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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

First prophylactic and therapeutic possibilities in cor pulmonale are shown on the basis of its pathogenesis. Our own results illustrate the effect of therapy of the underlying lung disease and of the concomitant respiratory insufficiency on the pulmonary arterial hypertension. The relationship between pulmonary artery pressure (PAp), arterial oxygen tension, forced expiratory volume of 1 second (FEV1%VC) and slow inspired viral capacity (VC) is analysed. In obstructive respiratory disorders the PAp rises when FEV1 falls below 40% of VC, in restrictive disorders when VC falls below 70% of predicted rate. 27 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease were treated with bronchodilator aerosols by intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) during 2 years after a control period of 2 years: VC and FEV1 improved, the increase of total lung capacity and the deterioration of arterial blood gases came to a halt. The elevated PAp was always significantly reduced by oxygen therapy or IPPB or the combination of both. Finally, the rationale for avoiding physical stress in established cor pulmonale is illustrated: in healthy men PAp increases by less than 20% when cardiac output is doubled. In patients with cor pulmonale PAp rises to three times the initial value under the same conditions.
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PMID:[Prevention and therapy of chronic cor pulmonale (author's transl)]. 2 May 29

Neoplastic thrombosis of the pulmonary artery is a rare and little known cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension. The clinical picture is one of acute respiratory failure and progressive right ventricular failure caused by pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension. In the living patient there is no way of distinguishing this condition from that of subacute cor pulmonale due to embolism, especially as the primary tumour is not always found either because it is too small or because it has already regressed by the time it has metastasised. The diagnosis usually rests on histological examination of the lungs, and two pathological types can be distinguished: carcinomatous lymphangitis with secondary invasion and thrombosis of the pulmonary arterioles on the one hand, and the neoplastic arterial emboli of a chorio-epithelioma on the other.
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PMID:[Pulmonary arterial hypertension caused by neoplastic thrombosis of the pulmonary artery]. 10 82

The volume of both ventricles was estimated in 25 hearts with chronic cor pulmonale. Also, the weight of the left ventricle, including the whole septum and the free part of the right ventricle, was determined to be 100 g. Distinct hypertrophy of the right ventricular part of the septum could be demonstrated in all cases. A weight increase of the left ventricle, including the whole septum, is frequently caused by the hypertrophic ventricular part of the septum. Th relative weight of the right ventricular portion )calculated according to Muller's method) was subtracted from the weight of the left ventricle plus the whole septum. After this weight correction, a hypertropyh of the left ventricle could only be demonstrated in cases with hypertension or renal arterio= and arteriolosclerosis. In one case of left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension could not be ruled out. In most of the cases a distinct dilation of the left ventricle could be found. The highest degrees of dilation were found in patients with brohchiectases of the lungs. Our results indicate that the structural dialation of the left ventricle may be due to an increased shunt-volume by bronchopulmonary anastomoses.
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PMID:[The left ventricle in chronic cor plumonale (author's transl)]. 12 6

Myocardial fiber disarray was found at necropsy in each of 53 hearts, 33 from patients with cardiovascular disease--systemic hypertension (12 patients), coronary heart disease (17 patients) or cor pulmonale (4 patients)--and 20 from patients with a normal heart. The myocardial fiber disarray was of mild degree in all 53 patients and, although similar to that observed by others in hearts of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the amount of myocardial fiber disarray per heart was considerably less than that observed in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:Muscle fiber disarray in common heart diseases. 14 8

The case files of 4,456 medical admissions in 1975--1976 at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria, included 354 cardiovascular patients. The most common causes were hypertension (45.5%), cardiomyopathy (20.6%) and chronic rheumatic heart disease (14.4%). The mean age of hypertensive and cardiovascular patients was lower than in Europe. The majority of hypertensive patients suffer from essential hypertension. Congestive cardiac failure is the commonest complication of hypertension and cardiomyopathy. Rheumatic valvular disease with mitral incompetence is frequent and sometimes severe in young people. Other cardiovascular diseases included pericardial disease, bacterial endocarditis, cor pulmonale, anaemic heart failure, congenital and syphilitic heart disease. Coronary heart disease was only encountered in non-Africans. Cardiovascular mortality in hospital was high (20%).
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PMID:Cardiovascular disease in Northern Nigeria. 31 94

