Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred physiological pregnant women and 76 pathological pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes and pregnancy-induced hypertension underwent a cardiotocographic examination during the course of routine diagnostic tests. The interpretation of cardiotocographic printouts was carried out using traditional as well as computerised methods. The outcome of these tests was then related to neonatal outcome and other parameters which contributed to defining the prognosis of pregnancy. Computerised analysis was found to provide a more reliable diagnosis in comparison to traditional methods in identifying those pregnancies with a pathological neonatal outcome. In particular, in the group of physiological pregnancies, computerised interpretation proved more reliable in 87.5% of cases in which neonatal outcome was pathological; on the contrary, traditional interpretations only revealed 37.5% of the same cases. In pathological pregnancies, automatic interpretation was also found to be more reliable in predicting the non-pathological outcomes, whereas traditional methods provided a high incidence of uncertain answers.
 ...
PMID:[Cardiotocographic monitoring of fetal health. Comparative evaluation of traditional and computerized methods]. 192 98

Analysis of the outcome of 26 sets of triplet and five sets of quadruplet pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization (IVF) shows an high incidence of antenatal complications including first trimester bleeding (53.3 and 80%), premature onset of labour (92.3 and 67%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (28.6 and 67%) and gestational diabetes mellitus (38.5 and 33%), respectively. Intra-uterine growth retardation occurred in 7.6 and 0%, while third trimester bleeding complicated 7.6 and 0% of triplet and quadruplet pregnancies, respectively. These patients were hospitalized for a mean of 22.9 +/- 19.4 and 56.0 +/- 30.5 days, respectively. The mean gestational age at delivery for triplet and quadruplet pregnancies was 31.8 +/- 2.7 and 30.3 +/- 0.6 weeks, while the mean birth weight was 1663 +/- 423 and 1232 +/- 181 g, respectively. These neonates stayed in the hospital for a mean of 28.1 +/- 16.2 and 69.6 +/- 15.5 days, respectively. The corrected perinatal mortality was 2.2% for triplets and 0% for quadruplets. These data can be used in counseling patients with triplet and quadruplet pregnancies especially those resulting from IVF.
 ...
PMID:Outcome of triplet and quadruplet pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization. 193 96

Women with GDM have a greater risk of developing diabetes in the future compared with those women who have normal glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Using life table techniques, 17 years after the initial diagnosis of GDM, 40% of women were diabetic compared with 10% in a matched control group of women who had normal glucose tolerance in pregnancy. The incidence of diabetes was higher among women who were older, more obese, of greater parity and with more severe degrees of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Diabetes also occurred more commonly among women who had a first-degree relative who was diabetic, in women born in Mediterranean and East Asian countries, and in those who had GDM in two or more pregnancies. Despite differing testing techniques and varying criteria for the diagnosis of GDM, follow-up studies from across the world consistently show a higher rate of subsequent diabetes among GDM mothers. NIDDM is associated with increased morbidity and a higher mortality rate, especially in women. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading causes of death. High lipid levels, hypertension and obesity are often already present when diabetes is diagnosed and may antedate the development of overt diabetes; treatment of diabetes at this stage may therefore be too late to prevent complications occurring. A follow-up programme for women with GDM facilitates screening of a group known to be at increased risk of developing diabetes so that the diagnosis can be made before associated risk factors for complications develop. Intervention in the form of counselling regarding cigarette smoking, exercise and a healthy, high-residue, unrefined carbohydrate, low cholesterol diet, given together with weight monitoring, may prevent the onset of both diabetes and its associated cerebrovascular and cardiovascular problems.
 ...
PMID:Long-term implications of gestational diabetes for the mother. 195 23

Current recommendations for appropriate weight gain in pregnancy suggest an optimum of 120% of ideal body weight (IBW) at delivery. This represents an increase of approximately 24 pounds in the normal weight woman and even the obese patient (more than 135% IBW) is told to gain 16 pounds. Information concerning gestational weight gain in the morbidly obese woman (more than 160% IBW) has not been reported. We evaluated 40 morbidly obese pregnant women for maternal morbidity relative to gestational weight gain. No correlation was found between maternal weight gain and the development of gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, incompetent cervix, or intrauterine growth retardation. The incidence of primary cesarean delivery was statistically greater in those women gaining more than 24 pounds (p less than 0.05). It appears that current recommendations for gestational weight gain in the morbidly obese are excessive and may result in increased maternal risk.
 ...
PMID:Effects of gestational weight gain in morbidly obese women: I. Maternal morbidity. 198 61

Obstetric outcome in 88 women with a past history of three or more consecutive pregnancy losses was studied. The results were compared to those in our total obstetric population for the same period (control group). The incidence of small-for-gestational-age infants, prematurity, low-birth-weight infants and toxemia in the study group was not significantly different from that in the control group. Gestational diabetes and chronic hypertension, however, occurred more frequently in the study group than in the control group (P less than .001). These data could be helpful in counseling women with repeated pregnancy loss.
 ...
PMID:Obstetric outcome in women after multiple spontaneous abortions. 203 Apr 89

