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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Left ventricular function was evaluated prospectively during 1 year in a controlled clinical study of 73 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. The control group comprised 68 patients matched for age and sex and with no evidence of airways obstruction. Left ventricular hypertrophy was found in 52% and systemic hypertension in 58% of patients in the study group compared with 6% and 15% respectively in the controls. Left ventricular hypertrophy was diagnosed in 70% of patients with chronic bronchitis and in 19% of those with chronic emphysema. Systemic hypertension was observed in 45% of the bronchitic type patients and in 81% of those with emphysema. The incidence of myocardial infarction in the study group was not lower than in the controls. The high frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease can probably be related to a similar high frequency of systemic hypertension. Hypertension per se does not explain left ventricular hypertrophy in all patients with chronic bronchitis, but hypoxemia and acidosis seem to be of pathogenetic importance in these cases.
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PMID:Systemic hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial infarction in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. 14 14

Pulmonary emphysema was reproduced in 126 rabbits by disorders of circulation in the pulmonary artery system with the development of pre- and postcapillary hypertension and hypovolemia of pulmonary circulation. Under conditions of pulmonary circulation hypertension changes in the lungs initially are of the compensatory-hypertrophic nature: hyperplasia and distention of capillaries, myoelastosis of respiratory bronchioles and closing plates of alveoli, hypertrophy of the muscle wall of arteries and veins. At later intervals (4--12 months), processes of atrophy, sclerosis and inflation develop in the lungs; changes in the lungs acquire the nature of emphysema. Anemia, parenchymal atrophy, sclerosis and inflation develop in the lungs due to a considerable reduction of circulation.
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PMID:[Morphogenesis of experimental emphysema induced by different circulation disorders in the lungs]. 42 39

One female patient--with slight pure mitral stenosis, mild hypertension and ischemic cardiomyopathy and disabling pulmonary emphysema--developed at 54 years of age permanent atrial fibrillation, had a gratuitous mitral commissurotomy four months later, sustained chronic fibrillation for 13 years, then spontaneously resumed sinus node command at age 67 without any discernible reason. Sinus rhythm was being maintained at follow-up nine months later. Her cardiac status of fair compensation under modest digitoxin and diuretic therapy has neither improved nor worsened with the return of atrial systole. The duration, in this observation, of permanent auricular fibrillation before spontaneous return of sinus rhythm, is one of the longest ever published, exceeded, to the best of my knowledge, only by one case of Lewis and by another one of Reeve and associates. Such an exceptional event points out a fascinating enigma: how can major longstanding atrial dysrhythmias (fibrillation, flutter), whose causes and pathogenesis seem at least partly elucidated, spontaneously disappeer in atria so badly diseased? I think we must humbly confess that no satisfactory explanation is at present available for this disconcerting phenomenon.
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PMID:Spontaneous resumption of sinus rhythm in an elderly patient after 13 years of permanent atrial fibrillation. 47 82

Lung emphysema was produced in 80 rats by tracheal chronic constriction and repeated instillations of 0.1% papain solution intratracheally. 17 animals survived 90 days of the experiment; a complete examination was performed on 14 experimental and 11 control animals. 9 rats of the experimental group had pulmonary hypertension, in 5 other rats the pulmonary arterial blood pressure was not different from that in the controls. The experimental animals with hypertension had arterial hypoxemia and increased weight of the right ventricle. All experimental rats (with and without pulmonary hypertension) had increased air spaces in the lung and thickened media of distal pulmonary vessels. After breathing 100% oxygen for 20 min, the pulmonary arterial blood pressure in animals with pulmonary hypertension decreased but did not reach the control level. The decrease of the mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure after oxygen breathing correlated well with the initial level of pulmonary hypertension and with the degree of hypoxemia during air breathing.
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PMID:Pulmonary hypertension in rats with papain emphysema. 52 27

