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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An exceptional case of a large intracranial extradural lymphoma arising from the skull and causing intracranial hypertension syndrome, in the absence of other localizations elsewhere in the body is described. Only another similar observation was reported in the literature. The diagnosis of this exceptional localization of lymphomas, which can mimic other intracranial tumors, is discussed on the basis of the computer-tomography findings and the usefulness of the radiotherapy is pointed out.
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PMID:Primary lymphoma of the cranial vault. 345 61

Four men and four women, aged 16 to 43, developed dural sinus thrombosis, five patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (L.A.L.) and three with non Hodgkin malignant lymphoma (N.H.M.L.). All the cases of L.A.L. were F.A.B.-2 subtype without any unusual hematological features. In 6 cases, the disorders occurred during the phase of therapeutical induction (E.O.R.T.C.-A.L.L.-H.R. protocol) at D5, D10, D15, D26, D30, D38, and in 2 cases during maintenance after a period of remission. All patients had received Vincristine and Prednisone, intrathecal Methotrexate in 5 cases, encephalic irradiation in 3 cases and L-Asparaginase in one case. Three women were taking contraceptive drugs. The neurological symptoms and signs were headache due to intracranial hypertension in 6 cases, Grand Mal seizures in 5 cases, focal seizures in 2 cases, a regressive hemiparesis in 4 cases, stupor in 3 cases. CT scan was abnormal in 4 cases, displaying oedema in 3 cases and an hemorrhagic infarction in 1 case. Angiography showed in all cases occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus in 7 cases and of the transverse sinus on 1 case. Six patients received anticoagulant therapy. Outcome was fatal in 3 cases: in 2 cases of L.A.L., the condition worsened rapidly after the onset and death was related to a tentorial herniation; in 1 case of N.H.M.L. death resulted from an intercurrent infection.
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PMID:[Dural venous sinus occlusions in hemopathies]. 385 30

Burkitt's lymphoma was first reported by Burkitt in 1958 as a sarcoma involving the jaw in African children with characteristic symptoms. Forty three Japanese cases have been reported since the first description by Oboshi et al. in 1969. We report a case of Burkitt's lymphoma with left total ophthalmoplegia. A 73-year-old Japanese female was admitted in Sadamoto Hospital on July 11, 1983 with a two-week history of headache, ptosis and double vision. The patient was exposed to the atomic bomb in Hiroshima and had ten-year history of hypertension. On admission, physical examination showed hypertension and neurological examination revealed only left total ophthalmoplegia (such as left ptosis, external ophthalmoplegia, mydriasis and deficit of light reflex). Plain X-ray film and enhanced CT scan showed no remarkable abnormalities. Laboratory examinations revealed high serum levels of GOT(51 K.U.) and LDH (1300 U.). Left carotid and right retrograde branchial angiograms showed no remarkable abnormal findings. While the patient was treated only conservatively, left abducent and trochleal nerve palsy appeared on August 5, 1983. On plain and enhanced CT scans at the time, abnormal density mass with bone destruction of the left sphenoidal sinus was demonstrated. Biopsy specimen from the left sphenoidal sinus showed lymphosarcomatous cells. Peripheral blood and bone marrow smears showed lymphoma cells which are compatible with L3-Burkitt's type according to FAB leukemia classification. The patient was diagnosed as leukemic transformation of Burkitt's lymphoma and treated with CHOP; Cyclophosphamide (C), Hydroxydaunorubicin(H), Vincristine (O), and Prednisolone (P).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of Burkitt's lymphoma with total ophthalmoplegia]. 408 40

Twenty-six patients with ocular inflammatory disorders of presumed autoimmune origin were treated with oral cyclosporine. Cyclosporine is a potent T cell regulatory agent that has been utilized extensively in organ transplantation. In general, the patients in this study did not have chronic debilitating illnesses that are observed in organ transplant recipients, did not receive corticosteroids in addition to cyclosporine, and did not undergo any surgical procedure during their treatment. This study describes the observed adverse reactions in this group of patients not undergoing transplantation. The reported side effects of cyclosporine in organ transplant recipients have included nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, infections, lymphoma, hirsutism, gingivitis, and central nervous system toxicity. Side effects were observed that were similar to those in previous reports, but the severity of the nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity appeared to be less. Nephrotoxicity occurred in eight patients and hepatotoxicity occurred in one patient. No lymphomas were seen. Hypertension and anemia each were observed in six patients. In addition, previously unreported effects of hyperuricemia, elevated sedimentation rate, and hidradenitis were observed. However, the overall severity of the side effects did not seriously affect the usage of cyclosporine in the patients in this study. Cyclosporine may be useful in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases.
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PMID:Side effects of systemic cyclosporine in patients not undergoing transplantation. 648 41

