Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence of medical diseases in surgical patients was assessed using data gathered from 5944 consecutive anaesthetics. Medical disease which might affect anaesthetic management was present in 23.2% of patients. The commonest diseases were hypertension, anaemia, chronic obstructive airway disease, diabetes mellitus, and pulmonary tuberculosis. No significant difference was detected in sex incidence for ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. There was a disproportionate preponderance of males with respiratory diseases. It is suggested that anaesthetics should be administered only by qualified anaesthetists, that the establishment of anaesthetic outpatient clinics is desirable, and that internal medicine should be included in anaesthetic training.
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PMID:Medical diseases in surgical patients in Hong Kong. 670 13

A 32 year old man was admitted for dyspnea, hemoptysis, macroscopic hematuria, hypertension (140/100), peripheral edema and hemodynamic decompensation. Lung Xrays revealed pulmonary edema and a cavity in the left apex. Laboratory determinations revealed an altered renal function with increased creatinine and urea levels and nephrotic syndrome. There was leucocyturia, hematuria and cylindruria. The sputum showed a large number of acid-fast bacilli. The patient began anti-tuberculosis treatment with three drugs (isoniacid, rifampicin, pirazinamide). On ultrasonography, both kidneys revealed ecogenic lesions with size, shape and cortico-medular relationship preserved. The patient persisted with altered renal function, steady levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine and potassium, preserved diuresis and hypertension. Bidimensional echocardiogram: LVDD 55 mm, hypoquinetic septum, pericardic effusion, thickened pericardium, pleural effusion, shortening fraction decreased. He received treatment for this congestive cardiac failure and hypertension with enalapril, nifedipine and fursemide. A percutaneous renal biopsy was performed with anatomopathologic diagnosis of diffuse encocapillar proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescents (15%) and total glomerular sclerosis (33%). Immunofluorescence: positive, immune-complexes with IgM and C3. The patient gradually recovered his normal renal function, improved his pleural effusions and normalized his cardiac function. He was discharged in good clinical condition on the 69th day of anti-tuberculosis treatment. An association between pulmonary tuberculosis and glomerulonephritis is discussed. It is proposed that renal lesions might be the consequence of the tuberculosis due to the sedimentation of circulating immune-complexes.
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PMID:[Immune complex glomerulonephritis associated with pulmonary tuberculosis]. 785 90

A medical examination of 932 Vietnamese refugees was conducted within 1 month of their resettlement in Japan between 1989 and 1991. A variety of abnormalities were detected, including parasitic disease (78% prevalence), anemia (12%), HBsAg positive state (14%), liver dysfunction (10%), hypertension (0.8%), active pulmonary tuberculosis (2%) and syphilis (0.7%). These rates were still as high as the prevalence in previous studies of earlier immigrants from Vietnam. The high frequency of infectious diseases in recent Vietnamese refugees compared with the Japanese community leads to a recommendation for continuing medical examinations and treatment for new Vietnamese refugees.
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PMID:Health problems among Vietnamese refugees resettled in Japan. 793 34

The authors report the case of a 60-year-old white man with a previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis, smoking habits, hypertension, intermittent claudication and erythromelalgia, admitted to our ward with an ischemic cerebral event. Initial laboratory evaluation documented thrombocytosis (platelet-950000/mm3) and discrete anemia. Additional studies confirmed the diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia, meeting all the criteria proposed by the Polycythemia Vera Study Group in 1986, after exclusion of the possible causes of reactive thrombocytosis. Therapy was initiated with alpha-2b interferon (3 MU/m2 subcutaneously three times a week) and aspirin. Platelet count control was obtained and the patient remained asymptomatic. Nine months later cutaneous toxicity obliged the discontinuance of alpha-interferon. Due to a continuous increase of platelet count, hydroxyurea was introduced. The patient is asymptomatic, with platelet counts < 500000/mm3, without toxicity manifestations, two years after diagnosis. The contribution of cardiovascular risk factors versus thrombocythemia in the pathogenesis of the ischemic cerebral event and the benefit of platelet count control are discussed.
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PMID:[Essential thrombocythemia. Apropos a case of cerebrovascular stroke]. 828 17

A cross sectional study on ceramics workers in the Seto area of Japan was conducted to determine whether there are differences in the morbidity pattern and overall health among the working populations employed by different sized companies engaged in the ceramics industry. The study population consisted of 3324 male ceramics workers (age range 40-69) who participated in the Seto occupational health screening programme in 1990. The prevalences of pulmonary diseases (silicosis and tuberculosis) and findings of some nonpulmonary diseases were compared in terms of company size by categories of 1-19, 20-49, 50-99, and 100 or more employees. The values of various screening tests were subjected to principle component analysis to extract factors representing key indices of health state. The average factor scores stratified by company size were used to quantitatively evaluate the comprehensive health level. Both prevalence and multivariate analysis showed that the employees working for smaller companies had overall worse health. The smaller the company, the higher the prevalence and the lower the health scores for silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis tended to be; significantly increased rates and lower health scores for hypertension, anaemia, and glucosuria among small companies were also found when compared with larger companies. The high morbidity of silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis in smaller companies contributed most to the decline in the overall health level.
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PMID:Comprehensive health evaluation of workers in the ceramics industry. 843 43

