Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied sera of 371 consecutive new patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) who were first evaluated during 1984-1988. All sera were tested for antinuclear antibodies by immunofluorescence staining using HEp-2 cells as substrate. We excluded 219 sera showing dark nucleoli and screened for antibodies to Th in the remaining 152 sera by immunoprecipitation of a 32P-labeled HeLa cell extract. Fifteen (4.0%) of 371 sera were anti-Th+. Anti-Th antibodies were present in 14 (8.4%) of 167 SSc patients with limited cutaneous involvement, in 1 of 167 with diffuse cutaneous involvement, and in 0 of 37 with SSc overlap syndrome. Among 244 controls with other connective tissue diseases, anti-Th was detected in only 3 patients, all having primary Raynaud's phenomenon of less than 2 years duration. In the subgroup with SSc with limited cutaneous involvement, the 14 anti-Th+ patients had a significantly greater frequency of puffy fingers, small bowel involvement, and hypothyroidism, and a significantly lower frequency of arthralgia and/or arthritis. Their cumulative survival rate from the time of onset of symptoms was lower than that for anti-Th- patients (78% versus 91% at 10 years), primarily due to 3 deaths from pulmonary arterial hypertension (2 from primary pulmonary hypertension and 1 from pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary interstitial fibrosis). Serum anti-Th antibodies are present almost exclusively in patients with SSc with limited cutaneous involvement or in those with primary Raynaud's phenomenon whose disease may evolve to SSc with limited cutaneous involvement, and these antibodies may identify those patients who are at greater risk for reduced survival.
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PMID:Autoantibody to Th ribonucleoprotein (nucleolar 7-2 RNA protein particle) in patients with systemic sclerosis. 170 94

Many lipoprotein abnormalities are seen in the untreated, hyperglycemic diabetic patient. The non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patient with mild fasting hyperglycemia commonly has mild hypertriglyceridemia due to overproduction of TG-rich lipoproteins in the liver, associated with decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. The more hyperglycemic untreated NIDDM and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patient have mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia due to decreased adipose tissue and muscle lipoprotein lipase, (LPL) activity. These patients also have decreased HDL cholesterol levels associated with defective LPL catabolism of TG-rich lipoproteins. Treatment of diabetes with oral sulfonylureas or insulin corrects most of the hypertriglyceridemia and some of the decrease in HDL cholesterol. The abnormality in adipose tissue LPL activity corrects slowly over several months of therapy. The treated IDDM patient often has normal lipoprotein levels. The treated NIDDM patient may continue to have mild hypertriglyceridemia, increased intermediate-density lipoprotein levels, small dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL) with increased apoprotein B, and decreased HDL cholesterol levels. The central, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue in IDDM is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, and the above lipoprotein abnormalities. Improvement in glucose control, in the absence of weight gain, leads to lower triglyceride and higher HDL cholesterol levels. In addition, the diabetic patient is prone to develop other defects that, in themselves, lead to hyperlipidemia, such as proteinuria, hypothyroidism, and hypertension, treated with thiazide diuretics and beta-adrenergic-blocking agents. When a diabetic patient independently inherits a common familial form of hypertriglyceridemia, he might develop the severe hypertriglyceridemia of the chylomicronemia syndrome.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia in diabetes mellitus. 171 Jul 39

