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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 50-year-old Swiss male died from strongyloidiasis 8 weeks after renal allotransplantation. Past history revealed malaria at age 20 years, when the patient had stayed in tropical and subtropical areas, as well as pulmonary tuberculosis. Hypertension, erythrocyturia, proteinuria and unexplained episodes of blood eosinophilia were first noticed age 45, and 4 years later dialysis was started. A mild acute rejection crisis was successfully treated 4 weeks after transplantation. 2 weeks later, however, bilateral pneumonia developed. Despite vigorous antibiotic and tuberculostatic therapy the patient died in septic shock. Autopsy revealed strongyloidiasis with adult females, eggs and rhabditiform larvae of Strongloides stercoralis in the small intestine. Numerous filariform larvae were detected in the lungs, in the walls of bronchi and trachea, in the brain, in the walls of arteries, and in lymphnodes. Massive granulomatous inflammatory reaction and extensive pulmonary hemorrhage were the main pathological findings.
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PMID:[Strongyloidiasis following kidney transplantation]. 36 Mar 82

The causes of mortality and frequency of diseases were tabulated in 304 autopsies performed at Hopital Mama Yemo, Kinshasa, between July 1973 and December 1974. 78 of these autopsies were performed on subjects who died at Hopital Mama Yemo, 36 encompassed subjects from other hospitals, and 190 were of medicolegal cases in which the cause of death was not apparent from external examination. Men comprised 63.5% of autopsied cases. The mean age was 30.19 +or- 1.31 for men and 19.84 +or- 1.76 for women. 16.8% of deaths were due to homicide, 6.3% to suicide, and 8.9% to accidents, yielding an overall prevalence for trauma of 32%. Cancer accounted for only 3% of deaths, and cardiovascular diseases 8.2%. Bacterial infections (predominantly streptococcal disease, lobar pneumonia, and pulmonary tuberculosis) represented the largest single cause of death (17.4%). Parasitic infections comprised a further 6.3% of mortality and viral infections 7.2%, giving infectious diseases a combined frequency of 30.9%. Metabolic diseases were responsible for an additional 11.8% of deaths. Obstetric causes were identified in 3.9% of fatalities, and 95% of these cases represented hemorrhagic and septic complications of illegal abortion. Neonatal deaths (4.3%) were largely due to pneumonitis from aspirated amniotic fluid. A final 5.9% of deaths were unexplained. Also analyzed were cases of sudden death occurring outside the hospitals. 31.3% of these deaths were attributed to cardiovascular diseases and 46.3% to infection (including 2.5% due to septic abortion). Finally, the frequency of major diseases in this series was tabulated. Malaria was most frequently found (41.8%), followed by intravascular erythrocytic sickling (18.3%) and hypertension (16%). 12% of females in this series (20% of those dying traumatically) showed evidence of pelvic inflammatory disease. This series is considered to overestimate the frequency of trauma because of the large number of medicolegal cases that fall in this category. This selection for trauma further led to an oversampling of adult men. Nonetheless, it represents the 1st and best qualitative estimate of disease mortality and prevalence in Zaire. The trends in mortality and morbidity identified through this study provide a basis for planning health care and health education.
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PMID:Autopsy analysis of disease frequency in Kinshasa, Republic of Zaire. 96 86

In a retrospective study of 112 observations, the authors studied the sequelae on respiratory function in pulmonary tuberculosis bacteriologically cured. With the help of a standardized clinical enquiry they defined three groups of patients: groupe I, 31 patients with parenchymatous sequelae but free of bronchopathy and parietal sequelae; groupe II, 45 patients presenting besides parenchymatous sequelae signs of chronic bronchopathy; group III, 36 patients with parietal sequelae. Complementary examinations confirmed the frequency and degree of functional respiratory alterations: --ventilatory handicap in 87% of cases; --scintigraphic lacunae much wider than the radiological images, in more than half of the cases; --hematosis disorders in 65% of the 73 patients tested; --pulmonary arterial hypertension, at least in effort, in 62% of the 58 patients examined by microcatheter. The study by groups showed the particular severeness of an association of tuberculosis sequelae with chronic bronchitis. The existence of parietal sequelae is an additional feature of severeness. The presence of functional deficiences, all the more serious that they are evaluated late; suggests a progressive worsening of these patients' respiratory condition.
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PMID:[Evaluation of functional repercussions of pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae. Apropos of 112 cases]. 100 64

Age-related changes in clinical features of 182 patients diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis from positive culture results of tubercle bacilli were extensively investigated. The percentage of cases detected using mass miniature radiophotography (MMR) was highest in the patients aged 30-39 years, and then decreased with increasing age. It was only 16-19% in those aged 60 years or older. Certain conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, malignancy and other lung diseases, were common in the patients aged 60 years or older. Systemic symptoms, including weight loss and anorexia, and physical abnormalities, including fever and crackles, were common in these patients. Anemia tended to be predominant in the patients aged 60 years or older. The middle/lower lobes were involved more frequently in these patients, in whom the disease distribution was more than one lobe, or disseminated. Positive smear results and negative anergy were more frequently noted in the patients aged 60 years or older. The mortality from tuberculosis in these patients was 4% (7 cases). Although gastrointestinal disorder due to antitubercular drugs was more common in the patients aged 80 years or older, eosinophilia was less frequently observed. Today, improved conditions, better sanitation and the development of new chemotherapeutic agents have contributed to the decline of tuberculosis among the general population. But more efficient procedures that allow the early detection or diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly should be achieved as soon as possible.
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PMID:[Age-dependent alterations in clinical features of pulmonary tuberculosis]. 154 11