The statistical investigation of fibrosis of the spleen capsule and of perisplenitis cartilaginea in 444 consecutive autopsy cases revealed a significant correlation between the changes of the spleen capsule and cor pulmonale, but no significant correlation to hypertension was detected. Therefore, fibrosis of the spleen capsule and perisplenitis cartilaginea can be used as a criterion for the postmortem diagnosis of cor pulmonale.
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PMID:[The consequences of fibrosis of spleen capsule and perisplenitis cartilaginea for the postmortem diagnosis of hypertension and cor pulmonale (author's transl)]. 65 16

In 1974 we published the "method of differentiated relative heart weight" for the evaluation of the postmortem heart weight. It is not the simple relation of heart to body weight of 1/200 that is used, but--depending on the body weight--1/175 for normal weight, 1/150 for underweight and 1/200 for overweight. This method is now submitted a test by means of 218 exactly diagnosed cases and the heart weights are compared with the mean values of Linzbach. If the weight of a heart is lower than the weight estimated by our method one can conclude, that the patient did not suffer from hypertension and/or from cor pulmonale. If the heart weight is higher than the estimated value a pathological heart weight is to be supposed, but normotension cannot be excluded, especially in women. In those cases the comparison of the heart weight with the mean values of Linzbach is recommended.
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PMID:[The evaluation of postomortem heart weight (author's transl)]. 91 18

The high incidence, great import, and long duration of cardiovascular diseases are reflected in high demands placed on the health services. Experience shows that utilization of the results of research in general practice is lagging behind. The application of any improvement in the diagnosis, therapy, and prevention in health care waits several years for its accomplishment. In order to improve this situation, the Ministry of Health of the CSR constituted, in line with WHO recommendations, a Department for Cardiovascular Diseases Control. The Department has worked out a programme of prevention and control of the major cardiovascular diseases, in particular, ischaemic heart disease, systemic hypertension and its complications, rheumatic heart disease, congenital cardiac and vascular defects, and cor pulmonale. New diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive procedures are first tried out in so-called model areas and are only after this introduced into the national health care of people suffering from or endangered by cardiovascular diseases. In parallel, organizational measures necessary for comprehensive care are implemented. The authors report on the experience gained so far with the realization of the programme of care of people suffering from IHD and acute myocardial infarction. They emphasize the importance of continual schooling of medical personnel and of health education of the entire population. They describe the implementation on a national scale of postgraduate cardiological courses intended especially for first-line doctors.
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PMID:Present state of cardiovascular community control programme in the Czech Socialist Republic. 94 76

The essential implication of the notion of risk factor is that preventive action should be undertaken if certain factors, predisposing to cardiovascular diseases are present in an individual or in a group. Risk factors are thus categorized from the pragmatic point of view, according to the relative ease and practicability of prophylactic intervention -- and their justification. A brief review of the risk factors of the major cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease, hypertension, chronic pulmonary heart disease, stroke, rheumatic heart disease and congenital malformations) shows that the risk factor concept is the basis of preventive cardiology.
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PMID:[Use of the risk factor concept in cardiovascular diseases (author's transl)]. 100 56

The clinical pattern of primary high altitude pulmonary arterial hypertension observed in permanent residents of mountain regions is described. The diagnostic value of some non-invasive instrumental methods in primary high altitude pulmonary artery hypertension is analysed: electro- and vectorcardiography, rheopulmonography, and indirect pulmonary artery pressure determination. It is suggested to distinguish the labile, stable and decompensated forms of the disease on the basis of its clinical and functional peculiarities. The criterion for the initial two forms consists in the persistence of the pulmonary artery pressure elevation, while the latter form is established when the high altitude cor pulmonale gets decompensated. Functional vasoconstriction of the pulmonary resistive vessels was shown to play an important role in the genesis of the disease: the administration of 0.5 mg of nitroglycerine and a 5-minute oxygen inhalation caused a positive dynamics in the indices of the pulmonary rheogramme and a reduction of the pulmonary artery pressure, which did not reach the level of the plane inhabitants, though.
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PMID:[Clinical and instrumental characteristics of primary high altitude arterial pulmonary hypertension]. 101 29


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