A community-based education program was conducted for persons found to be hypercholesterolemic by screening during cardiovascular surveys, in an urban population, to evaluate the feasibility and effect of the program in primary prevention of coronary heart disease. The subjects were men and women aged 40-64 living in the suburbs of Osaka whose serum total cholesterol was between 240 and 299 mg/dl in both the 1988 and the 1989 surveys. Persons with hypothyroidism, those taking medication for hypercholesterolemia or hypertension, and with a history of stroke and coronary heart disease were excluded. Of the 111 persons who were eligible, 104 persons were recruited for the program on March, 1989. The 104 persons were randomly assigned to either an intensive education group (n = 51) or a usual education group (n = 53). For the intensive education group, seven education classes were held from April to November, 1989. Lectures, practice sessions, interviews, and spot cholesterol measurements were conducted in a local community center. The usual education group received a letter with results from the 1989 survey and dietary instruction in April 1989 and an education class in September 1989. Mean serum cholesterol in the intensive education group showed a 10.0 mg/dl greater reduction in September 1989 and a 9.0 mg/dl greater reduction in March 1990 than in the usual education group (p less than 0.05) while mean HDL-cholesterol did not change in either groups. The intensive education group reported a larger decrease in the dietary frequency of chicken egg, poultry skin and small fishes, foods which are rich in saturated fat and cholesterol. The frequency of fatty meat, butter and fish eggs was low in both groups and did not differ between the two groups after the one-year program. These results indicate that a population-based education program is feasible and effective in reducing serum total cholesterol of hypercholesterolemic persons.
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PMID:[A community-based education program for serum cholesterol reduction in urban hypercholesterolemic persons--comparison of intensive and usual education groups]. 174 53

In 1989, 22 children (11 boys, 11 girls aged 8-23 years) with nephropathic cystinosis, who had received a total of 28 renal allografts over the previous 14 years, were reviewed. Nineteen were alive, of whom 17 had functioning grafts 5 months to 13 years after transplantation. The mean serum creatinine level in these 17 was 135 mumol/l. Patient and graft survival did not differ from non-cystinotic children. Persistent hypothyroidism was found in 3 patients, transient diabetes mellitus in 1, severely disturbed vision in 1 and brain atrophy in 11. Arterial hypertension was present in 16 patients. Growth retardation was universal, although in 4 patients on cyclosporin A post-transplant catch-up growth occurred. Five patients over 15 years completed puberty. Readjustment in terms of school performance was good but was less good for psychosocial development. None of the patients had ever been treated with cystine-depleting agents; the data will therefore provide a historical control group with which to compare the results from a group treated with these agents.
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PMID:Renal transplantation in 22 children with nephropathic cystinosis. 176 83

On the basis of a case history, the clinical and paraclinical manifestations of hypothyroidism are reviewed. Exertion dyspnoea without signs of cardiac insufficiency occurs frequently. The minute and stroke volume and heart rate are reduced. The blood pressure may rise (reversible) and hypertension may occur. The function of the left ventricle is reversibly reduced. A tendency to formation of exudates has been observed. X-ray of the thorax may revial massive relatively asymptomatic pleural exudates and cardiomegaly. Pericardial exudate occurs frequently and is demonstrated best by echocardiography. Inter- and intracellular deposits, infiltrations and fibroses have been demonstrated in the myocardium and these probably contribute to some of the non-specific, reversible ECG changes (low voltage, flattening/inversion of T waves, sinus bradycardia). The plasma concentrations of several different enzymes (including creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB and LDH) may be raised in myxoedema. The reason for this is perhaps compromized membrane function in the skeletal muscle cells. The diagnosis of myocardial infarction in myoedema requires that CK-MB constitutes at least 6% of the total CK and that the increase is transient. In patients with coronary sclerosis, substitution treatment should be initiated carefully because the risk of ischaemic symptoms is otherwise considerably increased. It is not elucidated whether the hypothyroidism per se can increase atheroma formation.
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PMID:[Cardiovascular manifestations of hypothyroidism]. 186 65

Hypothyroidism presenting during pregnancy is rare, probably due to the lower incidence of hypothyroidism during the reproductive years, and because myxoedema causes anovulatory cycles. We report an unusual case of hypothyroidism during a 34-year-old woman's fifth pregnancy, complicated by hypertension, oedema, pericardial effusion and severe nephrotic syndrome. This is the first report of renal biopsy abnormalities under these circumstances. Review of the literature regarding hypothyroidism presenting during pregnancy leads us to suggest that hypothyroidism during pregnancy may mimic pre-eclampsia.
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PMID:A pre-eclamptic-like syndrome associated with hypothyroidism during pregnancy. 192 78

