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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experimentally-induced acute angiotensin hypertension has been shown to increase the permeability of cardial arteries and arterioles to plasma components within a few hours. Only in one of the coronary arteries was an increased and focal permeability for plasma components demonstrated, the penetration taking place into the entire thickness of the vessel wall. However, the permeability observed in intramyocardial small arteries and arterioles showed a distinct deposition of plasma components, both in the tunica intima and the tunica media and usually in the entire circumference of the vessels. The results support the view that an increased arterial permeability of the myocardial vessels for plasma components is an important initial stage in the development of hypertensive vascular disease of the heart.
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PMID:Acute hypertensive damage of arterial vessels of the heart. 69 20

3-Hydrazino-6-[N,N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-pyridazine (L 6150) has been reported as an antihypertensive vasodilator drug. We determined antihypertensive effect of L 6150 for 11 weeks in spontaneously hypertension due to clipping (CLIP). The effects of hydralazine (HZ) and ecarazine (EZ) were also determined for comparison. L 6150, HZ, and EZ showed antihypertensive effects in SHR, DOC and CLIP hypertensive rats. These drugs increased heart rate in SHR and DOC rats. In CLIP hypertension heart rate tended to be higher for 9--10 weeks after the treatments. These treatments diminished incidence of the vascular disease in DOC and CLIP. We also determined renal effects of L 6150, HZ and EZ in normal rats. These drugs decreased urine volume, and excretion of osmotically active solutes, Cl, Na, and K for 180 min after bicarbonate saline load. It is concluded that L 6150 is an antihypertensive drug with characteristics of the vasodilator in rats.
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PMID:Antihypertensive and antidiuretic effects of 3-hydrazino-6-[N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amino]-pyridazine (L 6150) in rats. 70 44

Five cases of expulsive hemorrhage occurring over a period of one year were reviewed. Two cases occurred during a trabeculectomy procedure. There appear to be multiple factors playing a role in the etiology of expulsive hemorrhage. There was not a single common factor among these 5 cases, except for the conjectural presence of some kind of vascular disease. However, there were some important factors that may have played a role such as glaucoma, hypertension, vascular disease, and general anesthesia (and sudden decompression of the globe).
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PMID:Expulsive hemorrhage: report of five cases. 73 15

Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type is becoming one of the most common of the malignant diseases as our society ages. Currently, research has identified several pathophysiological changes, including the bihelical filament and the loss of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase from the cortex. Although genetic factors play some role in this disease, the important environmental risk factors have not yet been identified and there is, at present, no specific treatment. The second most common cause of dementia, cerebrovascular disease, produces dementia only when there is destruction of brain tissue, as in individuals who have multiple strokes or who have hypertensive vascular disease leading to multiple lacunae. In both multi-infarct dementia and in the lacunar state, hypertension appears to play a greater role than it does in other forms of vascular disease. Many of the other causes of dementia, including normal pressure hydrocephalus, CNS infections or tumors, metabolic disorders produced by thiamine or vitamin B12 deficiency or thyroid dysfunction, are often reversible. Every patient, whatever the age, with a developing dementia deserves a thorough workup to identify these treatable disorders.
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PMID:Dementias. 75 96

A 10-year-old girl had arterial hypertension, generalized neurofibromatosis, coarctation of the abdominal aorta and multiple stenoses at the origin of each renal artery. After resection of the stenotic areas and reimplantation of the renal arteries in the aorta, her arterial pressure decreased substantially. However, hypertension recurred and radiologic follow-up 4 1/2 years later showed distinct progression of the coarctation and renewed stenosis of all renal arteries at their origin. The stenotic areas showed eccentric intimal proliferation, frequently bulging into the lumen, with small nodular aggregates of smooth muscle cells and proliferation of fibrous tissue containing spindle-shaped nuclei in a palisading pattern. Hypertension associated with neurofibromatotic vascular disease has been described in 47 other patients in the literature. These patients have been young (mean age, 14 years) and predominantly male. In contrast to fibromuscular dysplasia, in which 95% of all stenoses are found in the distal two thirds of the renal arteries, in vascular neurofibromatosis more than 50% of the stenoses are found at the origin.
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PMID:Arterial hypertension and neurofibromatosis: renal artery stenosis and coarctation of abdominal aorta. 81 Feb 39

