Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 14-year-old girl had a 3-month history of headache and blurred vision. Funduscopy showed bilateral optic disc edema. Findings on brain imaging were normal, and a diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension was confirmed after lumbar puncture showed an elevated opening pressure of 32 cm H(2)O. Optic nerve head drusen were noted on computed tomography scan and confirmed with B-scan ultrasound. After 2 years, resolution of symptoms coincided with variable compliance to treatment with acetazolamide and concomitant papilledema. In general, optic disc edema poses a clinical conundrum due to the more common occurrence of optic nerve head drusen, potentially resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
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PMID:Optic nerve head drusen and idiopathic intracranial hypertension in a 14-year-old girl. 1964 6

This is a 25-year observational retrospective review of 372 consecutive participants with optic disc drusen or resolved papilloedema from idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The prevalence of optic disc drusen at 19% among eyes with resolved papilloedema was approximately 10 times higher and significantly increased (p < 0.001) as compared with the occurrence in the general population. Eyes with both resolved papilloedema and optic disc drusen had similar visual acuity and visual field outcome as compared with resolved papilloedema alone. Eyes with exposed drusen had significantly worse visual acuity and visual field outcome (p < 0.001) than buried drusen. The high prevalence of optic disc drusen after papilloedema has resolved suggests a non-coincidental relationship. Optic disc drusen formation can be a sequela of papilloedema.
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PMID:Increased Prevalence of Optic Disc Drusen after Papilloedema from Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: On the Possible Formation of Optic Disc Drusen. 2792 3

The presence of optic nerve swelling in pediatric patients is a frequent cause for referral to pediatric ophthalmologists and neuro-ophthalmologists because this finding can be the harbinger of serious neurologic disease including brain tumor, demyelinating disease, infiltrative disease of the optic nerve, or idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) are common and can be particularly difficult to distinguish from true optic nerve swelling in pediatric patients because the ONHD are typically buried beneath the substance of the optic nerve. Correct identification of ONHD is relevant because of the visual morbidity associated with this condition and because of the need to distinguish pseudopapilledema secondary to ONHD from true optic nerve swelling. A variety of imaging modalities may be employed to evaluate for the presence of ONHD, including ultrasound, optical coherence tomography (OCT), enhanced depth imaging-OCT, fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and optical coherence tomography angiography. To date, there is no consensus as to which of these techniques is most accurate and which should be part of a standardized evaluation for children suspected of ONHD. This review examines the recent literature analyzing these diagnostic tools and summarizes data regarding best practices for identifying ONHD.
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PMID:Diagnosis and Imaging of Optic Nerve Head Drusen. 3115 91