In recent years, homelessness has been recognized as a growing urban social problem in various countries throughout the world. The health problems of the homeless are considerable. The purpose of this study was to elicit, with sociodemographic profiles, the disease patterns among Tokyo's homeless. The subjects were 1,938 men who stayed at a welfare institution from 1992 to 1996. Diagnosed diseases/injuries and sociodemographic profiles were analyzed. The disease patterns of the homeless were compared to those of the male general population. Of the subjects, 8.3% were admitted to the hospital; 64.0% received outpatient care. Their observed morbidity rates by disease category were greater than those of the male general population in both Japan and Tokyo. Comorbidity of alcoholic psychosis/alcohol-dependent syndrome to both liver disease and pulmonary tuberculosis were greater than the average (P < .01). Construction work brought a higher risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (odds ratio = 2.0) and dorsopathies (odds ratio = 1.4) than did other jobs (P < .05). Disease patterns among the homeless in Tokyo were characterized by alcoholic psychosis/alcohol-dependence syndrome; liver disease; pulmonary tuberculosis; diabetes mellitus; fractures, dislocations, sprains, strains; hypertension; and cerebrovascular disease. Although the sociodemographic backgrounds of Tokyo's homeless have become more diverse, the principal occupation of the homeless was unskilled daily construction work, which underlay the characteristics of their disease patterns.
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PMID:Disease patterns of the homeless in Tokyo. 1009 Nov 92

During the period from July 1995 to June 1996 we performed transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on 824 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Among them, 13 were dementia patients between 74 and 96 years old; they presented with urinary hesitancy in 6, retention in 4, frequency in 2 and incontinence in 1 patient. Past history included stroke in 7, hypertension in 6, pulmonary tuberculosis in 4, diabetes in 3, asthma in 2, angina pectoris in 1, Parkinson's disease in 1, pneumonia in 1, and hepatitis in 1. Careful preoperative examination revealed that they were proper candidates for TURP. They underwent TURP under spinal anesthesia. The mean operative time was 34 min, ranging from 20 to 60 min. The adenoma resected weighed 24 g on the average, ranging from 7.5 to 48 g. During surgery, although hypotension was noted in 2 patients, there was no serious morbidity. Their mental condition was well controlled with ketamine and diazepam during and after surgery. Postoperative complications included acute myocardial infarction in 1, multiple gastric ulcer in 1, and decubitus in 1. None died within 3 months after TURP, 3 died there after, and 10 patients were alive at the mean follow-up period of 26 months. Six patients reported good urination, 3 reported some improvement in urination after surgery, although requiring intermittent catheterization and 1 developed mild incontinence. In conclusion, TURP appears to provide some benefit in selected patients with dementia and should not be considered to be a contraindication for such patients.
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PMID:[Transurethral resection of the prostate for patients with dementia]. 1036 42

The study was conducted from November 1995 to May 1996 at the one general hospital in Seoul. The total subjects of this study were 412 patients who have the experience of fall accident, among them 31 was who have fallen during hospitalization and 381 was who visited emergency room and out patient clinic. The purposes of this study were to determine the characteristics, risk factors and results of fall accident and to suggest the nursing strategies for prevention of fall. Data were collected by reviewing the medical records and interviewing with the fallers and their family members. For data analysis spss/pc+ program was utilized for descriptive statistics, adjusted standardized X2-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Total subjects were 412 fallers, of which 245 (59.5%) were men and 167 (40.5%) were women. Age were 0-14 years 79 (19.2%), 15-44 years 125 (30.4%), 45-64 years 104 (25.2%), over 65 years 104 (25.2%). 2) There was significant association between age and the sexes (X2 = 39.17, P = 0.00). 3) There was significant association between age and history of falls (X2 = 44.41, P = .00). And history of falls in the elderly was significantly associated with falls. 4) There was significant association with age and medical diagnosis (X2 = 140.66, P = .00), chief medical diagnosis were hypertension (34), diabetes mellitus (22), arthritis (11), stroke (8), fracture (7), pulmonary tuberculosis (6), dementia (5) and cataract (5). 5) There was significant association between age and intrinsic factors: cognitive impairment, mobility impairment, insomnia, emotional problems, urinary difficulty, visual impairments, hearing impairments, use of drugs (sedatives, antihypertensive drugs, diuretics, antidepressants) (P < 0.05). But there was no significant association between age and dizziness (X2 = 2.87, P = .41). 6) 15.3% of total fallers were drunken state when they were fallen. 7) Environmental factors of fall accident were unusual posture (50.9%), slips (35.2%), trips (9.5%) and collision (4.4%). 8) Most of falls occurred during the day time, peak frequencies of falls occurred from 1 pm to 6 pm and 7 am to 12 am. 9) The places of fall accident were roads (22.6%), house-stairs (16.7%), rooms, floors, kitchen (11.2%), the roof-top, veranda, windows (10.9%), hospital (7.5%), ice or snowy ways (5.8%), bathroom (4.9%), playground, park (4.9%), subway-stairs (4.4%) and public-bathrooms (2.2%). 10) Activities at the time of fall accident were walking (37.6%), turning around or reaching for something (20.9%), going up or down stairs (19.2%), exercise, working (17.4%), up or down from a bed (2.7%), using wheelchair or walking aids, standing up or down from a chair (2.2%) and standing still (2.2%). 11) Anatomical locations of injuries by falls were head, face, neck (31.3%), lower extremities (29.9%), upper extremities (20.6%), spine, thorax, abdomen or pelvic contents (11.4%) and unspecified (2.9%). 12) Types of injures were fracture (47.6%), bruises (13.8%), laceration (13.3%), sprains (9.0%), headache (6.6%), abrasions (2.9%), intracranial hemorhage (2.4%) and burns (0.5%). 13) 41.5% of the fallers were hospitalized and average of hospitalization was 22.3 days. 14) The six fallers (1.46%) died from fall injuries. The two fallers died from intracranial hemorhage and the four fallers died of secondary infection; pneumonia (2), sepsis (1) and cellulitis (1). It is suggested that 1) Further study is needed with larger sample size to identify the fall risk factors. 2) After the fall accident, comprehensive nursing care and regular physical exercise should be emphasized for the elderly person. 3) Safety education and safety facilities of the public place and home is necessary for fall prevention.
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PMID:[A study on fall accident]. 1043 5

