Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Catheterization of the Sylvian aqueduct is an elective technique for the surgical treatment of syringomyelia with Chiari's defect. It completes efficiently the decompression of the defect and makes possible exclusion of the IV th. ventricle and of the ependymal orifice of the syringomyelic cavity. The operative results appear thus more regular and more stable than those obtained with simple decompression. Intubation of the aqueduct has opportune indications in the treatment of tumors of the P.C.F. in the case of incomplete exeresis or when a secondary blockade of the spinal fluid is to be feared. Intubation of the aqueduct constitutes a useful complement for those patients treated during childhood for hydrocephalon with sylviduct stenosis and that evidence lately a poor functioning of the ventricular tube with ventricles exhibiting a reduced volume and hypereacute accidents of intra-cranial hypertension.
 ...
PMID:[Catheterization of the sylvian aqueduct. Its present role in the surgical treatment of sylvian aqueduct stenosis of PCF tumors, and of syringomyelia]. 119 65

Rises in intracranial pressure from normal baseline values up to 50 cm H2O occurred shortly after the onset of obstructive sleep apnea in a patient with myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus, Arnold-Chiari malformation, and syringomyelia. Tonsillar hypertrophy caused the airway obstruction during sleep, because the obstructive sleep apnea and also the periodic elevation of intracranial pressure disappeared after tonsillectomy. Only one report from Japan has previously described three patients with elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressures during obstructive sleep apnea. It is conceivable that episodic airway obstruction and concurrent intracranial hypertension may have contributed to the development of syringomyelia in our patient.
 ...
PMID:Obstructive sleep apnea leading to increased intracranial pressure in a patient with hydrocephalus and syringomyelia. 270 63

A population of 41 non-hydrocephalic patients in whom a lumbo-peritoneal shunt (LPS) was inserted for various conditions is reviewed. 19 had persistent cerebro-spinal fluid rhinorrhoea following cranial injury, basal skull surgery or of unknown origin, 3 had recalcitrant benign intra-cranial hypertension, 14 had a persistent bulging craniotomy site after operations for intra-cranial tumours or head trauma, 4 had syringomyelia and 1 had a postoperative cervical meningocele. There was no shunt-related mortality. LPS was effective in treating the initial symptomatology in 31 patients. Further revision or removal of LPS were needed on 9 occasions in 8 patients showing shunt-related mechanical or infectious complications or persistent postural headaches. This report demonstrates the safety of the LPS procedure experienced in another population of 146 patients with communicating hydrocephalus operated on in the meantime. According to the authors' experience, the versatility of the clinical applications of LPS seems well established. LPS should be considered when a CSF diversion is required in patients showing absent or minimal ventricular enlargement in the CT scan.
 ...
PMID:Lumbo-peritoneal shunt in non-hydrocephalic patients. A review of 41 cases. 371 95

Magnetic resonance tomographic findings and clinical symptoms were compared by using the results of 596 studies. The clinical diagnoses and types of Arnold-Chiari's anomaly, which were revealed by magnetic resonance tomography as groups I, II, and III were also evaluated. A contribution of fluid dynamic disorders, including intracranial hypertension and hydrocephalus, was assessed. No relationship was found between the clinical manifestations and the ascending degree of cerebellar tonsils. The combination of Arnold-Chiari's anomaly with syringomyelia and osteochondrosis and a role of magnetic resonance tomography in the identification of the anomaly for correct choice of therapy in spinal pathology were shown. It was concluded that magnetic resonance tomography should be used in all cases of spinal diseases or suspected diseases of the craniospinal transition.
 ...
PMID:[The Arnold-Chiari anomaly: magnetic resonance tomographic data and the clinical manifestations]. 815 10

Hydrocephalus develops in approximately 85% of patients with myelomeningoceles and appears most frequently to result from obstruction to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow within the posterior fossa subarachnoid space and at the tentorial hiatus, due to posterior fossa crowding from the Chiari malformation. The presenting features of hydrocephalus are legion; although signs and symptoms of intracranial hypertension are most common, many patients exhibit more subtle and confusing signs, such as intellectual deterioration or behavioral changes, or those that mimic brainstem compression from the Chiari malformation or spinal cord dysfunction due to tethering or syringomyelia. Prompt recognition of these signs and symptoms will direct appropriate therapy toward shunt revision and will help the clinician avoid potentially unnecessary and more dangerous procedures.
 ...
PMID:Hydrocephalus in the child with dysraphism. 824 92