448 Sudanese diabetics were included in this study. 30% of patients were in the age group 40-50 years and only 6.3% had childhood diabetes. The predominant sex was female (64.5%). Obesity was found in 39% of patients, a positive family history in 66.5% and a history of diabetic ketoacidosis in 25.2%. 100 patients (below the age of 40) had a plain X-ray abdomen done but none had evidence of pancreatic calcification. Percentages of diabetic complications in this study were as follows: neuropathy 28.1%, retinopathy 18.5%, cataract 14.7%, hypertension 12.9%, nephropathy 11.6%, peripheral vascular disease 6.2%, coronary heart disease 4.2% and pulmonary tuberculosis 2.7%. The majority of our patients were uncontrolled, only 16.7% had normoglycaemia (FBG less than 140 mg%).
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PMID:Pattern of diabetes mellitus in the Sudan. 263 51

A comparison of the clinical features, predisposing factors, side effects by antitubercular drugs and diagnostic procedures in pulmonary tuberculosis in 37 younger and 35 elderly men was carried out. Elderly patients had a higher number of underlying diseases including cardiovascular diseases and hypertension than younger patients. The classic symptoms and signs of tuberculosis, such as productive cough, fever and general fatigue, were observed in relatively high proportions of both patients, whereas weight loss (43% vs. 16%) and crackles in the lung fields (49% vs. 16%) were significantly higher in the elderly patients than the younger ones. As for roentgenographic abnormalities, a higher involvement of middle and lower lung fields was seen in the elderly patients than in the younger. Although leukocytosis was noted in a significantly lower proportion of the elderly patients, neutropenia due to drug treatment was significantly higher (23%) than in younger patients (5%). In a mass survey, the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly men was significantly lower (23%) than that in younger men (54%). Although improved living conditions, better sanitation and the development of new chemotherapeutic agents have contributed to the decline of pulmonary tuberculosis in general populations, better procedures for early detection or diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly people should be achieved as soon as possible.
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PMID:Clinical features of pulmonary tuberculosis in young and elderly men. 273 43

A comparison of the clinical features, predisposing factors, drug-induced adverse effects and diagnostic approach in pulmonary tuberculosis in 37 younger and 35 elderly men was carried out. Elderly patients had a higher number of underlying diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and hypertension, than younger patients. The classic symptoms and signs of tuberculosis, such as productive cough, fever and general fatigue, were observed in relatively high proportions of both patients, whereas weight loss (43 vs. 16%) and crackles in the lung fields (49 vs. 16%) were significantly higher in the elderly patients than the younger ones. As for roentgenographic abnormalities, a higher involvement of middle and lower lung fields was seen in the elderly patients than in the younger. Although leukocytosis was noted in a significantly lower proportion of the elderly patients, neutropenia due to drug treatment was significantly higher (23%) than in younger patients (5%). In a mass survey, the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly men was significantly lower (23%) than that in younger men (54%), suggesting that an extensive mass survey for pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly men should be done.
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PMID:Comparison of younger and elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. 278 9

The authors presented the results of a clinical study of an atypical course of secondary renal amyloidosis developing in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis and progressing against a background of chronic post-tuberculosis bronchitis. The disease manifested itself in the acute development of the nephrotic syndrome which could be arrested as a result of tuberculostatic therapy. Clinico-laboratory signs of the disease were absent for 20 yrs., then arterial hypertension and chronic renal failure accompanied by minimum proteinuria, developed. The diagnosis of renal amyloidosis was confirmed by nephrobiopsy. Considerable difficulties arose in differential diagnosis with glomerulonephritis in such a clinical course.
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PMID:[Long-term remission of the nephrotic syndrome in renal amyloidosis]. 376 49

Numerous mortality studies may be found in publications of the life insurance industry dating back about a century. Examples presented include mortality in asthma history (1903), overweight (1844-1905), and hypertension (1907-11). The favorable effect of underwriting selection on mortality was recognized early, and standard insurance mortality tables in North America have always distinguished between select and ultimate mortality rates. The mortality ratio has been the traditional measure of excess mortality in insurance follow-up studies. Similar mortality studies in the medical literature before 1920 are extremely difficult for investigators to locate. One important exception with regard to methodology and completeness of comparative mortality and survival results was a 20-year follow-up of pulmonary tuberculosis patients after discharge that was reported in 1908.
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PMID:Examples of early mortality follow-up studies. 390 Jul 35

A six-year-old child with intracranial hypertension is described. Cranial computed tomography showed an expansive mass surrounded by a contrast enhancement ring in the right cerebellar hemisphere. Chest roentgenograms showed signs of pulmonary tuberculosis. Intracranial lesion was diagnosed as a tuberculoma and treated with tuberculostatic agents. Serial computed tomography scans showed a reduction of size of tuberculoma and appearance of a residual calcified image.
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PMID:[Cerebellar tuberculoma. Clinical and radiological course]. 396 52


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