Three hundred and five pregnant women referred consecutively from a single antenatal clinic for imaging ultrasound after 26 weeks' gestation had doppler velocimetry of umbilical artery, uterine artery and umbilical vein. Results of doppler studies were not available to clinicians until after delivery and clinical case records were examined postpartum for the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) or gestational diabetes mellitus (DM) and for fetal outcome. Accurate data were available for 272 women, of whom 167 had a normal pregnancy, 61 had or developed PIH and 44 had or developed DM. None of the various doppler velocimetry measurements differed significantly amongst these 3 groups at any gestational stage. Abnormal values for doppler systolic: diastolic (A/B) ratio were found in only 7% of umbilical artery measurements, 6% of uterine artery measurements and none of umbilical vein measurements. Specificity of abnormal results for PIH or DM was high (95-97%) but sensitivity low (16-17%) and positive and negative predictive values were generally low. Two perinatal deaths occurred and umbilical artery A/B ratio was abnormal in both cases. This study shows that there is a low yield of abnormal results for doppler velocimetry of umbilical artery, uterine artery or umbilical vein in routine antenatal screening.
 ...
PMID:Uteroplacental Doppler ultrasound in routine antenatal care. 208 83

We analysed 216 patients with gestational diabetes over a 3 year period. These patients were managed by a diabetic team under a standardised protocol. Forty percent of these patients required insulin therapy. The incidence of pregnancy hypertension was 14.4%, macrosomia 8.8% and major congenital malformation 3.7%. The Caesarean Section rate was 34% and the overall Perinatal Mortality Rate was 1.9%. However, neonatal morbidity rate remained high--44% of infants have had one neonatal complication and 17.6% had 2 or more complications. Pregnancy outcome was further analysed among patients with different degrees of glucose intolerance at diagnosis. We noted that both macrosomic rate, neonatal morbidity rate, as well as proportion of patients requiring insulin were higher in the group with a higher degree of glucose intolerance. There was, however, no difference in incidence of hypertension or hydramnios in the different subgroups.
 ...
PMID:Management and outcome of gestational diabetes in Alexandra Hospital, Singapore. 222 3

The rationale for the use of exercise in the treatment of type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes and its special implications for Blacks are reviewed herein. When performed on a regular basis, exercise may improve glycemic control and improve several risk factors for coronary heart disease including hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and hyperinsulinemia. In addition, it may be a useful adjunct to diet in producing weight loss. The metabolic benefits of exercise in part appear to be related to its ability to enhance insulin sensitivity. Benefits are short lived after discontinuing exercise. Because of problems with compliance and concurrent medical problems, many patients with type II diabetes are not good candidates for an exercise-diet program. For this reason, the optimum target population may be people at risk for type II diabetes and premature atherosclerosis. Such a population might include the offspring of patients with these disorders and individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, gestational diabetes, and/or an android pattern of fat distribution. Type II diabetes is more common in Blacks than in the general population. In most instances, it is associated with cardiovascular risk factors benefited by exercise. Despite this, there are no available studies regarding the effects of regular exercise in Blacks with type II diabetes or those at risk for it.
 ...
PMID:Exercise in therapy and prevention of type II diabetes. Implications for blacks. 226 37

In a long-term longitudinal study of gestational diabetes mellitus in Black women, risk factors that were identified were age, obesity, a family history of diabetes, and the presence of hypertension. Poor predictors were a history of a previous large-for-date infant, parity, and age at first pregnancy. The prevalence of smooth muscle and nuclear autoantibodies was higher in gestational diabetic subjects. Gestational diabetic subjects who required insulin for glycemic control were more obese, had a lower frequency of the Bf-F phenotype and a higher frequency of the Bf-F1 phenotype, and had a lower frequency of the type 2 allele at the polymorphic locus adjacent to the insulin gene. Restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms flanking the insulin and apolipoprotein A-I and C-III genes, although not associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, may be associated with hyperlipidemia and subsequent atherosclerosis.
 ...
PMID:Risk factors for gestational diabetes in black population. 226 42

We followed patients with pregnancy and diabetes in an outpatient clinic. 240 had gestational diabetes, 16 had type II and 5 type I diabetes. 85% of 110 patients with gestational diabetes had normal glucose tolerance test post partum (AGT). Type I patients were younger (25 years old) than AGT (32) or type II (33) patients. Complications frequently observed among diabetics included hypertension, premature membrane rupture and polyhydroamnios (the latter only among AGT and type II patients). Insulin was required for diabetes control in 14% of cases. Cesarean section was more frequent in diabetics than in a control population (21%): AGT 45%, type II 45% and type I 60%. Larger newborns occurred in 21% of AGT and 22% of type II as compared to 6% in controls. Neonatal mortality was 2.1% in AGT patients (0.8% in controls). Hyperbilirrubinemia, polyglobulia and hypocalcemia were more frequent among newborns of diabetic patients.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical experience in diabetes and pregnancy]. 251 61


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>