73 welders were examined, who weld in an assembly room of a machine factory, mainly by an electric arc. In anamneses 60% of persons under examination notified of coughing, expectorating, dyspnoea during work, and frequent acute rhinitis. Clinical symptoms of respiratory tract disease, resulting from welding, were found in 10% of welders. Simple bronchitis, resistant bronchitis with pulmonary emphysema, pleural adhesions were diagnosed. In one case fibronodular tuberculosis was found (1%). In 8% of workers, aged 40--50, a dynamic arterial hypertension and radiological symptoms of aortosclerosis were found. 5% welders had granulocytopenia. Disturbances of the examined systems occurred in factory welders with duration of employment above 10 years.
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PMID:[Health conditions of a group of factory arc welders]. 68 52

Autopsies of 65 agabonds including 2 females are evaluated. Dwarfism, kyphoskoliosis and other skeletal deformities, malformations, disfigurations of the face and tatoo-marks are frequent exteriors. Compared with autopsies in other grous of population there are also numerical differences in internal diseases: In equivalent age groups ulcers of the stomach, duodenum or gastric resection respectively are found in 35,4% of our colective, in 8, % of clinical autopsies and in 4,8% of epileptic patients. Furthermore hypertension, myocardial infarction, chronic emphysema of the lungs and active tuberculosis of the lung are more frequent than in control groups...
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PMID:[Pathological-anatomical aspects of vagabondage (author's transl)]. 104 91

Left heart diseases, in particular mitral stenosis, are often associated with anatomic and functional alterations of the lung. According to the pulmonary structures involved they could be named chronic secondary intersticial and vascular lung diseases. Congenital heart diseases with pre- or post-tricuspid shunts are also often associated with anatomic and functional alterations of the lung. This condition also constitutes a chronic secondary vascular lung disease (atrial septal defect) or a chronic primary vascular lung disease ( ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus). Primary lung diseases (interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary emphysema, recurrent pulmonary embolism) are often associated with right ventricular hypertrophy with or without dilation, a condition commonly named chronic cor pulmonale. On the whole the interrelationships between heart and lung diseases are as follows: a) anatomic and functional alterations of the lung due to left heart diseases are mediated through pulmonary venous hypertension; b) anatomic and functional alterations of the lung due to congenital heart diseases are mediated through the increased pulmonary blood flow with or without transmission of the systemic blood pressure to the pulmonary vasculature, and c) anatomic and functional alterations of the right ventricle due to primary or secondary lung diseases are mediated through arterial pulmonary hypertension. In summary, the interrelationships between heart and lung diseases are mainly mediated through the pulmonary venous or pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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PMID:Cardiac and pulmonary diseases. A pathophysiologic interelationship. 113 Sep 7

In pulmonary emphysema, the normal features of pulmonary venous hypertension are often disturbed due to destruction of pulmonary tissue. The abnormal features are described.
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PMID:Radiological features of pulmonary venous hypertension in pulmonary emphysema. 120 37

The association of cigarette smoking and atherosclerorosis was investigated in 1320 autopsied men, 25--64 years of age. Aortic and coronary lesions were evaluated visually in coded specimens and objectively by analysis of radiographs. Using schedules that had been tested on pairs of living persons, interviewers obtained estimates of cigarette smoking habits of the deceased men from surviving relatives. Data were analysed for black and white men in the total sample of cases and also in groups according to the presence (selected disease group) or absence (basal group) of diseases thought to be associated with smoking (emphysema, lung cancer, etc.) or with coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, etc.). Atherosclerotic involvement of aorta and coronary arteries was greatest in heavy smokers and least in nonsmokers for both races in the total sample of cases, the basal group and the selected disease group.
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PMID:Cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis in autopsied men. 126 63

Although prison populations remain predominantly young, the number of older inmates in state and federal correctional facilities has been increasing. This report describes the results of a health survey of 119 male inmates 50 years of age and older residing in Iowa state correctional facilities. Subject's disease history included hypertension (40%), myocardial infarction (19%), and emphysema (18%). Most participants (97%) had missing teeth, 42% had gross physical functional impairments, and 70% smoked cigarettes. These findings have implications for health care provision and release planning.
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PMID:Health status of older male prisoners: a comprehensive survey. 153 97


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