Clinical and patho-immunological study was made on 15 cases of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma. The average age of the patients was 45.2, however older man suffered more than younger one. Male to female ratio was 3:2. The duration between onset to diagnosis was less than 6 months in 13 cases. The common signs and symptoms were hemiparesis (60%) and signs of intracranial hypertension (45%), followed by disturbance of consciousness, visual disturbances, convulsion and signs of inflammation. The location of the lesions was in parietal lobe (44%), temporal lobe (27.8%), cerebellum (22.2%), brain stem and basal ganglia (18%). Multiple lesions were found in 4 cases. CT scan was the most diagnostic method not only to delineate the location of lesions but also to recognize the biological natures of this condition. The radiosensitivity of this tumor was also confirmed by follow-up CT scans during radiotherapy. Most of the lesions were avascular by carotid angiography, but capillary blush at the tumor site was shown in some cases. Laboratory findings revealed that derangement of gamma globulin in the serum and decline of cellular immunity were demonstrated in many cases. Surgical removal followed by whole skull irradiation was made in all cases except one. Remission of neurological signs and symptoms with disappearance of lesions on CT scan was obtained in 7 cases for one to 9 months. All cases except two survival, died during 3 to 28 months (average: 10.1). Survival rate at one year and 2 years was 35.7% and 14.3% respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Malignant intracranial lymphoma--clinical and patho-immunological study]. 660 23

Distal esophageal varices are most frequently associated with portal hypertension, while varices of the upper esophagus are occasionally observed in patients with vena caval obstruction. One hundred and nineteen cases of upper esophageal varices (downhill varices) have been reported in the literature. We report 6 cases (4 men and 2 women), with vena caval obstruction. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in one patient. Endoscopy showed varices in the proximal third of the esophagus in 5 patients and in the proximal half of the esophagus in the other patient. Superior vena cavogram demonstrated total or partial occlusion of the vena cava in 6 cases, with opacification of the right azygos vein in 4 cases and thrombosis of this vein in one case. Superior vena caval obstruction was secondary to malignant lymphoma in 2 cases, to malignant thymoma in 2 cases, to malignant thyroid tumor in one case and to anaplastic bronchogenic carcinoma in one case. Clinical symptoms of vena caval obstruction are present in 91.4 p. 100 of the cases in the literature. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage are observed in 7.6 p. 100 of cases. It is generally agreed that the predominant factors involved in the determination of the downward extension of varices along the esophagus are the level of superior vena caval obstruction and its duration. Because of the risk of digestive hemorrhage and of the topographic meaning of the degree of extension, upper esophageal varices should be routinely searched in patients with vena caval hypertension.
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PMID:[Upper esophageal varices. Study of 6 cases and review of the literature]. 665 76

The association of malignant pheochromocytoma and poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma has not previously been reported. A case is presented of a 58-year old man with a 20-year history of malignant pheochromocytoma well controlled on Dibenzyline who was found to have poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. During lymphoma chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (VCP) he developed tachycardia and syncope accompanied by severe hypertension. During the next course of chemotherapy one month later, 24-hour urinary VMA, metanephrine and catecholamine values were determined before, during and after the chemotherapy and were found to have increased two- to ten-fold. This suggests that VCP caused tumor lysis with release of catecholamines into the circulation.
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PMID:Malignant pheochromocytoma. Severe clinical exacerbation and release of stored catecholamines during lymphoma chemotherapy. 689 44

The clinical and pathologic features of three cases of surgically removed myelolipoma of the adrenal gland are presented. As with 18 previously reported cases, the lesions were found in obese, middle-aged persons; two of three had chronic, systemic disease (vasculitis and lymphoma, sustained hypertension). The only symptom possibly attributable to the neoplasm was nonspecific abdominal pain, and each lesion was identified by inferior renal displacement on intravenous urography. As computed tomography becomes widely available, the authors expect more myelolipomas to be detected that require surgical exploration, since there are no satisfactory, specific radiographic criteria to differentiate adrenal myelolipoma from adrenocortical carcinoma.
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PMID:Myelolipoma: an unusual surgical lesion of the adrenal gland. 705 29

Computed tomographic (CT) findings in 25 patients with an abnormal hilum were reviewed. Fourteen had bronchogenic carcinoma, four had lymphoma, four had metastatic carcinoma, one had severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, and two had a hilar mass of unknown cause. The CT findings were (a) a local alteration in normal hilar contour; (b) generalized hilar enlargement; (c) distortion or obstruction of bronchi; (d) irregular or poorly defined hilar contours; (e) obscured vascular branches; and (f) obscuration or thickening of the posterior right upper lobe bronchus, bronchus intermedius, or left main bronchus. A localized alteration in hilar contour and bronchial abnormalities were most frequently seen.
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PMID:Computed tomography of the abnormal pulmonary hilum. 726 86

We report a 30 year old male, presenting eight years after receiving a kidney transplant with intracranial hypertension and two hyperdense masses detected in a brain CAT scan, whose histopathological study revealed a giant cell immunoblastic lymphoma. The patient was successfully treated with chemo and radiotherapy and after 18 months of follow up there is no evidence of tumoral relapse. Immunocompromised patients, specially transplant recipients, had a several fold higher incidence of malignant tumors, specially primary lymphomas of the central nervous system. These are generally of B type, are associated to Epstein Barr virus and have a high mortality. Cancer must be considered in the differential diagnosis of masses of uncertain origin in transplant recipients.
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PMID:[Primary cerebral lymphoma following+ kidney transplant: a case report and review of the literature]. 765 1


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