" in 20 subjects with normal blood pressure, 21 subjects with borderline arterial hypertension and in 21 hypertensive patients. The change of arterial blood pressure, pulse, excretion of urine, noradrenaline, adrenaline were analogous in all three groups. The mathematical statistics technique revealed a difference in mechanisms regulating excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline in subjects with normal blood pressure, borderline arterial hypertension and in hypertensive patients.
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PMID:[The effect of a psychoemotional load on the cardiovascular system and catecholamines in subjects with different levels of arterial pressure]. 215 11

In susceptible persons emotional stress results in immediate sympathetic stimulation, with a vasomotor response that results in a high-output state and elevated blood pressure; the vasopressor response seems to be transient. There seems to be no longitudinal epidemiologic validation of the attractive hypothesis that transiently elevated blood pressures are the prelude to fixed hypertension, however. The acquisition of hypertension by populations abandoning their traditional mode of living has been attributed to the sociocultural stress inherent in westernization, but these studies usually have not taken into account concomitants of this type of acculturation, such as dietary changes and increased body weight. The inverse relationship of blood pressure levels to education could explain the development of hypertension when aspiration to upward mobility is thwarted. The severity of perceived occupational stress relates inversely to blood pressure, suggesting that familiarity with a job renders the demands made by the work environment more predictable and less threatening in terms of vasopressor response.
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PMID:Stress and hypertension. 229 81

A long-lasting decrease of the basal and stress-induced arterial blood pressure was obtained in rats with inherited emotional stress-induced hypertension by means of injections of the dopamine precursor L-DOPA during early postnatal ontogeny (21-25 days of the life). "Permanent" hypotensive effect of L-DOPA was caused by the elevation of the brain but not peripheral catecholamine levels and was not related to a stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system in response to administration of the dopamine precursor. The restoring effect of L-DOPA was produced through enhancement of synthesis of the brain noradrenaline and, perhaps, adrenaline. The effect was associated with a normalization of the response of the brain adrenergic system to noradrenaline.
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PMID:Correction of arterial blood pressure in adult rats with inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension by enhancement of catecholamine metabolism in early postnatal period. 236 63

This is a study of type A behavior pattern in patients with coronary heart diseases (CHD). Type A behavior pattern (coronary-prone behavior pattern) has been recognized as a risk factor for CHD in western countries. Three hundred patients with new onset of CHD (243 cases of acute myocardial infarction and 57 cases of unstable angina pectoris) between 1981 and 1987 were analysed from the standpoint of behavior pattern. Type A behavior pattern assessed by Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) was found in 64.6% of subjects and in 43.0% of healthy controls (p less than 0.05). Concerning occupational position, the majority of patients in the administrative class showed type A behavior pattern. Type A behavior pattern was not related with other traditional risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and smoking) and was related with angiographically documented severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Emotional stress load by mirror drawing test (MDT) evoked more elevation of blood pressure and plasma catecholamine level in type A patients than in type B patients. A follow-up of post CHD patients, whose occupational position belonged to the administrative class and/or whose work load did not decrease after CHD, modification of type A behavior pattern seemed to be difficult. In conclusion, we consider that type A behavior pattern exists also in Japanese CHD patients, and plays an important role in the development of CHD.
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PMID:Type A behavior pattern as a risk factor for coronary heart diseases. 239 27

A long-lasting decrease of the basal and stress-induced arterial blood pressure was obtained in rats with inherited emotional stress-induced arterial hypertension by means of injections of the dopamine precursor L-DOPA during early development (21-25 days after birth). The restoring effect of L-DOPA was produced through enhancement of synthesis of the brain noradrenaline and, perhaps, adrenaline. The effect was associated with a normalization of the response of the brain adrenergic system to noradrenaline and, presumably, with increase of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the cortex and hindbrain.
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PMID:Persistent hypotensive effect of L-dopa given early during development to rats with inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension. 256 97

