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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A medical examination of 932 Vietnamese refugees was conducted within 1 month of their resettlement in Japan between 1989 and 1991. A variety of abnormalities were detected, including parasitic disease (78% prevalence), anemia (12%), HBsAg positive state (14%), liver dysfunction (10%), hypertension (0.8%), active pulmonary tuberculosis (2%) and syphilis (0.7%). These rates were still as high as the prevalence in previous studies of earlier immigrants from Vietnam. The high frequency of infectious diseases in recent Vietnamese refugees compared with the Japanese community leads to a recommendation for continuing medical examinations and treatment for new Vietnamese refugees.
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PMID:Health problems among Vietnamese refugees resettled in Japan. 793 34

In China, health care delivery follows a three-tiered structure set up in the 1950s for rural and urban areas. In 1990, China set baseline criteria for primary health care in rural areas which is largely funded by a reestablished rural cooperative medical care financing system. Financing reform efforts in urban areas are using a model through which contributions are collected from salaries and from local governments and other public organizations. The overall incidence of infectious diseases is more than 500/100,000 people, but associated mortality has declined. Diseases covered by the Expanded Programme of Immunology have been controlled, but China is at high risk for viral hepatitis (epidemics of hepatitis A infections occurred in 1988), and incidence of tuberculosis has increased. In addition, the HIV/AIDS epidemic is spreading rapidly with an estimated 50,000-100,000 infected. Parasitic diseases are also widespread, and causes of death seen in developed countries (hypertension, stroke, coronary health disease, cancer, and diabetes) are increasing. With 510 million people living in iodine-deficient areas, iodine deficiency diseases have disabled an estimated 8 million people. China has promised to eradicate iodine-deficiency by the year 2000. The disabling Kaschin-Beck disease is also endemic in China. Occupational diseases threaten nearly 20 million Chinese people, and the prevalence of smoking and alcohol abuse is increasing, especially among young people. By the year 2000, 10% of the population will be older than 60, and 30% of this group will have health problems requiring care. The health care system is, thus, undergoing rapid change to meet its new challenges.
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PMID:Health care delivery system and major health issues in China. 898 46

Blood and urinary tests which are necessary for pregnancy diagnosis and follow-up, for newborn and mother medical supervision, during the month following birthday, are today described in reglementary texts, laws, and recommendations such as advised medical references (RMO). These documents specify the nature of obligatory tests, the checking rhythm and the list of useless tests. hCG research remains necessary for pregnancy diagnosis, but hCG dosage is essential only in case of programmed medical assistance or pathological pregnancy (extrauterine pregnancy, hydatiform mole, choriocarcinoma). The obligatory follow-up of a pregnant woman includes determination of blood groups, research of infectious agents responsible for diseases (toxoplasmosis, rubeola, hepatitis B, syphilis), proteinuria and glycosuria research and blood count according to a given calendar. When the mother's condition is bad and reminiscent of a pathological pregnancy, when a genetic risk exists for the fetus or when fetal growth is abnormal as indicated by echographic control (intra-uterine growth retardation), laboratory tests are used to follow the maternal pathological course (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, anemia, bacterial, viral or parasitic disease), to verify the existence of a genetic disease, to know about the fetal functional state (by amniocentesis or cordocentesis), to identify an erythrocyte fetomaternal incompatibility. Since last trimester pregnancy accidents are able to endanger mother's and fetus lives, the feto-maternal follow-up must be adjusted to pathological diagnosis types and requires a particular supervision of the delivery. Finally mother and child must undergo a post-natal follow-up during the four weeks after birthday (perinatality control).
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PMID:[Pregnancy and perinatality: biological follow-up]. 930 27

Cysticercosis is the most frequent parasitic disease of the central nervous system in the world and is endemic in such developing countries as Mexico. There is insufficient information about neurocysticercosis in children. The purpose of this study was to collect information on the main social factors associated with neurocysticercosis, the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment, and the final outcome in 122 Mexican children. The ages of the patients ranged from 14 months to 17 years, with a mean of 8 years; 51 male (41.8%) and 71 female (51.8%) patients were seen; half of these patients (61) lived in well-urbanized areas; the parents of 77 families (57.3%) had only an elementary school grade average, and 46 (37.7%) lived in close proximity to animals. The most common features were seizures, intracranial hypertension and learning disabilities. The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was supported by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging studies and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. The treatment was varied, with anti-convulsives, steroids, and albendazole, and only 8 patients underwent ventriculo-peritoneal shunts for hydrocephalus. The follow-up ranged from 6 months to 5 years; 90 patients became asymptomatic; 6 developed refractory epilepsy; 14, learning disabilities; and 10, a chronic type of the disease with repeated episodes of intracranial hypertension; 2 died because of chronic arachnoiditis.
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PMID:Neurocysticercosis in children. Clinical experience in 122 patients. 945 78

Schistomiasis or bilharziosis remains an endemic parasitic disease in many countries world wide. Urogenital, intestinal and hepatic symptoms are common. The brain is exceptionally involved and very few cases have been described in the literature. We report the case of a 35-Year-old male with a history of hematuria and bladder disorders, who developed signs of intracranial hypertension and a cerebellar syndrome over a period of one Month. Brain MRI disclosed a cerebellar lesion and a pelvic CT scan revealed a bladder tumor. Treatment consisted in a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt and corticosteroid therapy. Cystoscopy was performed for total resection of the bladder lesion. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of schistomiasis. Surgery was also performed to approach the cerebellar lesion. Histopathology showed the inflammatory nature of the lesion. The patient was given an antiparasitic treatment. Clinical and radiological radiological manifestations regressed.
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PMID:[Cerebellar schistomiasis. A case report]. 1509 23