A 23-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of intracranial hypertension. CT showed a large, nonenhancing cerebellar mass with surrounding calcification and displacement of the fourth ventricle. MRI revealed a septate lesion, with low signal on T1-weighted and high signal on T2-weighted images. The cerebellar tonsils were displaced below the foramen magnum and there was associated syringomyelia. The MRI features were characteristic of Lhermitte-Duclos (LD) disease (dysplastic gangliocytoma) and the diagnosis was confirmed following surgery. In this case, we emphasise the usefulness of MRI in the diagnosis of LD disease and consider the possible pathogenesis of the associated syringomyelia.
 ...
PMID:Lhermitte-Duclos disease associated with syringomyelia. 888 Jul 11

To study the influence of Chiari malformation (CM) size, patient's age, hydrocephaly and intracranial hypertension on the disease manifestations, 263 patients with CM type I without concomitant syringomyelia have been examined. All the patients underwent clinical neurological examination, craniography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord. Five main groups of objective neurological signs were identified: oculomotor (17.1%); cochlear vestibulocerebellar (84.8%); bulbar (35.4%); conduction motor (25.9%); segmental motor sensory disturbances (9.5%). The data obtained suggest that (1) a complex of pathogenic factors determines clinical manifestations of the disease in the given patient with CM type I; (2) CM size determines significantly the incidence and extent of the main objective neurological signs; (3) with age the seventy of cochlear and vestibulocerebellar disturbances increases; (4) hydrocephaly and intracranial hypertension deteriorate cochlear, vestibulocerebellar and bulbar disturbances as well as pyramidal-tract signs.
 ...
PMID:[Pathogenesis of main objective neurological symptoms in Chiari malformation type I]. 1280 May 47

Three hundred and sixty four patients with Chiari malformation (CM) type I were examined: 263--with isolated CM and 101--with concomitant syringomyelia (SM). To study clinical features of the disease, neurological examination, craniography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord were used. Similar predisposing factors and groups of objective neurological symptoms were found. Differences in the first subjective appearance and age at the disease onset were revealed. In patients with isolated CM, brain stem and cerebella symptoms dominated in the clinical picture, with spinal disturbances and asymptomatic cases being sometimes found. In patients with CM + SM, brain stem and spinal disturbances were more frequent and severe, comparing to those with single CM. Similar clinical features are due probably to common disease pathogenesis and the different ones are the result of the cerebrospinal fluid disturbances, causing intracranial hypertension, hydrocephaly and SM.
 ...
PMID:[Chiari malformation type I and syringomyelia]. 1293 47

A 22-year-old male patient presented with paroxysmal hyperhidrosis, mydriasis, hypertension, and tachycardia. Cranial and cervical MRI revealed focal atrophy in the high order zone of the central autonomic network and syringomyelia. His physical and neurological examinations were unremarkable. Physiological testing included EEG, SPECT, serum/urine tests and autonomic testing. A poor response was achieved with the medical and interventional procedures employed. As the central autonomic network is an integral component of the internal regulation system of the brain, any lesion, no matter where in the network, may lead to paroxysmal autonomic alterations mimicking epilepsy (Published with videosequences).
 ...
PMID:Paroxysmal autonomic alterations mimicking epilepsy: a case report. 1524 58

The authors describe 4 cases of syringomyelia-associated spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (AVM). All cases were managed with embolization of the AVM. Treatments were aimed to stabilize the AVM itself and not directed toward the syrinx. In 3 of the 4 cases the syringomyelia resolved after treatment. Reports concerning AVM as a cause of syringomyelia is very scarce and lacks posttreatment clinical information. In light of the clinical course and imaging findings, the authors propose a theory that venous hypertension in the spinal cord is the trigger for the development of syringomyelia, which may reverse after AVM treatment.
 ...
PMID:Spinal arteriovenous malformation associated with syringomyelia. 1944 5


1 2 Next >>