To examine the effect of stressful life events and chronic emotional distress in the development of hypertension (HT), we have compared the blood pressure (BP) of 1150 Israelis (aged 50-80 years) who immigrated from Europe before the Second World War with 2159 Israelis who survived the Holocaust and came to Israel after the Second World War. Most of the subjects were examined as part of a periodical health examination offered by their employers. There were only minor differences in age, height, country of origin and level of education between the two groups. There was no difference in the prevalence of HT (lying systolic > or = 160 mmHg and/or diastolic > or = 95 mmHg and/or on antihypertensive medications) between the two immigration groups and a similar percentage of both groups were receiving treatment. Analyses of variance showed that age, sex and degree of obesity were the main factors contributing to the BP. Although the degree of emotional stress was greater in the Holocaust survivors, there was no correlation between level of emotional distress, satisfaction with life or number of psychosomatic complaints and level of BP or prevalence of HT.
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PMID:Hypertension in European immigrants to Israel: those who experienced the Holocaust and those who did not. 285 45

Evidence of a positive association between cardiovascular illness and psychological stress presented in the literature is generally not totally convincing, which in part is due to methodological problems in defining and measuring psychophysiological and psychosocial variables. However, both reports in the literature and the clinical experience of most physicians present numerous examples of sudden, unexpected cardiac death, in which the event in all probability has been either induced or hastened by stressful life experiences. This applies to fatal and non fatal cardiac attacks, since both are often preceded by emotional stress. There is pathoanatomical evidence of specific myocardial damage induced by catecholamine release during stressful emotions. Histochemical studies have revealed copious amounts of noradrenaline stored in myocardium especially in patients with ischaemic heart disease. Epidemiological surveys on the relationships between life-stress and coronary mortality and morbidity have demonstrated certain positive associations in many cross-sectional studies as well as in certain prospective studies. Most positive evidence has been accumulated from studies on the influence of loneliness on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Animal experiments have demonstrated repeatedly that psychological stress evoked by aversive sensoric stimuli or unsuccessful social striving induce cardiovascular pathology including myocardial damage, hypertension, vascular changes and increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
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PMID:Stress, coronary disease, and coronary death. 288 18

Chronic pain emotional stress (PES), paired action of the white noise and electric skin stimulation and chronic (during 7 months) ethanol consumption in white rats were shown to act in the same direction. Hypertension, decrease of respiratory rate and increase of Hildebrandt index were observed as a result of PES, ethanol consumption, and especially under PES during ethanol consumption. Ethanol consumption by the animals led to their growth retardation and increase of the spleen and heart mass. Accidental thymus involution was noted both under ethanol consumption and PES. Activation of lipid peroxidation and decrease of superoxide dismutase activity (of its mitochondrial form especially) as well as of Na+,K+-ATP-ase activity were observed in brain homogenates of the rats after PES, while the general ATP-ase activity remained unchanged. An increase of triiodothyronine level and the tendency to thyroxine level increase as well as a decrease of superoxide dismutase activity were observed in the blood serum of these animals. A tendency towards lipid peroxidation level decrease and to brain superoxide dismutase activity increase, as well as blood antioxidation activity increase (evaluated by transferrin and coeruloplasmin contents and by serum superoxide dismutase activity) and a decrease of thyroxine level were observed as a result of ethanol consumption. The mechanisms are discussed of the "anti-stress" action of short-term ethanol consumption and of the action of its chronic consumption, additive to PES.
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PMID:[Effect of chronic ethanol consumption on emotional stress in the white rat]. 294 40

Blood levels of the adenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), cortisol and insulin were measured in normal subjects and patients with different forms of coronary heart disease (CHD), aged 35 to 60 years and showing no signs of diabetes mellitus, obesity and arterial hypertension, under simulated emotional stress. The majority of the patients, particularly those with unfavorable course of the CHD, showed stress-induced disturbances of hormonal control due to depressed insulin levels in the presence of an insignificant ACTH increment and high cortisolemia. Hormonal rations were shown to be of predictive value in stress-exposed normal subjects and coronary patients alike.
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PMID:[Interaction of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol and insulin during emotional tension among ischemic heart disease patients]. 300 48


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