The influences of hypertension and hypothyroidism on diabetic cardiomyopathy are not clear. We studied this problem further by characterizing the effects of chronic triiodothyronine (T3) treatment on cardiac performance of diabetic renovascular hypertensive (RVH) rats. Hypertension was effected by clipping the left renal artery of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and diabetes was induced 2 weeks later by streptozotocin (STZ; 55 mg/kg i.v.). The WKY strain was selected because it is relatively resistant to the cardiodepressant effects of diabetes, so that the influence of superimposed hypertension would be more apparent. Performance of working Krebs-Henseleit buffer perfused hearts was quantified by measuring left ventricular pressure and flow characteristics. The results showed that renovascular clipping caused a marked hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) but had no effect on perfused heart performance after 10 weeks. They also showed that diabetes during the final 8 weeks (i) caused a marked impairment in the performance of perfused hearts ex vivo of hypertensive rats but had no measurable effect in the normotensive WKY, (ii) had no effect on arterial pressure of either the normotensive or the hypertensive rats but reduced heart rate of hypertensive animals in vivo, and (iii) caused equivalent hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, and hypothyroidism (depressed serum T3 and T4 levels) of hypertensive and normotensive rats. Treatment of diabetic RVH rats with T3 (10 micrograms.kg-1.day-1) in vivo was nearly as effective as insulin therapy (10 U.kg-1.day-1) in preventing the cardiac dysfunction ex vivo and was as effective as insulin therapy in preventing the bradycardia in vivo and the decline loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Cardiac function of the diabetic renovascular hypertensive rat: effects of insulin and thyroid hormone treatment. 205

Secondary hyperlipidaemia is common and occurs frequently in disorders such as obesity, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, liver and renal diseases and as a side-effect of drug therapy, particularly for hypertension. Its management may be important to prevent complications such as coronary heart disease and acute pancreatitis. Its study provides many fascinating insights into lipoprotein pathophysiology.
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PMID:Secondary hyperlipidaemia. 210 Jun 85

Thyroid disfunction in the aged is often misdiagnosed either due to scanty symptoms, masking by other ailments or because function tests can be altered by extrathyroid causes such as chronic diseases, drugs or undernutrition. We surveyed 93 patients from 60 to 104 years old (73 females) living in geriatric homes. Most received at least 2 drugs for control of hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, parkinsonism or psycho-organic deterioration. No clinical evidence of thyroid disfunction was found in 75 patients. T3 was 73.6 +/- 25.5 ng/dl, T4 7.3 +/- 1.8 micrograms/dl, TSH 2.8 +/- 0.9 uU/ml and rT3 32.2 +/- 16.3 ng/dl. Antimicrosomal antibodies were negative in all. Significant differences were found comparing these values with those obtained in 26 normal adults with mean age 39.9 years: T3 was lower and TSH and rT3 were higher in the elderly (p less than 0.0001). T3 decreased and rT3 increased in relation to age and males had significantly lower values of T3, T4 and TSH than females. Some evidence of thyroid disfunction was present in the remaining 18 patients: 9 had multinodular and/or positive antimicrosomal antibodies with euthyroid hormone levels; 6 had elevated T3, T4 and fT4 so hyperthyroidism was suspected; the remaining 3 patients had TSH levels above 20 uU/ml indicating the presence of hypothyroidism of which only one had some clinical manifestation. Thus, thyroid disfunction in the elderly + is not uncommon (3.2% of hyperthyroidism and 2.6% hypothyroidism in this series) in the absence of clinical manifestation. Treatment may improve the quality of life in these patients.
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PMID:[Problems in the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction of the elderly adult]. 213 50

A case of hypothyroidism presenting with cutaneous vasculitis is described. Apart from typical findings of hypothyroidism, the patient had hypertension (HT). With thyroxine replacement therapy patient showed an improvement in hypothyroidism, HT and cutaneous vasculitis.
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PMID:Vasculitis--a complication of hypothyroidism. 193 34


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