Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acromegaly is a chronic, debilitating condition caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH). In the majority of cases the condition results from benign pituitary adenomas or, rarely, from ectopic production of GH-releasing hormone. Regardless of the cause, excess GH results in physical disfigurement associated with arthropathy, diabetes, hypertension, cardiac dysfunction, obstructive sleep apnea and colonic neoplasia. The death rate for acromegalic patients is 2 to 3 times higher than that of the general population, but with appropriate reduction of GH hypersecretion it tends to shift into the normal range. Treatment is thus aimed at normalizing GH secretion; eradicating or stabilizing the pituitary tumour while preserving normal pituitary function, and managing the associated complications. The treatment modalities available to achieve these objectives include transsphenoidal surgery, pharmacotherapy and radiation, or various combinations of these. This review provides an update on our current understanding of the pathophysiology of GH hypersecretion in acromegaly, the newly defined diagnostic criteria and the end point for a cure for acromegaly, and on new developments in drug treatment with the advent of slow-release forms of somatostatin analogues and the longer-acting dopamine receptor agonists, as well as in the area of radiotherapy. Its main purpose is to guide any physician involved in the diagnosis and management of patients with acromegaly.
 ...
PMID:Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly: a Canadian perspective. 1091 48

The health needs of the elderly people of Mangaung were assessed through a survey. Three hundred and forty respondents were interviewed. Health needs were clustered around physical, social and psychological aspects. It was found that the elderly cope well in the community and was less hospitalized. There were respondents who were medically diagnosed with physical conditions such as hypertension found in 47.9% and joint diseases in 33.4%, but managed themselves at home. More than 80% had a satisfactory hygiene status although 52.8% could not care for their toenails. Symptoms of depression were found in less than 50% of respondents. With regard to social needs 88.9% had living children who were their source of support. However, more than 40% respondents had no knowledge of community services. This study indicated that the elderly have needs to be met and the nurse can assess and plan for the elderly and refer conditions that needs multidisciplinary approach.
 ...
PMID:Health needs assessment of the elderly people of Mangaung. 1104 Jun 35

Age is a major risk factor for solid tumors, including breast cancer. The majority of elderly breast cancer patients have oestrogen-dependent tumors, thus, tamoxifen is widely administered. However, it has been noted that tamoxifen-related thrombotic events are not exceptional. Due to the increasing prevalence of comorbidity, including vascular diseases, with age, such events are more frequently observed in the aged patients. Formestane, a selective steroidal aromatase inhibitor, may represent a therapeutic option after failure with tamoxifen, or in the presence of vascular diseases contraindicating its administration. The present report provides a new clinical experience on a consecutive series of 45 elderly breast cancer women affected by moderate to severe degree of comorbidity and disability measured by a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) scale validated on oncological patients. Formestane was given intramuscularly at the dose of 250 mg every 2 weeks. The study included 31 patients who had metastatic disease, and 14 who received formestane as an adjuvant treatment. Median age was 74 years (range 65-93), with nine patients > 80 years. Median ECOG Performance Status (PS) was one. The more frequent comorbidities observed in our series were arthrosis-arthritis (64.4% of patients), hypertension (44.4%), vascular diseases (35.5%), CNS diseases (28.8%). Twenty percent of patients presented at least one dependency in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and 51.2% in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). The treatment was well tolerated - only two patients interrupted formestane because of minor adverse reaction at the injection site and generalised itching. In particular Formestane was not responsible for any worsening of pre-treatment comorbidities, especially hypertension and vascular diseases. Objective responses (OR) were observed in 11.1% of advanced patients, while the disease was stabilised in 51.8% subjects. Median duration of OR was 12 months; median overall survival was 11 months. Among patients receiving formestane as adjuvant treatment, three relapsed, with a time to failure (TTF) of 12 months. Formestane is effective and minimally toxic in an elderly breast cancer population with comorbidities and disabilities measured by CGA.
 ...
PMID:Formestane is feasible and effective in elderly breast cancer patients with comorbidity and disability. 1107 86

Obesity is one of the pathologies with ever-increasing prevalence in modern societies. Its occurrence is strongly associated with increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, heart and respiratory failure, breast, prostate and gut cancer, gall stones, arthropathy. Obesity is common in Polish population. Obesity treatment is difficult and frustrating. It consists of several parts like diet, increased physical activity, lifestyle changes, drug therapy and surgery. However, obesity treatment is very often a failure, mostly because of discouraging long-term results and the necessity of intensive patient's involvement in the therapy. For many patients and doctors weight-decreasing agents look promising. The groups of anti-obesity drugs are presented in the article, with special reference to serotoninergic agents and intestinal lipase inhibitors. The prospects for new anti-obesity agents are discussed. Nevertheless, despite intensive research on obesity, we are still waiting for the development of an effective and safe drugs helping lose weight.
 ...
PMID:[The role of pharmacotherapy for treatment of obesity in adults]. 1120 19

