Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thrombocytopenia complicating pregnancy occurs with four major nonmalignant conditions found in the reproductive age group: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, hemolytic uremic syndrome, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. A case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura occurring in a pregnant patient is presented, along with a review of the literature.
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PMID:Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura as a cause of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy: literature review. 264 6

Renal venous thrombosis (RVT) in infancy occurs in situations associated with reduced renal blood flow and hypercoagulability. The clinical diagnosis is based on finding enlarged kidney(s), haematuria and thrombocytopenia in a setting where the infant is at risk of RVT. Ultrasonography is the imaging modality of choice and should replace the more invasive excretory urography and venography for confirmation of the diagnosis. Impairment of renal function is best documented by radionuclide studies. Treatment is supportive with heparinisation for severe bilateral RVT and inferior vena cava thrombosis. The role of thrombectomy and fibrinolytic therapy is limited in infancy. Survival rates have much improved in recent years. Severe venous infarction leads to atrophy of the affected kidney, which may later be mistaken for congenital renal hypoplasia. RVT may be complicated by hyperreninaemic hypertension, which is curable by nephrectomy.
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PMID:Renal venous thrombosis in infancy. 265 18

A case of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MHA) associated with the immunosuppressive agent, cyclosporine, is reported herein. The patient manifested anemia with red blood cell fragmentation, hypertension, thrombocytopenia, elevation of serum LDH levels and glomerular capillary thromboses within a few days of his transplantation. Extensive treatments with urokinase and heparin proved ineffective and graftectomy was performed 7 days after his transplantation. Immunofluorescent staining failed to show immunoglobulin (IgG or IgM) or complement (C3) deposition within the glomeruli, which discriminated MHA from acute humoral-vascular rejection.
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PMID:Cyclosporine-associated microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in a renal transplant recipient. 265 53

Bone marrow megakaryocytes and their progenitors were studied in SHR in order to obtain more information about megakaryocytopoiesis in hypertension since it is known that various anomalies of platelet function occur in hypertension. Megakaryocytopoiesis under steady state conditions and following stimulated erythropoiesis and thrombocytopenia was not found to be significantly different in SHR from that in normotensive Wistar controls.
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PMID:Megakaryocytopoiesis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 273 31

A 40 year old man with a history of myocardial infarction and hypertension presented with transient cerebral ischaemic attacks, aortic regurgitation, a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and thrombocytopenia. The anticardiolipin syndrome was diagnosed and he was treated with prednisolone and warfarin. He died two years later after the development of acute heart failure. At necropsy his heart showed widespread arteriolar thrombosis without vasculitis, recanalised large vessel occlusion, and a "post-inflammatory" valvulitis of the aortic valve.
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PMID:Findings at necropsy in the heart of a patient with anticardiolipin syndrome. 275 75

Of 140 patients with "scleroderma renal crisis" encountered during a 33-year period, 15 of 131 (11%) whose blood pressures were recorded were normotensive during this complication. In comparison with 116 patients with hypertension, the normotensive patients significantly more often had microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (90% versus 38%) and thrombocytopenia (83% versus 21%). Pulmonary hemorrhage occurred in 6 normotensive patients. More normotensive patients had received high doses of corticosteroids (prednisone greater than or equal to 30 mg/day) during the 2 months immediately preceding renal crisis (64% versus 16%). A role for corticosteroids in precipitating renal crisis is suggested. The 12-month survival was significantly reduced in the normotensive patients (13% versus 35%).
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PMID:Normotensive renal failure in systemic sclerosis. 277 21

