Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The umbilical vein may dilate as a collateral in portal venous hypertension and become visible within the echodense fat of the falciform ligament. The resulting "bull's-eye" appearance was visible in 5/47 (11%) of patients with cirrhosis secondary to alcohol abuse. It was not visualized in any patients with cholelithiasis who had no evidence of cirrhosis. When demonstrated by ultrasound, this finding should suggest portal venous hypertension.
 ...
PMID:The "bull's-eye" falciform ligament: a sonographic finding of portal hypertension. 738 92

A history of alcohol abuse associated with hypertension and chronic alcohol consumption is the leading cause of secondary cardiomyopathy. Both acute and chronic alcohol consumption precipitate arrhythmias. However moderate alcohol intake exerts a protective effect against coronary heart disease and stroke. Morbidity is lowest among light drinkers, slightly higher among lifelong abstainers and much higher among heavy drinkers. Magnesium deficiency is common among chronic alcoholics and frequent in Brazil. Magnesium therapy may have beneficial effects when there is excessive ethanol consumption.
 ...
PMID:[Cardiovascular impact of alcoholism]. 748 61

The aging process alone has no significant adverse consequences for the caloric intake and the nutritional status of healthy elderly individuals. Epidemiological data suggest that in humans, in contrast to rodents, undernutrition reduces the life span. In the Western World, malnutrition in old age has become uncommon and is, for the most part, the result of physical illness and/or of psychological and socio-economic factors, such as depressive disorders, social isolation, smoking, alcohol abuse, and poverty. Body weight shows a U- or J-shaped relationship to mortality risk with the highest survival rates found at normal to moderate overweight. However, studies that have controlled for disease already present, smoking status, serum cholesterol level, or hypertension, suggest an increased mortality risk for lower and upper extremes of body weight, only. Populations with healthy lifestyles have significantly greater life expectancy that the average normal population. Even in the very old, exercise has been shown to improve muscle strength and function. The studies suggest that nutritional intake and nutritional status in old age is multifactorial and dependent not only on appetite and availability of diverse food, but also on physical activity, body mass, education, and an involved social lifestyle.
 ...
PMID:Nutrition and its relationship to aging. 755 9

Cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse and stroke--the material consisted of 272 patients (169 men and 103) women aged between 25-65 years. There were 221 patients with ischemic stroke and 51 patients with haemorrhagic stroke. The control group consisted of 400 healthy subject of the same age and sex. In the stroke group excessive consumption of alcohol was reported by 61 patients (5 women and 56 men). Excessive smoking was reported by 130 patients (41 women and 89 men). It was found in both types of stroke alcohol was not an independent risk factor. In addition, the study revealed that alcohol and cigarette smoking did not increase the risk of developing stroke in patients with diabetes and hypertension. Excessive cigarette smoking was found however, to be an independent risk factor in haemorrhagic stroke.
 ...
PMID:[Cigarette smoking and alcohol abuse effects on stroke development]. 765 87

Chronic ethyl alcohol (ethanol) abuse is associated with different types of neurological involvement. Impaired blood pressure control such as in hypertension and/or orthostatic hypotension is a known autonomic dysfunction in chronic alcoholics. Although abstinence appears to improve blood pressure, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of alcohol remain unknown. We suspected that abnormal blood pressure might influence the outcome of alcohol-related neurological symptoms. We therefore reviewed the alcohol history of 28 male patients admitted to our hospital with multiple system involvement. No family history of spinocerebellar degeneration was found. All of the patients had a history of chronic alcohol abuse. The duration of alcohol abuse in 28 patients was 28.8 + 11.2 yrs. Daily ethanol consumption was less than 83 ml in 6 patients between 83 ml and 138 ml in 11 and more than 138 ml in 11. We assessed the relationship between impaired blood pressure control, clinical characteristics, and outcome after abstinence for a period ranging from 30 days to 6 years in 22 chronic alcoholics who had drunk more than 83 ml/day. All of the patients had various types of autonomic dysfunction, and a high incidence of impaired blood pressure control and decreased CVR-R were noted. The symptoms improved or even completely resolved after cessation of alcohol consumption, however, 8 of the 22 patients in our study reached a plateau and have permanent symptoms. Patients with no improvement as a result of abstinence had a long history of excessive drinking. Brain CT/MRI, SPECT and P300 studies were conducted. SPECT and P300 were performed in both the supine and standing position in 5 and 7 patients, respectively. Five patients who had severe orthostatic hypotension with syncope were found to have cerebrovascular lesions on MRI. Changes in P300 amplitude and/or distribution and latency were noted after a fall in blood pressure. Although the etiology of impaired blood pressure control in alcoholics remains unknown, we believe that abnormal blood pressure affects the outcome of alcohol-related neurological symptoms.
 ...
PMID:[Relationship between impaired blood pressure control and multiple system involvement in chronic alcoholics]. 766 12

