Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to analyze efficacy, tolerance, and adverse events of reversible contraceptives in women with cardiac disease. The authors studied prospectively, during a period of 24-39 (mean = 29) months, 89 women with heart disease of mean age 25.6 (16-42) years. Rheumatic heart disease was present in 73 cases (82%), congenital heart disease in 11 (11%), coronary artery disease in 2 (2%), and cardiomyopathy in 3 (3%). The patients were divided into three groups: GCO--35 patients taking combined oral contraceptives (30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 75 mg gestodene); GIT--27 patients using injectable progestagens (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate); and GUID--27 patients with IUDs. In the GCO group were found 4 cases (11.4%) of arterial hypertension, 1 (2.8%) of a transient cerebral ischemic attack, 3 (8.5%) of spotting, 1 (2.8%) of amenorrhea, and 1 (2.8%) of pregnancy. Interruption of this method occurred in 4 cases (11.4%): 2 due to hypertension, 1 due to pregnancy, and 1 due to amenorrhea. In the GIT group there were 2 cases (7.4%) of arterial hypertension, 18 (66.6%) of amenorrhea, and 3 (11.1%) of spotting. Interruption of use occurred in 5 cases (18.5%): 2 due to amenorrhea, 2 due to weight gain, and 1 due to headache. In the GUID group there was 1 case (3.7%) of infection, 1 (3.7%) of pregnancy, and 1 (3.7%) of spontaneous expulsion of the IUD. Interruption of use took place in 3 cases (11.1%): 1 due to infection, 1 due to pregnancy, and 1 due to expulsion. The comparison between the groups demonstrated a difference in the incidence of amenorrhea (p 0.005) and method discontinuation (p 0.025). Use of reversible contraceptives in women with heart disease was associated with an acceptable cardiovascular risk. Efficacy and side effects of the methods were comparable in the groups; however, intolerance was observed more in the GIT group. (author's modified)
 ...
PMID:[Contraceptive use in women with heart disease]. 893 85

Clinical records of 136 cardiac patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) followed in the cardiac clinic of the Black Lion Hospital were analysed. The mean age of the patients was 41 +/- 13 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.0:1.6. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) was found in 66.3%, hypertension in 10.3%, cardiomyopathy in 8.8% and ischaemic heart disease in 6.6%. Embolic episodes occurred in 26 (19.1%) cases with five deaths. Twenty-one patients had cerebrovascular accident while five had femoral artery occlusion. The major cause of embolisation was rheumatic valvular heart diseases (65.5%), especially mitral stenosis. In order to reduce the high risk of systemic emboli, it is recommended that patients with AF and associated recent onset of congestive heart failure, previous history of thromboembolism and hypertension should be anticoagulated if there are no contraindications.
 ...
PMID:Atrial fibrillation and embolic complications. 914 66

To assess the clinical characteristics and management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), we performed a prospective survey of all acute medical admissions over six months to our hospital. Of 7,451 such admissions, 245 had AF (110 male, 135 female; mean age 74.4 years). Of these, 213 were Caucasian, 10 black/Afro-Caribbean and 22 Asian. Complete data were available for 185 patients. Of these, 82 had newly diagnosed AF, 83 had previous chronic AF and 20 had paroxysmal AF. The main presenting features was dyspnoea, stroke and syncope. A history of ischaemic heart disease was present in 64, heart failure in 46, hypertension in 51 and rheumatic heart disease in 13, while 31 had a previous stroke. Chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly and pulmonary oedema in 121 patients, but was normal in 28. Echocardiography showed poor cardiac function in eight patients and enlarged left atria in five. Only 28% of those with previously diagnosed AF were on anticoagulation. Of the newly diagnosed patients, only 18% were started on anticoagulants. Cardioversion was attempted or planned in only 6%. The primary diagnosis on discharge was heart failure in 45, stroke in 24 and myocardial infarction in 12. AF remains a common arrhythmia among acute medical admissions and is commonly associated with heart failure and a high mortality. There is still a reluctance to start anticoagulant therapy or to perform cardioversion in such patients.
 ...
PMID:Acute admissions with atrial fibrillation in a British multiracial hospital population. 915 52

Presentation of 7 case reports of pheochromocytome, diagnosed and treated in our Centre between 1981 and 1995. Clinically all patients had hypertension. Three presented the triple condition of hypertension, pulsatile headache and palpitations. The most useful analytical studies were urine vainillylmandelic acid (VMA) and catecholamines. The main radiologic method was the scanner (CT). Pre-surgical preparation was with alpha-blockers in 5 patients, adding beta-blockers in 3. Treatment was surgical in all cases, and the approach was selected based on the tumour's size and location. One patient with severe rheumatic heart disease died on day 3 post-surgery. Mean follow-up is 19 months, and only one patient requires anti-hypertensive medication following surgery.
 ...
PMID:[Pheochromocytoma]. 941 19

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the United States, caused 960,592 deaths in 1995 (41.5% of all deaths). Approximately 58 million persons in the United States (20% of the total population) have one or more types of CVD, which include high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease, and other forms of heart disease. Behavioral risk factors for CVD and other chronic diseases include physical inactivity, a diet high in fat, overweight, and smoking. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and the American Heart Association recommend that all primary-care providers offer their patients counseling to promote physical activity, a healthy diet, and smoking cessation as part of the preventive health examination. To characterize the provision of counseling by physicians about preventive health behaviors during office visits in 1995, data were analyzed from CDC's National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicates that a high proportion of office visits in 1995 did not include counseling for the prevention of CVD.
 ...
PMID:Missed opportunities in preventive counseling for cardiovascular disease--United States, 1995. 948 Apr 10