We studied a group of 59 patients with renal amyloidosis. Mean age (45 male, 14 female) was 33.05+/-13.04 years. All of the cases had secondary amyloidosis. The causes of secondary amyloidosis were as follows: familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) 18 (30.5%), pulmonary tuberculosis 12 (20.33%), chronic oseomyelitis 8 (13.55%), bronchiectasia 9 (15.25%), rheumatic diseases 4 (6.4%), Castleman's disease 1 (1.6%), unknown aetiology 7 (11.86%). Hypertension was detected in 15.3% of the cases. In patients with less than 20 ml/min creatinine clearance (Ccr) hypertension was found in 20%. Hypotension was detected in 6 patients and all of these cases had severe hypoalbuminaemia (<2.1 g/dl). Nephrotic range proteinuria (>3.5 g/day) was found in 75% of cases. Daily proteinuria was correlated with serum levels of albumin, total lipid and cholesterol, haematocrit and duration of disease. The mean Ccr was 51.03+/-40.60 ml/min. Twenty-nine per cent of patients had Ccr less than 20 ml/min. Renal, subcutaneous fat and rectal biopsies demonstrated amyloid in 100%, 20% and 57.6%, respectively, of patients tested. Patients with secondary amyloidosis were treated with colchicine in addition to the therapy of primary disease (in 6 patients). Nine patients died, and end-stage renal disease developed in 12 patients during four years of follow-up. Proteinuria disappeared or decreased in patients with secondary amyloidosis except secondary to collagen tissue disease, without advanced renal failure. Colchicine did not affect amyloid deposition in 2 patients with normal renal function and negative proteinuria, who were rebiopsied. It can be questioned that "Colchicine may have effect(s) for decrement on proteinuria". At least colchicine can be of use in secondary amyloidosis.
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PMID:Report on 59 patients with renal amyloidosis. 1075 52

A study was made on the relation between active pulmonary tuberculosis and underlying diseases in 119 tuberculosis patients. Out of total 119 patients, 87 patients (73.1%) had underlying diseases. The most common underlying disease was diabetes mellitus in 34 patients (39.1%), followed by HCV (+) chronic hepatitis, sequela of cerebral infarction, hypertension and gastric ulcer. In patients who had underlying diseases, the mean age was higher, proportion of sputum smear positive cases was higher, albumin was lower, and period until sputum culture negative conversion was longer. In patients who had diabetes mellitus, proportion of cases with cavity on chest X-P was higher, and in patients who had sequela of cerebral infarction or hypertension, mean age was higher. In patients who had diabetes mellitus and whose HbA1C was > or = 9%, proportion of smear positive cases was higher, albumin was lower and period until culture negative conversion was longer than in patients who had diabetes mellitus and whose HbA1c was < 9%, suggesting that control of blood sugar in diabetes mellitus related to severity of pulmonary tuberculosis. In patients who had diabetes mellitus and whose albumin was < 3 g/dl, period until culture negative conversion was longer than in patients who had diabetes mellitus and whose albumin was > or = 3 g/dl. In patients who had underlying diseases, these diseases caused decline of tuberculous immunity and nutritional disturbance represented by lower albumin also promoted decline of tuberculous immunity. It is suggested that the underlying diseases affected the onset and progression of pulmonary tuberculosis.
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PMID:[A study on relation between active pulmonary tuberculosis and underlying diseases]. 1167 19


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