Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 53 patients, 24 healthy pregnant women and 29 patients with EPH (edema, proteinuria, hypertension) syndrome, the intravenous phenolsulphonphthalein test was performed between the 32nd and 42 weeks of pregnancy. At the same time, the serum creatinine and estrogen excretion in the 24 hour urine were determined. According to this, normal pregnancy and also pregnancies with one or more symptoms of the EPH syndrome without raised blood pressure do not cause changes of the PSP plasma level. A statistically significant rise in the PSP plasma level is only found with a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg, and simultaneously a close correlation to the estrogen excretion in the urine (r = -0.4) and the blood pressure (r = 0.6). Estrogen excretion is reduced with increasing blood pressure (r = -0.75). No correlation could be established between the PSP serum level and the creatinine in the serum.
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PMID:[Investigations of changes in the phenolsulphonphthalein plasma levels in pregnant women with EPH syndrome (author's transl)]. 80 10

The prognosis of chronic glomerulonephritis based on renal function was assessed using a statistical technique of the Markov process, where the absorbing state was assumed to be an uremic state, 194 adult patients with different types of disease were subjected to study. The 15 min value obtained in the intravenous PSP excretion test was divided into five states; SI (greater than 34%, normal), SII(25-34), SIII(15-24), SIV(5-14) and SV (greater than 5, uremic). The rates of SV with time were calculated with respect to several clinical characteristics. The prognosis of the patients with hypertension, distinct proteinuria and hematuria, or cellular cylindruria appeared to be relatively poor. The estimated number of years from each state to SV were also calculated. The results were similar to those already reported and gave us more exact information about the prognosis.
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PMID:Prognosis of chronic glomerulonephritis in adult patients estimated on the basis of the Markov process. 112 60

Incidence of hypertension in chronic glomerulonephritis and its influence on the clinical course of the disease were studied using statistic technique, especially that of Markovian process. 1. Incidence of hypertension in a total of 283 cases was 15.2%, while in the patients of which renal function reduced to approximately one half of the normal was about 50%. 2. The average of blood pressure in this disease tends to elevate with the decrease in 15 minute value of PSP excretion test and with the increasing serum creatinine level, although the variations are large. 3. After a fall of renal function to approximately one-third of the normal, the rate of clinical course is markedly rapid. 4. The prognosis of the progressive type of chronic glomerulonephritis is obviously affected to be shorten by the presence of hypertension. 5. According to the results obtained by the Markovian approach, survival years of the patients with wide range of renal function can be predicted with relative accuracy.
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PMID:Prognosis of chronic glomerulonephritis with special reference to hypertension and renal function. 115 42

To confirm the preliminary report that increases in norepinephrine neurotransmission improve motor performance, we administered the investigational drug idazoxan (IDA) to nine patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) according to a double-blind crossover protocol. There were seven women and two men, whose mean age was 70 years and mean duration of illness 4 years. All had an advanced parkinsonian syndrome, supranuclear ocular motor palsies, and poor responses to dopaminergic drugs. During administration of 40 mg tid of IDA, the total score and the motor subscale score of the United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale significantly decreased. Features that improved most included mobility, balance, gait, and measures of digital dexterity. There were no significant changes in any measure during placebo administration. Corticobulbar manifestations and eye movements were not significantly improved during treatment. Side effects of IDA included transient hypertension, tachycardia, action tremor, flushing, and sweating, but none was so severe that any patient withdrew from the study. Among the few attempted treatments of PSP, IDA is the first medication shown in a double-blind study to improve aspects of motor function.
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PMID:Idazoxan treatment in progressive supranuclear palsy. 167 32