Inbred Carworth Farms Nelson (CFN) congenitally hyperlipidemic rats had significantly shorter coagulation and prothrombin times and higher levels of coagulation factors, II, V, VII, VIII, and X than did controls. Conversely, congenitally hypolipidemic rats of the same strain had significantly longer coagulation and prothrombin times and lower levels of factors II, V, VII, X and XII and of blood platelets than did controls. A loop-shaped polyethylene cannula was inserted into the aorta to assess the potential for thrombosis. The hyperlipidemic group obstructed this significantly faster and the hypolipidemic group slower than did the controls. Normal CFN rats made hypertensive by unilateral renal artery clip developed hypertension together with significantly elevated serum cholesterol and factor VII and X levels. Rhesus monkeys with diet-induced hyperlipidemia showed shorter prothrombin times and higher factor X levels than did controls on normal diet. By selective breeding, two groups of squirrel monkeys were obtained. Both groups had similar serum cholesterol levels on a normal diet but one group (hyperresponders) showed higher serum cholesterol levels on a cholesterol-containing diet than did the other (hyporesponder) group. Both groups showed significantly elevated levels of factors II, V, VII, IX and X on a cholesterol-containing diet. There was good correlation between the levels of many coagulation factors and serum cholesterol in both rats and monkeys. If thrombosis is important in the genesis of atherosclerosis, these findings could indicate that elevation of plasma lipids may play a role, via the coagulation pathway, in the production of human vascular disease.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemia, hypercoagulability, and accelerated thrombosis: studies in congenitally hyperlipidemic rats and in rats and monkeys with induced hyperlipidemia. 81 75

Hypertension is associated with an increased incidence of generalized vascular disease. Antihypertensive drug therapy, while decreasing overall mortality due to cerebral hemorrhage, myocardial hypertrophy or renal failure, paradoxically does not appear to reduce the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis. This study investigates whether the drugs, as a possible side effect, may have an adverse influence on the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Groups of rabbits were fed an atherogenic diet containing 1% cholesterol for 12 weeks. Two commonly used antihypertensive agents (methyldopa and chlorthalidone) were added to the diet of some groups at levels of 100 mg and 10 mg per day respectively. No significant increase in total atherosclerotic plaque area was produced by either of the drugs tested singly or in combination. Plasma renin levels were only mildly elevated and in this experimental system there was no correlation between renin activity and atherosclerotic plaque intensity. There is thus no evidence from this study that antihypertensive drugs have any adverse effects on atherosclerotic plaque formation. While the ineffectiveness of these drugs against coronary atherosclerosis may indicate that normalization of pressure cannot arrest changes already initiated, it also supports the possibility that association of atherosclerosis with hypertension may be symptomatic of a common underlying defect not correlated by normalizing blood pressure.
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PMID:Anti-inflammatory agents in experimental atherosclerosis. Part 2. Failure of antihypertensive drugs to exacerbate atherosclerotic plaque formation. 83 50

Five patients with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage with intact atrial septum are described. In two patients, pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary vascular disease developed. Both had one or more right pulmonary veins draining anomalously to the right superior vena cava. It is postulated that a combination of increased pulmonary blood flow and reflex pulmonary vascular changes contributes to the production of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease.
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PMID:Isolated partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage associated with pulmonary vascular obstructive disease. 84 64

Following the induction of three different forms of experimental hypertension, deposits of amyloid were found in the spleens of 5-20 per cent of the mice late in the course of the hypertension, Amyloidosis was found in nude (with genetical aplasia of the thymus) as well as in haired (normal) mice. The highest frequency of amyloidosis was observed in mice with hypertension due to partial infarction of one kidney and contralateral nephrectomy. The hypertensive vascular disease, involving lesion of the vessels and of the organs supplied by the affected vessels, is believed, to represent a stimulus for the reticulo endothelial system (RES) with development of amyloidosis as a secondary event.
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PMID:Occurrence of amyloidosis secondary to the induction of experimental hypertension in mice. 84 92

A case of gallbladder infarction, occurring in a 34-year old man with severe hypertension is described, with uneventful recovery following cholecystectomy. In the absence of other obvious etiologic factors, the gallbladder infarction is presumed to be directly related to hypertensive vascular disease. Infarction of the gallbladder is rare; a few cases associated with hypertension have been previously reported. Other types of vascular disease including embolization, thrombosis complicating atherosclerosis and celiac angiography, polyarteritis nodosa, occlusion following torsion and cystic vein thrombosis have been reported to cause gallbladder infarction.
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PMID:Infarction of the gallbladder: a complication of hypertension. Case report. 86 44


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