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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral contraceptive agents are expected to be legalized in Japan in the near future. Although pills are more convenient and effective than other methods used in Japan such as condom (73%), IUD (12.4%) and Ogino Method (11.0%), they are not safe for many women. Neither will legalization of pills necessarily reduce the number of abortions. The abortion rate per 1000 women aged 15-44 is 29.3 in America where pills are legal, and 22.5 in Japan where they are illegal. Steroid hormones affect the overall physical and mental functioning of the human body. Pill-users who are near 40 and/or smokers may have such side-effects as high blood pressure, cerebrovascular-related syndrome, and thrombosis. Among very young pill users, side-effects include temporary amenorrhea after stopping pills, 4 times more cases of thrombosis triggered by emergency operations on appendixes and fractured bones, and development of uterine myoma. Side effects are more prevalent among those who have a family history of diabetes, circulatory organ dysfunction, high blood pressure, breast or ovarian cancer. Minor side-effects include weight increase, nausea, blemishes, acne and pigmentation.
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PMID:[Oral contraceptive agents]. 364 11

It was shown that the risk for endometrial cancer development in uterine myoma increases 43-fold in cases of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity, 20-fold in adnexitis, 15-fold in hyperplastic endometrial lesions and 9.8-fold in the multipara.
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PMID:[Risk factors for the development of endometrial cancer in uterine myoma]. 402 48

Patients with endometrial carcinoma (N = 1113) were treated by conventional therapy, using surgery and radiotherapy, complemented by daily administration of 100 mg oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for a 2-year period. Only 7.3% of the malignancies were at an advanced clinical stage (III or IV), whereas 75.9 and 16.8% of the carcinomas were detected at clinical stages I and II, respectively. The 5-year survival rate was 71.0% overall, and 77.8%, 61.0, 29.0, and 5.3 for clinical stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Patients with anaplastic carcinoma (grade 3) at all clinical stages had significantly lower survival rates than had patients with well-differentiated (grade 1) and moderately differentiated (grade 2) adenocarcinomas. Death of grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 endometrial carcinoma during the first 2 years occurred in 4.7, 6.8, and 18.2% of cases, respectively, in stage II, indicating that adjuvant MPA cannot totally prevent the progression of endometrial malignancy. The incidence of anaplastic endometrial carcinoma increased with the spread of the disease. It often appeared in patients with low body weight or a second invasive malignancy, but seldom occurred in young patients or patients with diabetes, uterine myoma, or a history of previous estrogen use. The worsened prognosis associated with old age, low body weight, and presence of a second invasive malignancy thus seems at lest partly due to the increased incidence of anaplastic carcinoma, which, on the other hand, did not contribute to the decreased 5-year survival rate of patients with diabetes or severe hypertension.
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PMID:Clinical outcome in endometrial cancer. 621 34

In this case-control study, the authors analyzed associations of uterine leiomyoma with atherogenic risk factors and potential sources of uterine irritation. The study included 318 case women with uterine leiomyoma that was first confirmed between 1990 and 1993 in the Baltimore, Maryland, area and 394 controls selected from women visiting the same gynecologists' offices for routine reasons. Telephone interviews were conducted with 77.8% of eligible cases and 78.0% of eligible controls. Compared with participants with no hypertension history, increased risks were observed among participants with any history of hypertension (odds ratio (OR) = 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0, 2.8), hypertension requiring medication (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 4.1), hypertension diagnosed at ages less than 35 years (for hypertension requiring medication, OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.0, 7.6), and hypertension of 5 or more years' duration (for hypertension requiring medication, OR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.2, 8.2). Estimates of associations with diabetes history were very imprecise but followed similar patterns. Adjusted associations were observed with pelvic inflammatory disease (three or more episodes vs. none: OR = 3.7; 95% CI: 0.9, 15.9), chlamydial infection (history vs. no history: OR = 3.2; 95% CI: 0.8, 13.7), and use of an intrauterine device when it caused infectious complications (use vs. no use: OR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.8, 16.3). Risk of uterine leiomyoma was also associated in a graded fashion with frequency of perineal talc use (daily use vs. no use: OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.4, 3.1). The authors conclude that nonhormonal factors may influence risk of uterine leiomyoma.
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PMID:Risk factors for uterine leiomyoma: a practice-based case-control study. II. Atherogenic risk factors and potential sources of uterine irritation. 1179 Jun 83

A retrospective study to determine the incidence, clinical presentation and management of uterine fibromyoma at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Five hundred and sixty-nine consecutive cases of histologically confirmed uterine fibroid over a ten-year period were reviewed. Uterine fibromyoma constituted 13.4% of gynaecological admission and was responsible for 26.2% of major gynaecological surgery. Majority of the patients (78.4%) were aged between 30 and 44 years and 60.8% were of low parity (0-2). The common presentations were menstrual disorders (64.3%), infertility (56.2%) and lower abdominal swelling (35.5%). Hypertension was present in 26.5% and 42% were obese. Pelvic adhesion was noted in 58.9% of patients. Total abdominal hysterectomy was the surgical procedure in 52% of cases. Pyrexia (32.5%), Anaemia (29.3%), Prolonged hospital stay (24.1%) and Wound infection (20.2%) were the common postoperative morbidities. Fibromyoma at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital follows a pattern similar to other parts of the world. It is responsible for a number of gynaecological complaints. Surgery still remains the main mode of treatment.
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PMID:Uterine fibroids: a ten-year clinical review in Ilorin, Nigeria. 1207 94