Flunarizine hydrochloride (FZ), a calcium entry blockade, has been used nationwide in Japan as a cerebral active vasodilator since October, 1984. The present paper reports 31 cases of FZ-induced Parkinsonism, depression and akathisia, referred to our hospital between October 1986 and September 1988. Out of the 31 patients, four including two with Parkinson's disease and one each with progressive supranuclear palsy and olivopontocerebellar atrophy showed worsening of their parkinsonian symptoms within a few months after FZ administration. The remaining 27 patients (7 males and 20 females) newly developed Parkinsonism after treatment with FZ. Symptoms appeared one week to two years (mean: 6.1 months) after starting FZ of a daily dose of 10 mg. FZ had been used in 6 patients for cerebrovascular episodes confirmed by clinical history or brain CT, and in the remainder, for dizziness, light-headedness, hypertension, amnesia or hypochondric neurotic complaints. Akinesia and bradykinesia progressed rather rapidly after onset, and patients became unambulatory within several months. Symptoms had worsened, and L-dopa, anticholinergic drugs, and bromocriptine had been ineffective until FZ was discontinued. Their Parkinsonism was characterized by marked akinesia, bradykinesia, and moderate rigidity. Masked face was seen in most of them. Tremor was absent at rest, and induced in 12 patients by posture and/or action. Sixteen patients were accompanied by depression, and five, by akathisia. Improvement began several weeks after withdrawal of FZ, and most patients recovered almost completely within a few months although mild rigidity and bradykinesia remained in some.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Parkinsonism, depression and akathisia induced by flunarizine, a calcium entry blockade--report of 31 cases]. 258 81

To determine whether immune system disorders are involved in the exacerbation of IgA nephropathy, the immunoglobulin production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 45 IgA nephropathy patients was measured and then compared with that of healthy individuals. The level of IgA production was classified into an elevated group and a non-elevated group and comparisons were made with various clinical factors considered to be related to exacerbation of this disease. The results indicated that although there was no significant difference in immunoglobulin production of the peripheral mononuclear cells between IgA nephropathy cases and healthy individuals in the group not stimulated with pokeweed mitogen (PWM), the group stimulated with PWM revealed a production of IgA, IgG, and IgM which was significantly elevated (P less than 0.01). Also, within the group stimulated with PWM, hypertension, severe proteinuria and microscopic hematuria, elevated BUN and serum creatinine values, decreased 15-min PSP and creatinine clearance values, severe histological damage, and severe IgA deposition were observed more in the elevated IgA production group than in the non-elevated group. These findings suggest that an elevated IgA production plays an important role in the excerbation of this disease.
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PMID:In vitro immunoglobulin production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a prognostic factor in IgA nephropathy. 261 13

A 60-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and chronic headache initially presented with irritative personality change and mild but steadily progressive dementia and oral tendency, left-sided hemiplegia, intense nuchal stiffness, and swallowing difficulty in the later stage. She died of bronchopneumonia at the age of 76. The brain showed marked loss of nerve cells with gliosis in the cerebral cortex and fibrillary gliosis in the white matter in addition to the typical pathological findings of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP): extensive subcortical neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and loss of nerve cells with gliosis accentuated in the globus pallidus, Luys body and substantia nigra. In many case reports on PSP, the cerebral cortex is described as normal or within normal limits [Jellinger 1971, Steele et al. 1964], and to our knowledge, there is no reported case of severe cortical atrophy as seen in this case. The differential diagnosis of this case is also discussed.
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PMID:Severe cerebral atrophy in progressive supranuclear palsy: a case report. 277 86

To explore possible risk factors for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), we conducted a case-control study of 50 cases in New Jersey. Two neurologists confirmed the diagnosis in the 41 living patients. Two hospital controls were matched by age, sex, race, date of death, and relationship of next-to-kin to each case. A structured interview was administered in person to the next-of-kin of cases and controls. Genetic, viral, toxic, medical, surgical, and personality factors were investigated. Cases lived in areas with low population as adults significantly more frequently than controls. The study identified no other factors associated with PSP including a history of stroke, hypertension, or smoking.
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PMID:Risk factors for progressive supranuclear palsy. 221 68

