Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present report relates to pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of male impotence. The transdermal application of a potent derivative of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) coupled to a suitable hydrophobic moiety (e.g. stearyl-VIP) in a suitable ointment composition (e.g. Sefsol) enhances sexual activity and erection formation in a variety of impotence models in rats (sterile rats, diabetic rats, and animals with high blood pressure). Furthermore, exchange of the methionine in position 17 with norleucine enhances biological activity. Thus, stearyl-Nle17-VIP may be considered useful for the treatment of impotence.
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PMID:Stearyl-norleucine-vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP): a novel VIP analog for noninvasive impotence treatment. 815 12

We prospectively determined the prevalence of morbidity from the various forms of diabetic neuropathy over one year in a population of 800 patients with diabetes mellitus (336 type 1, 464 type 2 DM). Symptoms documented were: pain/paraesthesia in the feet, loss of feeling and the restless legs syndrome. We also documented the prevalence of: neuropathic ulcers, amyotrophy, foot drop, and oculomotor palsy. Autonomic symptoms documented were: impotence, postural hypotension and diarrhoea. The only symptoms reported by 100 non-diabetic control subjects were: loss of feeling in 2% and restless legs syndrome in 7%. In the diabetics; pain/paraesthesia was present in 13%, feeling loss in 7% and neuropathic ulcers in 2%. The prevalence of Diabetic amyotrophy (proximal femoral neuropathy) was 0.8%, oculomotor palsy 0.1% and peroneal nerve palsy 0.1%. Erectile impotence was present in 20%, symptomatic postural hypotension in 1% and diabetic diarrhoea in 1%. Overall; 22.9% of the population was afflicted by one or more problems resulting from neuropathy. Neuropathy was associated with older age (p < 0.001), and serious retinopathy (p < 0.001) in both groups of diabetics and with duration of diabetes, proteinuria (p < 0.02), hypertension (p < 0.01) and ischaemic heart disease (p < 0.02) in type 1 diabetics.
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PMID:Prevalence and forms of neuropathic morbidity in 800 diabetics. 820 Jul 77

Population aging is continuously increasing in Italy and in the World. Individuals aged 60 years or more are currently 10,500,000 and will be 13,000,000 in 2015. Life quality in geriatric ages includes the maintenance of sexual power: according to recent data (Carrol et al., 1992), 80% of impotence cases are due to organic causes. In addition, the use of drugs can cause impotence. Among them tiazidic diuretics may cause an increase of sexual disturbances. Other drugs with this potential are digitalis, antihypertensive drugs (particularly beta blockers), major and minor tranquillizers, antidepressant, H2 receptor antagonists, antiparkinsonian cholinergic drugs and estrogens employed in the treatment of prostate tumors. Diseases of geriatric age that can alter sexual power are diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease for the accompanying depression and for the use of antidepressants; severe hypertension is complicated by impotence in 15% of cases. Among neurological diseases Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis can be causes of sexual dysfunctions. Patients on hemodialysis can be impotent, with recent data (Soloh et al 1992) showing that erythropoietin treatment of anemia also improve sexual dysfunctions. Prevention from a geriatric standpoint should be base on action on known risk factor as smoking, alcohol abuse and dislipidemias and with the activation of a close drug vigilance.
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PMID:[Andrologic problems and internal pathology in the elderly]. 825 79

We provide current, normative data on the prevalence of impotence, and its physiological and psychosocial correlates in a general population using results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. The Massachusetts Male Aging Study was a community based, random sample observational survey of noninstitutionalized men 40 to 70 years old conducted from 1987 to 1989 in cities and towns near Boston, Massachusetts. Blood samples, physiological measures, socio-demographic variables, psychological indexes, and information on health status, medications, smoking and lifestyle were collected by trained interviewers in the subject's home. A self-administered sexual activity questionnaire was used to characterize erectile potency. The combined prevalence of minimal, moderate and complete impotence was 52%. The prevalence of complete impotence tripled from 5 to 15% between subject ages 40 and 70 years. Subject age was the variable most strongly associated with impotence. After adjustment for age, a higher probability of impotence was directly correlated with heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, associated medications, and indexes of anger and depression, and inversely correlated with serum dehydroepiandrosterone, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and an index of dominant personality. Cigarette smoking was associated with a greater probability of complete impotence in men with heart disease and hypertension. We conclude that impotence is a major health concern in light of the high prevalence, is strongly associated with age, has multiple determinants, including some risk factors for vascular disease, and may be due partly to modifiable para-aging phenomena.
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PMID:Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. 825 33