A prospective study to determine the prevalence and profile of cardiovascular disease in elderly patients admitted into the medical wards, Kenyatta National Hospital, was carried out between July 1991 and January 1992. Two hundred and two patients over 60 years of age were admitted into the medical wards over this period. This formed seven per cent of the total medical admissions. Two of these refused to take part in the study. Of the 200 elderly patients evaluated for cardiovascular disease, 146 (73%) were between 60 and 75 years of age with only 26 (13%) being over 85 years. Fifty seven per cent were males. Clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease was present in 79 (39.5%) of the patients evaluated. There was no sex difference in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease as judged from clinical evaluation (37.7% males versus 41.9% females, p > 0.05). Cardiovascular diseases in our medical in-patients at Kenyatta National Hospital are common and especially so with hypertension which plays an important role in the aetiology of congestive heart failure and cerebravascular accidents. Cardiac arrhythmias are also common though not necessarily symptomatic. Rheumatic heart disease and cardiomyopathies were uncommon in our study population. A community-based survey is needed to determine the true prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly and their contribution to morbidity in this sector of the population.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular disease in elderly in-patients at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi-Kenya. 952 48

Factors associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) include increasing age, rheumatic heart disease, poor left ventricular function, previous myocardial infarction, hypertension and a past history of a thromboembolic event. Patients with AF should be considered for anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy based on the patient's age, the presence of other risk factors for stroke and the risk of complications from anticoagulation. In general, patients with risk factors for stroke should receive warfarin anticoagulation, regardless of their age. In patients who are under age 65 and have no other risk factors for stroke, either aspirin therapy or no therapy at all is recommended. Aspirin or warfarin is recommended for use in patients between 65 and 75 years of age with no other risk factors, and warfarin is recommended for use in patients without risk factors who are older than 75 years of age.
 ...
PMID:Indications for anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation. 967 28

572 consecutive patients with heart failure referred to the National Cardiothoracic Centre, Accra, Ghana, over a 4-year period were evaluated for the aetiology of heart failure using two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography with colour flow. The mean age of the subjects with heart failure was 42.3 +/- 0.9 years. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1.0. Combined heart failure was seen in 50.5% of subjects. Peak incidence of heart failure occurred in the 5th decade. The main causes of heart failure were hypertension (21.3%; n = 122), rheumatic heart disease (20.1%; n = 115) and cardiomyopathy (16.8%; n = 96). Congenital heart disease and coronary artery disease accounted for 9.8 and 10% of cases, respectively. The commonest rheumatic valvular lesion was mitral regurgitation (78%). Dilated cardiomyopathy was the commonest form of idiopathic cardiomyopathy (67.7%; n = 65). Endomyocardial fibrosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy accounted for 22.9% (n = 22) and 9.4% (n = 9), respectively, of cardiomyopathies.
 ...
PMID:Aetiology of heart failure as seen from a National Cardiac Referral Centre in Africa. 1089 1

This histological study of endocardial thickening in human hearts revealed that as in adult hearts, the proliferation in fetal, neonatal, and infant hearts consisted of collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle cells. Variation in severity from chamber to chamber and site to site indicated that severity is not an aging phenomenon and that predominantly local blood flow conditions determine localization and progression of proliferation. The similarity to endocardial thickening of cardiac valves and to intimal proliferation in blood vessels was remarkable. In old age and in chronic rheumatic heart disease the proliferation exhibited hyalinization, cell depletion, loss and fragmentation of elastin, lipid accumulation, and thrombosis, indicative of a similar pathogenesis to atherosclerotic changes in valvular endocardium and blood vessels. It was concluded that these chronic hemodynamically induced degenerative changes in the endocardium, including cardiac valves, should be classified as endocardial atherosclerosis analogous to that in arteries and veins and that severity is aggravated by high blood pressure, cardiac malformations, and dysfunction or damage caused by other disease processes.
 ...
PMID:The histopathology of endocardial sclerosis. 1098 16

To evaluate medical insurance claims for chronic disease investigation, claims from eight automotive machining plants (1984 to 1993) were linked with work histories (1967 to 1993), and associations with respiratory, cardiac, and cancer conditions were investigated, in a case-control design analyzed with logistic regression. The primary focus was tool grinding, but other important processes examined were metal-working, welding, forging, heat treat, engine testing, and diverse-skilled trades work. Considerable variability in claim-derived incidence rates across plants was not explained by age or known exposure differences. Asthma incidence increased in tool grinding (at mean cumulative duration: odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 10.0), as did non-ischemic heart disease (cardiomyopathy, cor pulmonale, rheumatic heart disease, or hypertension; OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.26 to 7.6). These trends appeared in models with deficits (OR < 1.0) for those ever exposed to tool grinding because of exposure-response miss-specification, demographic confounding, or removal of high-risk workers from the exposed group. The apparent cancer rates identified from claims greatly exceeded the expected rates from a cancer registry, suggesting that diagnostic, "rule-out," and surveillance functions were contributing. This study supports the epidemiologic use of medical insurance records in surveillance and, possibly, etiologic investigation and identifies issues requiring special attention or resolution.
 ...
PMID:Medical insurance claims and surveillance for occupational disease: analysis of respiratory, cardiac, and cancer outcomes in auto industry tool grinding operations. 1132 94


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>