In order to identify the hemodynamics of borderline essential hypertension, radionuclide angiography was performed before and after bolus injection of furosemide (40 mg i.v.) both at 3 min (i.e. before diuretic effect) and at 30 min (i.e. after diuretic effect) in 16 borderline (B) patients and in 14 age-matched WHO classification I-II essential hypertensives (H) patients. 14 age-matched normotensive (N) subjects were used as controls. B patients were further subdivided into two subgroups according to a cardiac index under or above 3 liter/min/m2 in basal conditions. Baseline hemodynamic characteristics showed higher values of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) in both H and B patients when compared with N subjects (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, B and H patients exhibited lower values of left ventricular peak filling rate (PFR) than seen in N subjects (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively). H patients demonstrated higher peak systolic blood pressure/endsystolic volume ratio (PSP/ESV) than seen in N subjects (p less than 0.05). PFR positively correlated with peak emptying rate (PER) only in N and B patients (p less than 0.05). After furosemide administration, even though differences were observed in the absolute values, B and H patients showed similar hemodynamic patterns. Only the B subgroup with cardiac index (CI) greater than 3 liter ('volume-dependent' patients) showed a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) at 30 min associated with a lowering of stroke index (SI; p less than 0.005 for both), when compared with pre-drug values. In B patients with CI less than 3 liter ('afterload-dependent' patients) no differences were observed either at 3 min or at 30 min in comparison with values obtained prior to drug administration. Moreover, in this subgroup, like in H patients, there was a negative correlation (p less than 0.01) between 3-min percent change of SVRI and 3-min percent change of SI. Our data suggest that in 'borderline' hypertension: (a) there may be an increase in peripheral resistance, as in established hypertension, especially when age-matched groups are considered; (b) the earliest sign of compromised left ventricular function is the reduction in diastolic PFR but, unlike established hypertension, this index is still correlated with systolic function; (c) cardiac output might be even somewhat reduced and also negatively correlated with vascular resistance ('afterload-dependent' hearts); (d) furosemide (acute administration) might contribute to a better definition of hemodynamic behavior.
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PMID:Hemodynamics in borderline hypertension: acute effect of furosemide. 652 11

We investigated left ventricular (LV) function in 40 patients (pts) with hypertension (HT), 16 pts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 3 pts with ASH and HT and in 27 control subjects by M-mode echocardiography using supine exercise (50 watts, 3 minutes). The hypertensive subjects were echocardiographically divided into three subsets; the normal LV (17 cases), the hypertrophied LV (17 cases) and the dilated LV (6 cases). Similarly, pts with HCM were echocardiographically and cineangiographically divided into three subsets; ASH (asymmetric septal hypertrophy, 6 cases), APH (predominant apical hypertrophy, 6 cases) and DFH (diffuse left ventricular hypertrophy, 4 cases). Changes of left ventricular dimension Controls and HT: Stroke volume was increased during exercise in the controls, normal LV and hypertrophied LV groups by decreasing LV end-systolic dimension ( LVDs ), but it was increased in dilated LV group by increasing LV end-diastolic dimension ( LVDd ) (Frank-Starling mechanism). LVDd was increased transiently in the controls and normal LV group during recovery, but its grade and duration were more pronounced in the latter. LVDd did not change significantly in hypertrophied and the dilated LV groups. HCM: LVDd and LVDs did not change significantly during exercise in all 3 groups. LVDd was increased transiently during recovery in ASH group, but not in the other groups. Changes of peak velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCF) and the ratio of peak systolic blood pressure to LV end-systolic volume (PSP/ LVVs ). Controls and HT: Peak VCF was increased during exercise most markedly in the normal LV group, but it was not increased in the dilated LV group. PSP/ LVVs was increased significantly during exercise in the controls, the normal and hypertrophied LV groups, but not in the dilated LV group. HCM: Peak VCF showed a significant increase during exercise in ASH group, but not in the other two groups. Changes of the D/S ratio. The ratio of systolic to diastolic velocity of the LV posterior wall was expressed as a D/S. This ratio did not change significantly in the controls, HT and APH groups, but it was decreased significantly in ASH and DFH groups. LV end-systolic wall stress and LVDs relationship ( ESWst - LVDs ).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Exercise echocardiography in different types of hypertension classified by left ventricular geometry; comparison with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. 668 25


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