Yohimbine is an alpha 2 adrenoreceptor antagonist occasionally used in the treatment of impotence. Overdose of this drug is uncommon. We describe a 62-year-old male who ingested 100, 2.0 mg tablets whose only adverse effects were tachycardia, hypertension, and anxiety of brief duration. The limited experience to date suggests a benign course even after massive overdose. Observation would seem to be the management of choice.
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PMID:Benign course after massive ingestion of yohimbine. 834 May 84

The treatment of arteriogenic erectile dysfunction with revascularization techniques has been controversial both in terms of its use and the type of surgical repair. Success rates reported in the literature are based almost exclusively on patient testimonial, without the use of objective post-operative criteria. At our institution from 7/88 through 8/91, 18 patients were treated for arteriogenic impotence using microsurgical penile revascularization. The patient population ranged in age from 23 to 64 years, and each patient underwent a complete history and physical examination, serum hormone testing, psychological evaluation of patient and partner, biothesiometry, penile plethysmography, nocturnal penile tumescence/rigidity testing with a Rigiscan device, and selective pudendal arteriography. One patient was status post a pelvic fracture, 2 lacked identifiable risk factors, 2 had diabetes, 6 were heavy smokers, and 7 had hypertension. Pre-operatively each patient had a suspicious medical history, abnormal plethysmography, abnormal Rigiscan testing, and a hemodynamically significant lesion on angiography. Revascularization was done by anastomosing the inferior epigastric artery to the deep dorsal veing and dorsal artery, or the deep dorsal vein alone if both arteries were atretic. Postoperatively, all 18 patients underwent a personal interview, repeat penile plethysmography, and repeat Rigiscan testing. Six patients reports successful coitus and an additional four were having coitus with the aid of intracavernous pharmacotherapy. Seventy-eight percent (14/18) had improved tracings on penile plethysmography, and 56% (10/18) had normal erectile capability by Rigiscan testing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The success of microsurgical penile revascularization in treating arteriogenic impotence. 834 13

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), the key neuropeptide in the stress cascade, has major inhibitory actions on testicular function in addition to its known antireproductive effects at the central level (inhibition of sexual behavior and LH secretion). CRF is secreted by the Leydig cells of the testis and acts through high-affinity receptors at the Leydig cell membrane as a potent negative regulator of LH action, inhibiting gonadotropin-induced cAMP generation and androgen production. CRF is also a primary stimulus of beta-endorphin secretion by the Leydig cells, which in turn exerts paracrine inhibition of FSH action in the tubular compartment of the testis through high-affinity receptors in the Sertoli cells. CRF action in the Leydig cells involves a pertussis toxin-insensitive guanyl nucleotide regulatory unit. In contrast to CRF receptors in the brain, pituitary, and other peripheral tissues, those in the Leydig cell are not coupled to Gs. The inhibitory action of CRF in the Leydig cell is exerted through protein kinase C, at the level of the catalytic subunit of adenylate cyclase. The secretion of CRF by the Leydig cell is stimulated by LH, acting via release of serotonin (5HT) and autocrine activation of 5HT2 receptors. Serotonin acts on 5HT2 receptors in the Leydig cell to stimulate CRF secretion via a pertussis toxin insensitive G-protein and presumably through activation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis. The diversity of the biochemical responses to CRF and 5HT2 receptor activation (i.e., inhibition of adenylate cyclase at the cytoplasmic aspect of the cell membrane vs. stimulation of CRF release from secretion granules) may reflect the stimulation of different protein kinase C isoenzymes. The LH-->5HT-->CRF inhibitory loop serves to continuously buffer the stimulation of androgen production by gonadotropin. 5HT, the immediate stimulus of testicular CRF secretion, is released during stress and is locally increased in the testis in pathological conditions associated with impaired testicular function (i.e., orchitis, varicocele). Also, propranolol, the beta-adrenergic antagonist frequently used in the control of blood pressure in patients with hypertension and often associated with impotence, acts via a serotonergic mechanism to stimulate CRF secretion and causes marked inhibition of LH-induced cAMP production and steroidogenesis in cultured Leydig cells. These basic studies of 5HT and CRF are relevant to the pathogenesis of testicular dysfunction and for the development of antagonist therapies to block CRF production and its local antireproductive effects.
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PMID:Corticotropin-releasing factor: an antireproductive hormone of the testis. 838 38

