Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A cystic fibrosis (CF) heterozygote incidence higher than in the general population has been repeatedly reported in conditions which include clinical features found in CF, like pancreatitis, disseminated bronchiectasis, and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Some cases may be explained by an unidentified compound heterozygosity; others could be manifesting heterozygotes. This study was aimed at detecting the incidence of CF-related clinical features in a population of carriers. A group of 261 obligate heterozygotes (mean age, 44 years) and a control group, composed of 201 individuals negative for a standard mutation panel (mean age, 36 years), were surveyed for possibly CF-related conditions (asthma, bronchiectasis, pneumothorax, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, sinusitis, nasal polyps, gallstones, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, pancreatitis, bone fractures, plus hypertension). A questionnaire was administered, and the accuracy of the statements was evaluated by phone interviews. There was no difference between heterozygotes and controls, with the exception of hypertension (carriers 28/261, controls 7/201, p = 0.004), and, in males, nasal polyps (carriers 7/126, controls 0/102, p value = 0.0178), and, again, hypertension (carriers 17/126, controls 5/102, p value = 0.0407). To avoid age bias, 126 heterozygotes matched to controls of the same gender and age were separately processed: these two groups showed no significant differences. CF-related clinical manifestations in obligate CFTR mutation heterozygotes are not more represented than in individuals with a low risk of being carriers.
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PMID:A pilot survey of cystic fibrosis clinical manifestations in CFTR mutation heterozygotes. 1178 92

New daily persistent headache (NDPH), which is the acute onset of headache within 3 days and is persistent for 15 days or more each month for at least 3 months, is a predominantly female heterogeneous subtype of chronic daily headache, typically with migraine features of unknown etiology. NDPH may be a presentation of other primary headaches such as new onset migraine, tension, or benign thunderclap headache. The headaches can be difficult to treat. The diagnosis is one of excluding the many secondary types or NDPH mimics, which is especially critical early in the course of the disease when a secondary etiology is more likely. NDPH mimics include postmeningitis headache, NDPH with medication rebound, neoplasms, temporal arteritis, chronic meningitis, chronic subdural hematoma, post-traumatic headaches, sphenoid sinusitis, hypertension, subarachnoid hemorrhage, low cerebrospinal fluid pressure syndrome, cervical artery dissections, pseudotumor cerebri without papilledema, and cerebral venous thrombosis.
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PMID:New daily persistent headache. 1282 80

A 14-year-old girl with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis was transferred to our hospital because of acute renal failure. A diagnosis of Wegener granulomatosis was made according to the symptom triad of a renal biopsy demonstrating crescentic glomerulonephritis, severe sinusitis, and serological findings of raised proteinase 3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody level. In spite of combination therapy with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and plasma exchange, her renal function gradually deteriorated. Thereafter, she suffered a severe headache and generalized seizures. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan revealed bilateral low-density areas in the parieto-occipital lobes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disclosed a high-intensity area on T2-weighted images and a low-signal intensity area on T1-weighted images in the same lesion. Follow-up brain CT scan 3 weeks and MRI 2 months after the first studies showed complete resolution of the abnormal lesions, which indicated reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. In addition to renal failure, hypertension, and cyclophoshamide, the primary disease may have played a role in the development of this uncommon syndrome in our patient.
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PMID:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in a patient with Wegener granulomatosis. 1467 53

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate radiological findings in chest and sinus radiographs and renal ultrasound (US) in patients with nephropathia epidemica (NE) and to determine whether changes in these medical images are related to each other or to the clinical course of NE. METHODS: Radiological findings and clinical course were studied in 380 hospital-treated NE patients during the years 1982-1998. RESULTS: In 35% of the patients there were clear changes in chest radiographs. Pleural effusion, atelectasis, and interstitial infiltration were the most common X-ray findings. Forty-seven percent had changes in renal US, with increased cortical echoicity and cortical swelling being the most common findings. Thirty-three percent of the patients with clinical symptoms of sinusitis had changes in sinus radiographs. Abnormal findings on chest radiographs were clearly associated with fluid volume overload, high blood pressure level, leukocytosis, degree of clinical renal insufficiency, and thrombocytopenia. Abnormal findings in renal US were associated to some extent with fluid volume overload and degree of clinical renal insufficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Some 35% of patients had clear changes in chest radiographs and 47% showed changes in renal US. Abnormal findings in chest radiographs were clearly associated, and abnormal findings in renal US were associated to some extent, with the severity of the clinical course of NE.
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PMID:Medical imaging in nephropathia epidemica and their clinical correlations. 1545 Sep 85

To compare health-related quality of life (QOL) across groups, researchers have to assure that items of a QOL measure represent the same constructs across groups. This study investigated factorial invariance of the WHOQOL-BREF between a healthy population and populations with diseases using the data from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in Taiwan. The NHIS was conducted by stratified multistage systematic sampling resulting in responses from 13,010 participants aged 20 approximately 65 who completed the WHOQOL-BREF. The analysis was limited to 5 diseases where at least 200 individuals had that specific single condition; these were pulmonary disease, hypertension, peptic ulcer, sinusitis and liver disease. In this study, confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) on a four-factor model were conducted. Two-group analyses with unconstrained/constrained parameters were conducted to confirm the comparability of CFA factor structures between groups. Generally, the xi(2) discrepancy tests showed that different disease groups and their matched healthy groups shared the same first- and second-order factor loadings. Moreover, different disease groups shared the same first- and second-order factor loadings as well. In other words, after controlling age and gender, same perceptions on the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire were found between disease and matched healthy groups and across disease groups.
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PMID:Factorial invariance of the WHOQOL-BREF among disease groups. 1615 75