A retrospective chart review was conducted of 26 organ donors to determine hemodynamic and metabolic derangements encountered and nursing requirements for donor organ maintenance. There were 15 boys and 11 girls with a mean age 6.57 +/- 5.46 years. Mean donor maintenance time was 10.5 +/- 6.7 hours. Cardiorespiratory derangements included hypotension in 16, hypertension in 6, arrhythmias in 17 (premature ventricular contraction in 4, bradycardia in 8, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia in 3, and ventricular tachycardia in 2), asystolic events in 5, pulmonary insufficiency in 6, anemia in 8, and thrombocytopenia in 8. Metabolic and hormonal derangements included hyperglycemia in 18, hypokalemia in 20, hyperkalemia in 4, hyponatremia in 3, hypernatremia in 17, metabolic acidosis in 10, and diabetes insipidus in 15. Hypothermia (temperature 33.3 degrees +/- 0.4 degrees C, mean +/- SD) occurred in 14 donors. The mean physiologic Stability Index score was 22.2 +/- 4.7 and mean Therapeutic Intervention Score was 46.7 +/- 5.8. Total number of nursing hours spent in donor maintenance was 424.5 hours. Therapies offered included diuretics in 10, sodium bicarbonate in 8, antibiotics in 6, insulin in 12, pitressin in 13, verapamil in 3, isoproterenol in 3, dopamine in 17, and intravenous potassium boluses in 14. Of the potential 26 donors, 46 kidneys, 8 hearts, 14 livers, 3 pancreas, and 9 corneas were retrieved in transplantable condition. With appropriate donor maintenance, organs suitable for transplantation can be retrieved despite significant pathophysiologic derangements. Physicians intending to provide donor support should be comfortable with invasive monitoring and cardiorespiratory support and be prepared to provide a nurse to patient ratio of 2:1 at the bedside.
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PMID:Pediatric organ donor maintenance: pathophysiologic derangements and nursing requirements. 278 Jan 31

The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence and clinical significance of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Thrombocytopenia, defined as a platelet count less than 100,000/mm3 was found in 11.6% of all patients with PIH. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relative contribution of thrombocytopenia, proteinuria, and the degree of hypertension to maternal and perinatal outcome. Thrombocytopenia was the principal contributor to the occurrence of abdominal pain, liver dysfunction, the presence of schistocytes in the peripheral smear, proteinuria, fetal distress, and the requirement for blood transfusions. Thrombocytopenia was also associated with a higher incidence of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation. The nadir platelet count occurred within 48 hours of delivery in 56.7% (21 of 37) of cases. The median number of days for recovery of the thrombocytopenia was 2.0 days (range, 0 to 8 days). In five patients thrombocytopenia preceded the clinical manifestations of PIH. We conclude that thrombocytopenia is an independent and important risk factor for the occurrence of maternal and perinatal complications in PIH.
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PMID:Clinical significance, prevalence, and natural history of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy-induced hypertension. 278 68

Antoantibodies to cholesterol were detected and purified from normal (nonimmunized) pig serum. The antibodies were assayed by ELISA with crystalline cholesterol as an Ag and by C-dependent damage to cholesterol-laden liposomes. Intravenous injection of liposomes containing cholesterol into anesthetized animals caused decreased hemolytic complement titers, and induced a reaction consisting of transient neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, respiratory distress, cyanosis, pulmonary and systemic hypertension, and decreased cardiac output. Plasma levels of thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha increased 1300 and 200%, respectively, and leukocyte and platelet counts decreased by 36 and 38%, respectively. Injection of cholesterol-free liposomes did not induce the reaction. These results show that naturally occurring autoantibodies to cholesterol can initiate C activation and can be associated with anaphylactoid reaction to exogenously administered cholesterol in pigs.
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PMID:Anaphylactoid reactions mediated by autoantibodies to cholesterol in miniature pigs. 280 13

During 1983, 38 patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension were treated with hydralazine-apresoline (1-hydrazinophthalazine). During the course of their treatment, five of these patients showed evidence of the HELLP syndrome described by Weinstein (hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes). Evidence is presented on the role of hydralazine in producing hepatocellular damage. Liver function is compromised during the natural course of pregnancy-induced hypertension, and 5-10% of preeclamptic patients develop the HELLP syndrome. In many places hydralazine is the drug of choice in the treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
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PMID:Hydralazine-induced hepatitis in pregnancy. 289 36


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