In a 35 year old arteriogenic impotent patient without a history of hypertension, arteriosclerotic disease, or diabetes mellitus, the corpus cavernosum of the penis was revascularized using Hauri's method. Before surgery, erection after the intra-cavernous injection of 20 micrograms of prostaglandin E1 was very weak. In a color ultrasonography the peak systolic velocity of the cavernous arteries was recorded as being only 18 cm/sec. Furthermore, no artery except the right dorsal artery was evident even with a digital subtraction angiography. Accordingly he was diagnosed as having arteriogenic impotence, and we carried out the corpus cavernosum revascularization using Hauri's method under microscopic magnification. The dorsal artery and the deep dorsal vein were anastomosed side-to-side, and the hypogastric artery and dorsal artery were anastomosed end-to-side. After the revascularization surgery, the peak systolic velocity of cavernous arteries returned to normal (53 cm/sec), and the penis showed complete erection after an intracavernous injection of 20 micrograms of prostaglandin E1. Before surgery this patient had no experienced sexual intercourse, but he could achieve full sexual intercourse 2 weeks after the surgery. His erectile ability has been maintained for 4 months since the surgery. This is the 1st case of arteriogenic impotence treated using Hauri's method in Japan.
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PMID:[A case of penile revascularization by Hauri's method for arteriogenic impotence]. 841 25

Olfactory dysfunction has been reported in individuals with diabetes mellitus, but the etiology is unknown. Diabetes is often complicated by serious medical conditions which could be related to the development of decreased olfactory ability. Overall, our 111 subjects with diabetes showed deficiencies in their ability to identify odorants measured with the Odorant Confusion Matrix (mean = 67.8% correct). The presence of macrovascular disease was found to be associated with olfactory dysfunction. Glycemic control as well as the type and duration of diabetes were not related to olfactory ability. Also, there was no distinct association with the presence of neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, hypertension, or impotence. Consistent with previous studies utilizing measures of odorant identification, performance decreased with increased age, females were somewhat superior to males, and smoking had a deleterious effect. Other nondiabetes-related medical conditions and medications had no apparent effect on the olfactory ability of our subjects. These results suggest that the sequelae associated with macrovascular disease, such as perhaps, ischemia, to the olfactory area, impact negatively on olfactory ability.
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PMID:Olfactory dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. 843 58

The sympathetic nervous system innervates most organs in the body and controls their function. A variety of disease processes, surgery or drugs can result in disordered sympathetic nerve function, which can be either localized or more generalized. Malfunction can result in either sympathetic underactivity (causing postural hypotension, impotence or anhidrosis) or overactivity (causing paroxysmal hypertension or hyperhidrosis). The investigation of sympathetic disorders depends upon the system and organs involved and should include, where relevant, investigation of the possible aetiological processes. The clinical features and management of some of the major disorders affecting the sympathetic nervous system, including the recently described syndrome of DBH deficiency, are described.
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PMID:Sympathetic nervous system disorders in man. 848 87


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