The present study constitutes the Italian part of the SENECA Study: 89 elderly (39 men and 50 women), born between 1913-1918, were studied to evaluate health status, quality of life and mortality. The great part of the subjects (84.6% of men, 76% of women) was able to move outdoors and to use stairs without difficulty. 97.4% of men and 94 % of women practised physical activities (walking). 15% of men and 40% of women declared "good health"; 2% of men and 14% of women declared "poor health". The most frequent chronic disease was arthritis/arthrosis in both genders, especially in women, followed by osteoporosis in women, hypertension in men. The use of medicines was high (79.5% in men, 82% in women); instead, few subjects used vitamin/mineral supplements. The cognitive function of almost all the subjects was good. Mortality was significantly higher) in men (71%) than is women (29%)(p<0.0001). The most frequent causes of death were malignant neoplasia (47.3% in men, 40% in women) and cardiovascular disease (28.2% in men, 40% in women). In conclusion, in sample, although the opinion of our most of subjects about their health status was good, chronic diseases were common. Arthrosis was the most frequent chronic disease. Malignant neoplasia was the first cause of death in both genders.
 ...
PMID:Health status, quality of life and mortality in a randomized Italian elderly people. 1181 77

In this retrospective study data of 257 patients (11- 6 years; 52 % male, 48 % female) admitted during the last three years for treatment of sudden unilateral hearing loss are statistically evaluated. No correlation with coexisting disease like hypertension, coronary heart disease, hypercholesteremia, arthropathy of the cervical spine, diabetes, thyroid disorders or nicotine abuse were evident. In 194 patients (75 %) total remission was achieved after rheological therapy. Patients additionally treated with steroids had a significant better outcome. Younger patients had higher remission rates. The best prognosis was found for patients with hearing loss in the lower frequency range. There were no differences in remission rates for patients with preexisting sensorineural hearing loss or chronic otitis media. Also patients suffering from recurrent episodes of sudden hearing loss had a similar outcome also.
 ...
PMID:[Epidemiological data of patients with sudden hearing loss -- a retrospective study over a period of three years]. 1254 57

The investigation presents three cultural universes of those suffering from arterial hypertension, diabetes and arthrosis, describing the different dimensions and interpreting their meaning. The ethnographic method was utilized, using the ethnographic interview and participant observation and for the interpretation, the symbolic interactionism and other authors. Convergences in the dimensions arise in which the three diseases are perceived: the loss of well-being and social support, fear of disability and death. perception of the family and accepting the chronicity, interest in alternative medicine. The informants of this study perceive nursing care with ambiguity.
 ...
PMID:[Symbolic meanings of patients with chronic diseases]. 1472 47

This review focuses on the systemic complications of acromegaly. Mortality in this disease is increased mostly because of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, although currently neoplastic complications have been questioned as a relevant cause of increased risk of death. Biventricular hypertrophy, occurring independently of hypertension and metabolic complications, is the most frequent cardiac complication. Diastolic and systolic dysfunction develops along with disease duration; and other cardiac disorders, such as arrhythmias, valve disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction, are also common in acromegaly. Control of acromegaly by surgery or pharmacotherapy, especially somatostatin analogs, improves cardiovascular morbidity. Respiratory disorders, sleep apnea, and ventilatory dysfunction are also important contributors in increasing mortality and are advantageously benefitted by controlling GH and IGF-I hypersecretion. An increased risk of colonic polyps, which more frequently recur in patients not controlled after treatment, has been reported by several independent investigations, although malignancies in other organs have also been described, but less convincingly than at the gastrointestinal level. Finally, the most important cause of morbidity and functional disability of the disease is arthropathy, which can be reversed at an initial stage, but not if the disease is left untreated for several years.
 ...
PMID:Systemic complications of acromegaly: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management. 1476 29

The objective of this study is to clarify the difference of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) profiles by disease category with the SF-36 questionnaires, and to examine the possibility of application for a longitudinal study. A number of subjects was 536, specifically 127 men and 409 women. For all of the eight domains, Cronbach's alpha exceeded 0.7. Categories in which all of the domains were approximately equal to the national standard included hypertension, neck and shoulders syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and cardiac disease. Bodily pain was especially lower in gastrointestinal disorder, spondylopathy and hemopathy. Patients with mental disorder had lower scores in all domains. Categories in which 5-7 of the eight domains had lower scores included arthropathy, asthma, chronic hepatitis, autonomic imbalance, 'ovariopathy and hysteropathy' and chronic rheumatism. No significant change was found between the first and second scores in hypertension as a representative of the high HRQoL categories. In mental disorder as a representative of the low HRQoL categories, however, five of the eight domains increased significantly. We concluded that a target disease should be chosen among subjects with low HRQoL scores before an intervention to assess its effectiveness. Or subjects with high HRQoL scores can be examined to determine whether they keep the same level of HRQoL.
 ...
PMID:Health-related quality of life in outpatients of a psychosomatic medicine clinic: a pilot survey in Japan. 1571 82

Charcot spinal arthropathy has been described as a late complication of spinal cord injury. In patients with these injuries in whom the spine below the level of injury is insensate, joint trauma can progress until spinal instability ensues. The authors describe the case of a 50-year-old man with complete C-8 tetraplegia who experienced a 4-month history of episodic severe headaches, profuse sweating over his face and arms, and episodic severe hypertension in addition to a "grinding" sensation in the lower back. Charcot arthropathy at the T11-12 levels with pathological mobility was demonstrated on neuroimaging. Intraoperatively, a complete spinal cord transection was identified. Anterior and posterior thoracolumbar fusion across the mobile segment resulted in complete amelioration of signs and symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia. This entity, a common condition in the setting of spinal cord injury, has many triggers. Definitive treatment is targeted at the removal of the underlying cause. As demonstrated here, Charcot spinal arthropathy can act as a powerful trigger for induction of autonomic dysreflexia. Treatment of the associated spinal instability resulted in eradication of all signs and symptoms of the dysreflexia.
 ...
PMID:Charcot arthropathy in relation to autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury: case report and review of the literature. 1587 89


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>