A normal component of the flora of the oropharynx, Neisseria sicca was first isolated in 1906 and has since been reported as a rare cause of various human infections including endocarditis, pneumonia, sinusitis, sepsis, and urethritis. We report the case of a 44-year-old African-American female with a history of hypertension who presented with complaints of right frontal headache, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. A computed tomography scan of the patient's brain showed a large subarachnoid hemorrhage, and an arteriogram confirmed a large posterior communicating artery aneurysm. A ventriculostomy tube was placed, and the patient subsequently developed an elevated temperature and elevated white blood cell count. Cerebrospinal fluid studies showed elevated protein and glucose levels and cultures positive for N. sicca. This is only the seventh reported case of culture-proven meningitis related to N. sicca, and the first reported case associated with intracranial hemorrhage and ventriculostomy tube placement.
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PMID:Neisseria sicca meningitis following intracranial hemorrhage and ventriculostomy tube placement. 1790 82

We examined the use of telemedicine for improving access to care in a work-site clinic. A prospective study of 100 patients was conducted over a four-month period in a work site that housed 700 employees. Sinusitis (10 visits), upper respiratory tract infections (9 visits), otitis media (9 visits), hypertension (9 visits) and back pain (8 visits) were the most common reasons for the visits. In 99 visits, clinicians were of the opinion that the telemedicine visit felt similar to a face-to-face visit. For most of the visits (67), patients strongly agreed or agreed that telemedicine had a positive effect on their relationship with the health-care provider. The otoscope, microscope and stethoscope telemedicine peripherals were important in aiding diagnosis (and ruling out other causes) in about 55% of the visits (upper respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, otitis media, cough, sore throat, nevi, rhinitis and ear wax related concerns). The ability for the patient to watch their ENT examination and see any associated abnormalities was appreciated by many patients. Physicians, nurses and patients were capable of using the technology with little training.
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PMID:Telemedicine in the work site: a study of feasibility, and patient and provider satisfaction. 1877 79

Early clinical data must lead to suspect bacterial meningitis if fever, the most frequent sign, is present and if it is associated with more or less constant neurological and meningeal signs (consciousness impairment, headache, neck stiffness, focal neurological deficit, seizure, etc.). A skin rash is frequent in case of meningococcal meningitis whereas cranial nerve palsy is more in favor of tuberculous or Listeria meningitis. Presence of otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia, or a recent head trauma strongly suggests a pneumococcal involvement. Tuberculous meningitis is generally characterized by a slow evolution of meningeal signs together with aspecific signs. The main prognostic factors are consciousness impairment, circulatory instability, focal neurological signs, and advanced age. Morbidity and mortality are increased in case of pneumococcal compared to meningococcal meningitis. Cranial tomodensitometry gives further information about intracranial complications of meningitis. In some cases, particularly if focal neurological or intracranial hypertension signs are present, it must be performed before a lumbar puncture. The risk factors of meningitis must be investigated and treated if possible according to the bacterium. The management of patient after hospital discharge depends on evolution after treatment. The presence of neurological sequels imposes a specialized ambulatory follow-up. Neuropsychological sequels (cognitive dysfunction, memory impairment) can also persist for years even in absence of other neurological disorders.
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PMID:[Managing adult patients with acute community-acquired meningitis presumed of bacterial origin]. 1947 96

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical entity characterized by massive loss of urinary protein (primarily albuminuria) leading to hypoproteinemia (hypoalbuminemia) and its result, edema. Hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and increased lipiduria are usually associated. Although not commonly thought of as part of the syndrome, hypertension, hematuria, and azotemia may be present. This prospective cross-sectional study was performed on 44 children (with age of onset up to 14 years) with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in our center during 2000-2007. The objectives were to study the clinical and biochemical parameters and the histopathological distribution of different subtypes of INS and drug-response pattern in these patients. The study group included 44 children. There were 29 (66%) boys and 15 girls (34%). The mean age was 4.87 +/- 3.24 years. Facial edema was found in 42 (95%), microscopic hematuria in 10 (23%), gross hematuria in 2 (4.5%), and hypertension in 5 (11.2%) patients. In children who underwent biopsy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most common pathologic finding (41%). Other subtypes included minimal change disease in three (18%), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in one (5.8%), diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis in two (11.6 %), membranous glomerulonephritis in one (5.8%), and diffuse mesangial proliferation in three (17.5%) cases. At the time of hospitalization peritonitis was present in five (11.4%), pneumonia and upper respiratory infection (sinusitis) in eight (18%), and cellulites in two (4.5%) patients. Twenty nine patients (66%) were steroid sensitive, 9 (20.5%) steroid resistant, and 6 (13.5%) steroid dependent. Among patients with steroid-sensitive NS, 37% were nonrelapsers, 38.8% frequent relapsers, and 26.4% were infrequent relapsers. Differences seems to exist between season of incidence, suitable response to treatment with corticosteroids, and pathologic findings of biopsy in our study and other studies from Iran and other countries.
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PMID:Spectrum of childhood nephrotic syndrome in Iran: A single center study. 2043 26

Headache is a common presenting complaint in most family physicians' practices. Anxiety and depression (the ache of living) are at the root of most cases. A significant minority suffer from vascular headaches and a few cases harbor organic lesions.Headaches due to eyestrain, sinusitis, trigeminal neuralgia and hypertension are greatly overdiagnosed. The precise diagnosis of all cases of headache is important in choosing the appropriate therapy. Often the greatest benefit achieved is the discontinuation of inappropriate and potentially harmful treatment or self-medication.
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PMID:Headache as a presenting symptom. 2046 75


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