Among hospitalized patients, it is estimated that between 20% and 35% have significant alcohol problems that remain largely undetected. Alcohol abuse is a risk factor for a variety of disorders, including diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal problems, hypertension, liver disease, and stroke. In an era of health care cost containment, early detection, intervention, and referral of alcohol-abusing or -dependent patients by the CNS may significantly impact the cost effectiveness of hospital care. In this article, a guideline is described that can be used by the CNS relative to the assessment, intervention, and referral of alcohol-abusing or -dependent patients in the general hospital setting.
 ...
PMID:Early detection and intervention for the hidden alcoholic: assessment guideline for the clinical nurse specialist. 770 65

We studied 3,942,868 Medicare patients (comprised of elderly and disabled) discharged with cardiovascular disease (CVD) during 1987, of which 41,095 (1%) had a drug disorder. Among this small subgroup, the percent of those overlapping with an alcohol and/or mental disorder is 33% for the elderly and 47% for the disabled. The presence of a drug disorder discharge diagnosis is associated with an excess of 329,650 days of hospital care and +174,498,071 in hospital charges as illustrated by a 51% increase in average annual days in the hospital for the elderly, and a similar 61% increase for the disabled. The concomitant increase in average annual discharges offers an explanation. Clinical progression in drug disorder severity (six categories were defined) is associated with increasing lengths of stay; for example, drug dependence comorbidities present longer lengths of stay than drug abuse comorbidities. Among the 12 categories of CVD defined, patients with rheumatic heart disease, hypertensive heart disease, hypertension, and other venous disorders were those whose length of stay experienced the largest percent increase when a drug disorder was present. When drug disorders compete with alcohol and/or mental disorders in a general linear model predicting average annual length of stay, they remain significant at the p < .001 level.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1995 Feb
PMID:Drug disorders and cardiovascular disease: the impact on annual hospital length of stay for the Medicare population. 776 47

Alcohol consumption has been recognized as an important correlate of blood pressure in many epidemiologic studies, but few interventional studies have been conducted to examine the effect of a reduction in alcohol intake on blood pressure. Because these studies have usually included few subjects and been of short duration, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and the Veterans Affairs (VA) Cooperative Studies Program have initiated a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial to determine whether blood pressure and left ventricular mass are lowered over 6 months of alcohol moderation in non-dependent moderate to heavy drinkers (three or more drinks per day average but not alcohol dependent) with above-average normal (80 to 89 mm Hg) and mildly hypertensive (90 to 99 mm Hg) levels of diastolic blood pressure, and whether a reduction in alcohol intake can be maintained for 2 years. Eligible veterans are randomized to either an alcohol reduction intervention or a control observation group at seven clinical sites. The projected sample size is 580 participants. Alcohol intake is assessed by self-report using a retrospective diary (Chronological Drinking Record) and by various biochemical markers, including apolipoproteins, HDL cholesterol (and subfractions), and carbohydrate deficient transferrin, analyzed at a central laboratory. The alcohol intervention technique is a cognitive-behavioral program, the intensive phase of which consists of six counseling sessions over 3 months. Echocardiograms are obtained at baseline and 6 months after randomization. This trial has important implications for both the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
 ...
PMID:Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension Study (PATHS). Rationale and design. 781 40

Stroke continues to have a great impact on public health in the United States. Stroke is frequent, recurring, and is more often disabling than fatal. The annual incidence of new strokes in the United States is nearly one half million, with over 3 million stroke survivors alive today. Identifying risk factors for initial ischemic stroke, as well as characterizing the determinants of outcome (stroke recurrence and mortality) after ischemic stroke, is the basis for stroke prevention strategies. Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for ischemic stroke have been identified and include age; gender; race/ethnicity; heredity; hypertension; cardiac disease, particularly atrial fibrillation; diabetes mellitus; hypercholesterolemia; cigarette smoking; and alcohol abuse. New risk factors, such as hypercoagulable states and patient foramen ovale, are currently being investigated. Follow-up studies have quantified case-fatality rates, early recurrence risk, and long-term mortality and recurrence risks. Despite advances in stroke prevention strategies and treatments, stroke recurrence is still the major threat to any stroke survivor. A major goal set by the Public Health Service in its National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives for the year 2000 is "to reduce stroke deaths to no more than 20 per 100,000." Part of this can be achieved if the risk of stroke recurrence is reduced. However, the frequency and determinants of stroke recurrence are poorly understood. Data from epidemiologic studies can help identify risk factors and outcomes after ischemic stroke, as well as the selection of high-risk individuals for focused risk-factor modification. Current information on these topics is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Risk factors and outcomes for ischemic stroke. 788 84

Studied in the course of one-stage epidemiologic survey of 1191 individuals were the threshold of gustatory sensitivity to table salt and nycterine natriuresis, relation of these indices to dietary habits, some risk factors for cardiovascular disorders and clinical parameters. Differing relations were established between gustatory sensitivity to table salt and natriuresis and age and gender of the examinees, the level of blood pressure, aggravated heredity in respect of arterial hypertension, smoking and alcohol abuse, this enabling one to embark upon a differential approach to dietetic correction of salt consumption.
 ...
PMID:[Taste receptor response to sodium chloride and natriuresis in the workers and employees of an industrial enterprise]. 797 51


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>