Neurocysticercosis is a pathology that we are finding nowadays over the immigrant population. It is produced by the Taenia solium parasite when it encyst into the central nervous system. The most frequent clinic is the focal crisis though it can come up as a general crisis; hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension and even encephalitis can also happen. Its diagnosis is mainly based on imaging methods. The treatment is still controversial and must be individualized. The indication of antiparasitic drugs like albendazole and praziquantel has to be considered depending on the viability of the parasite, the number of cysts and their localization. If a cyst grows up the treatment is always recommended. In the case of an intracranial hypertension arises, this has to be treated before initiating any other action against the parasitic disease. Antiepileptic drugs are necessary to treat the symptoms. In some cases it is also recommended the use of steroids before and during the administration of antiparasitic therapy and even independently on their own.
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PMID:[Neurocysticercosis: report of three cases and recommendations of treatment]. 1537 21

Acquired toxoplasmosis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii. Humans are infected by consuming undercooked or raw meat containing tissue cysts or by ingesting oocysts in food or water contaminated with feline faeces. Most cases of Toxoplasma gondii infections in immunocompetent individuals are asymptomatic. Although acquired toxoplasmosis is usually a mild infection, it may be life-threatening in immunocompromised patients. In this report we present a 67-year-old HIV-negative woman with acute toxoplasmic perimyocarditis, heart failure and with a history of ischemic heart disease, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The diagnosis was based on clinical characteristics, echocardiographic examinations, elevated inflammatory markers and the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. We conclude that Toxoplasma gondii infection should be considered in each case of perimyocarditis with concomitant, significant diagnostic and therapeutic problems, especially in immunocompromised patients. This paper also reviews differential diagnosis of elevated CA 125 serum levels in postmenopausal women.
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PMID:[Acute toxoplasmic perimyocarditis in a 67-year-old HIV-negative woman--a case report]. 1696 18

Cysticercosis: parasitic disease which affects 3% of the population in Mexico. It is considered that there are more than 50 million infected people in the world, endemic in Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, Asia and India. It is considered the most important neurological infectious disease world-wide for its clinical manifestations. The causal agent in pigs and humans is the cysticercus of the Taenia solium, that can lodge in muscle, brain and ventricles. If pork meat contaminated with cysticercus is eaten, the tapeworm will live in the human intestine and create thousands of eggs that are excreted by the feces. When food contaminated with fecal matter is consumed by man or pig, the cisticercosis is disseminated in several parts of the organism, specially CNS. Man is the only host of the tapeworm and the pig is the only intermediary, reason why the prevalence of the teniasis-cisticercosis depends on this bond. It is diagnosed in endemic zones by the presence of convulsion crises, focal migraine, neurological symptoms, disorders of vision, endocraneal hypertension and CT scan with hypodense zones or cysts with a hyperdense ring. The antiparasitic treatment in children is controversial among pediatricians; it is suggested to use it only in the non calcified cystic phase and in cases associated with epilepsy. Few are the cases of hydrocephalic or intraventricular cysticercus that need surgical treatment.
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PMID:[Pediatric neurocysticercosis]. 1924 9

Inflammation is likely a critical underlying etiology in many forms of severe pulmonary hypertension (PH), and schistosomiasis-associated PH, one of the most common causes of PH worldwide, is likely driven by the host response to parasite antigens. More than 200 million people are infected with schistosomiasis, the third most common parasitic disease, and approximately 1% of those chronically infected develop PH. Acute cutaneous infection causes inflammation at the site of parasite penetration followed by a subacute immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity response as the parasite migrates through the lungs. Chronic schistosomiasis infection induces a granulomatous inflammation around ova deposited in the tissue. In particular, Schistosoma mansoni migrates to the portal venous system and causes preportal fibrosis in a subset of individuals and appears to be a prerequisite for PH. Portal hypertension facilitates shunting of ova from the portal system to the pulmonary arterial tree, resulting in localized periovular pulmonary granulomas. The pulmonary vascular remodeling is likely a direct consequence of the host inflammatory response, and portopulmonary hypertension may be a significant contributor. New specific therapies available for PH have not been widely tested in patients with schistosomiasis and often are unavailable for those infected in resource-poor areas of the world where schistosomiasis is endemic. Furthermore, the current PH therapies in general target vasodilation rather than vascular remodeling and inflammation. Further research is needed into the pathogenic mechanism by which this parasitic infection results in pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH, which also may be informative regarding the etiology of other types of PH.
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PMID:Schistosomiasis-associated pulmonary hypertension: pulmonary vascular disease: the global perspective. 2052 77

Parasitic diseases have been known to cause pulmonary vascular lesions. Schistosomiasis is the most common parasitic disease associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension, although other trematodes have been implicated. Systematic evaluation of and interest in this problem have been rekindled because of the current availability of pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment.
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PMID:Pulmonary vascular disease associated with parasitic infection--the role of schistosomiasis. 2063 25


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