We examined the relationships between the incidence of noncancer diseases and atomic bomb radiation dose using the longitudinal data for about 10,000 Adult Health Study (AHS) participants during 1958-1998. The current report updates the analysis we presented in 1993 with 12 additional years of follow-up. In addition to the statistically significant positive linear dose-response relationships detected previously for the incidence of thyroid disease (P < 0.0001), chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (P = 0.001), and uterine myoma (P < 0.00001), we also found a significant positive dose response for cataract (P = 0.026), a negative linear dose-response relationship for glaucoma (P = 0.025), and significant quadratic dose-response relationships for hypertension (P = 0.028) and for myocardial infarction among survivors exposed at less than 40 years of age (P = 0.049). Significant radiation effects for calculus of the kidney and ureter were evident for men but not for women (test of heterogeneity by sex: P = 0.007). Accounting for smoking and drinking did not alter the results. Radiation effects for cataract, glaucoma, hypertension, and calculus of the kidney and ureter in men are new findings. These results attest to the need for continued follow-up of the aging A-bomb survivors to fully elucidate the effects of radiation exposure on the occurrence of noncancer diseases.
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PMID:Noncancer disease incidence in atomic bomb survivors, 1958-1998. 1516 58

A 44-year-old woman who had been suffering for 10 years from amenorrhea and hyperprolactinemia resistant to high doses of bromocriptine was hospitalized with erythrocytosis, normal serum erythropoietin (sEpo) levels, and hypertension. Erythrocytosis secondary to uterine myoma and a prolactin-secreting pituitary microadenoma were initially diagnosed. The hyperprolactinemia was bromocriptine resistant, despite gradual increase of the dosage to 30 mg/day. Both hyperprolactinemia and erythrocytosis unexpectedly regressed completely after the patient underwent hysterectomy for a uterine fibroid 9 months after the erythrocytosis was first disclosed. Given the well-known effects of prolactin on hematopoietic cells, we hypothesize that--in this very unusual case--the two main, apparently unrelated abnormalities (erythrocytosis with normal sEpo levels and hyperprolactinemia) may have been the clinical consequence of the functional redundancy and pleiotropy of the "pituitary" hormone prolactin, inappropriately secreted by a uterine fibroid for more than 10 years.
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PMID:Complete remission of hyperprolactinemia and erythrocytosis after hysterectomy for a uterine fibroid in a woman with a previous diagnosis of prolactin-secreting pituitary microadenoma. 1559 45

The uterus and the heart share a common structure and may remodel in a similar fashion, albeit temporally distinct. The authors investigated the prevalence of systemic hypertension in women with uterine leiomyomata (fibroids) and compared the prevalence in women undergoing hysterectomy for other reasons as well as in age-matched women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III). A total of 584 women, 205 with leiomyomata in 1999 (group A) and 379 who underwent hysterectomy for a variety of reasons in 2000 (group B) at Advocate Christ Medical Center were included. Presence of leiomyomata was confirmed by pathology. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure > or = 140/90 mm Hg or history of hypertension with or without medication use. The prevalence of hypertension in group A and B patients with leiomyomata compared with NHANES III overall was 48.6% vs. 24% (p<0.001), in African Americans 55.5% vs. 32.4% (p<0.001), and in Caucasians 51.1% vs. 23.3% (p<0.001). Leiomyomata were more frequent among hypertensive than normotensive women (57% vs. 27%). Caucasian and African-American women with leiomyomata were significantly younger and more likely to use hormone replacement therapy than others. Thus there appears to be an association between leiomyomata and hypertension, which needs to be explored in future prospective trials.
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PMID:Systemic hypertension among women with uterine leiomyomata: potential final common pathways of target end-organ remodeling. 1627 24

The pseudo- Meigs syndrome is defined as a pelvic tumour, other than the ovarian fibroma complicated with ascites and hydrothorax that can be recovered after the tumour is surgically extirpated. The uterine leiomyoma is an extremely rare cause of this syndrome, only 24 cases have been recorded so far, most of them presenting hydropic degeneration or necrosis. The case exposed by us, a 50- year old obese,with nanism woman, presented clinical, biological and imaging characteristics of the syndrome; moreover, she had arterial high blood pressure for more than five years, fact that didn't need postoperative treatment. She was sent to the ER because she had severe respiratory insufficiency, arterial high blood pressure, tachycardia and, at the clinical examination, she presented massive right hydrothorax, ascites, and pelvic tumour. The biologic explorations (the benign cytology in the pleural liquid and ascites, CA-125 with ten times the normal value) and the imagery completed the picture of a Meigs/ pseudo-Meigs syndrome that implied the laparotomy. The H-P examination and the postoperative evolution confirmed the diagnosis. We presented this case in order to emphasize both its rarity and its real positive and differential diagnosis problems.
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PMID:[Pseudo-Meigs syndrome, a rare variant]. 1675 89

The incidence of uterine fibroid tumors increases as women grow older, and they may occur in more than 30 percent of women 40 to 60 years of age. Risk factors include nulliparity, obesity, family history, black race, and hypertension. Many tumors are asymptomatic and may be diagnosed incidentally. Although a causal relationship has not been established, fibroid tumors are associated with menorrhagia, pelvic pain, pelvic or urinary obstructive symptoms, infertility, and pregnancy loss. Transvaginal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, sonohysterography, and hysteroscopy are available to evaluate the size and position of tumors. Ultrasonography should be used initially because it is the least invasive and most cost-effective investigation. Treatment options include hysterectomy, myomectomy, uterine artery embolization, myolysis, and medical therapy. Treatment must be individualized based on such considerations as the presence and severity of symptoms, the patient's desire for definitive treatment, the desire to preserve childbearing capacity, the importance of uterine preservation, infertility related to uterine cavity distortions, and previous pregnancy complications related to fibroid tumors.
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PMID:Uterine fibroid tumors: diagnosis and treatment. 1755 38


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