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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The health status of males aged 15 or more years was studied as part of a community health survey in a neighborhood of western Jerusalem. Most subjects (75%) reported that they felt well; clinical appraisals revealed a need for treatment in 33%. Hypertension was found in 14% and coronary heart disease in 6%. Other common disorders included hemorrhoids (16%), varicose veins (11%), overweight (18%), hypercholesterolemia (13%), inguinal hernia (13%), symptoms of prostatic hypertrophy (10%) and diabetes (5%). The prevalence of specific symptoms of emotional ill health ranged from 6 to 23%. A quarter reported serious current problems; 10% were dissatisfied with their present life situation; and 10% had concentration camp experience. Half were current cigarette smokers. The prevalence of most disorders rose in successive age groups. Mean diastolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, relative weight and the prevalence of cigarette smoking were lower in the oldest age groups. With some exceptions, the age trends were similar to those found in other populations.
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PMID:Prevalence of selected health characteristics of men. A community health survey in Jerusalem. 51 10

The relationship of stature with the prevalence of 18 chronic diseases or groups of diseases was analysed using data from the 1983 Italian National Health Survey, based on a sample of 63,859 individuals aged 20 or over randomly selected within strata of geographical area, size of the place of residence and of the household in order to be representative of the Italian population. Rate ratios (RR) were computed using multiple logistic regression, including terms for sex, age, geographical area, education and smoking. For 15 out of 18 diseases or groups of diseases the RR was below unity in the highest quartiles of height, and the inverse trends with stature were significant for 11 (diabetes, RR 0.90 for highest vs lowest quartile; heart disease, RR 0.92; chronic bronchitis and emphysema, RR 0.84; bronchial asthma, RR 0.70; anaemias, RR 0.70; liver cirrhosis, RR 0.62; urolithiasis, RR 0.76; renal insufficiency, RR 0.71; arthritis, RR 0.89; psychiatric and neurological disorders, RR 0.82). None of the diseases considered showed significant direct trends with height, but hypertension (RR 1.09 for the highest vs lowest quartile), haemorrhoids or varices (RR 1.09) and cancers (RR 1.22) tended to be elevated in the highest quartile of height. The generalised inverse relationship between height and prevalence of chronic disease suggests that poorer nutrition in childhood and adolescence is an unfavourable indicator for the subsequent occurrence of several diseases. Major exceptions were hypertension and varices, two conditions highly dependent on the pattern of health care utilization, and cancer.
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PMID:Height and the prevalence of chronic disease. 160 29

This study examined the morbidity experience from 1981 to 1988 of a prospective cohort of 3422 refinery and petrochemical plant employees from the Shell Deer Park manufacturing complex. The morbidity data for this study, which include all illness and absence records in excess of five days, were extracted from the morbidity section of the Shell health surveillance system. Standardised morbidity ratios (SMRs) of disease prevalence in this cohort were calculated using an internal comparison group of all manufacturing employees of the Shell Oil Company. Among production employees, the overall morbidity was statistically significantly higher (SMR = 109) than that of the comparison group. Illness due to hypertension (SMR = 144), haemorrhoids (SMR = 149), diseases of the nervous system (SMR = 120), respiratory system (SMR = 108), and digestive system (SMR = 117) were also raised for this group. The increased risk due to these medical conditions does not appear to be associated with occupational factors. Lymphatic and haematopoietic tissue neoplasms were raised (SMR = 124), but were based on only four cases.
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PMID:A prospective study of morbidity patterns in a petroleum refinery and chemical plant. 163 13

There were found 368 cases (4.5 percent) of diverticulosis of the intestine based on 8124 autopsies in the years of 1979 till 1988 with regard to their localisation, complications and accompanied diseases. In 174 of 368 cases clinical files could be examined and integrated in the evaluation. Sigmoid diverticula were most frequently followed from duodenal diverticula chiefly in the immediate vicinity of the "Papilla of Vateri". Constipation, stomachache, haemorrhoids and spasm of the anal sphincter were typical complaints. One during lifetime known diverticulosis was noted only approximately half on the autopsy application as a second disease. The autopsy results a complication of diverticula (mostly with a peritonitis) in 39 percent as the primary cause of death. Most frequently complication was a diverticulitis (in 16.8 percent refer to the total number). Arteriosclerosis, hypertension and/or diabetes (so called "civilization diseases") were in the main accompanied diseases, which were found too. Surgical intervention took place principal under suspicion of malignoma or as an "acute abdomen". Non-characteristic complaints (protraction by the physician) and the ignorance of the illness among the population (protraction by the patients) are disadvantageous to the identification of the diverticulosis. Because the diverticulosis as a disease of the economic developed countries represents a growing problem ought to direct more attention to prevention, which consists in application of food rich in ballast-substances and the treatment of the constipation.
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PMID:[Diverticular disease. Pathology and clinical aspects based on 368 autopsy cases]. 174 79

Between 1985 and 1988, a two-phase epidemiological study was conducted at the "Ruta 100" company in Mexico City to examine the harmful effects of the working conditions on drivers of urban transport vehicles. In the first phase, five groups of nine drivers each were interviewed regarding their opinions about their working conditions and possible work-related disorders. On the basis of this information, an epidemiological survey was developed and applied using a polytypic sampling design to some 200 drivers plus two other groups of approximately the same size, one consisting of maintenance workers and the other of office workers, which served as controls. The driver group showed a high prevalence of respiratory and neuropsychiatric disorders, diarrhea, myopia, arterial hypertension, urinary disorders, hemorrhoids, hearing loss, back pain, varicose veins, peptic ulcers, diabetes, cardiopathies, abdominal hernias, and appendicitis. For arterial hypertension, hemorrhoids, nervous disorders, and psychiatric disorders the prevalence ratios of drivers/maintenance workers and drivers/administrative workers were statistically significant.
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PMID:[Health status of urban passenger transportation conductors in Mexico City]. 183 60

The author gives a definition of the term "vasculitis". Histopathological modifications are the result of a disturbance in the barrier function exerted by the vascular endothelium. The disturbances observed are characterized by piles of endothelial or intimal debris associated with a perivascular inflammatory reaction of the connective tissue and the appearance of a resorption granuloma. Whether superficial or deep, vasculitis can become "nodular" in appearance and is then characterized by "nodules" or "patches". In order to implement aetiological treatment, it is necessary to look for the causative agent: an infectious, drug or bacterial allergen, or hypertension is frequently involved.
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PMID:[Deep vasculitis]. 229 Aug 64

The relation between body mass index and prevalence of 17 chronic diseases or groups of diseases was analysed using data from the 1983 Italian National Health Survey, based on a sample of 72,284 individuals aged 15 or over randomly selected within strata of geographical area, size of place of residence and of household in order to be representative of the whole Italian population. The prevalence of diabetes was directly and strongly related to body weight (age-adjusted relative risk estimates being 1.5 for overweight and 2.7 for obese men compared with normal weight individuals; 1.6 and 2.4 for overweight and obese women). Other conditions directly related to self-reported measures of body weight were hypertension (relative risk = 1.7 for obese men and 1.9 for women), myocardial infarction (relative risk = 1.5 for obese men, 1.6 for women), other heart diseases (relative risk = 1.7 for obese men, 1.5 for women), haemorrhoids or varices (relative risk = 1.2 for obese men, 1.5 for women), cholelithiasis (relative risk = 1.2 for obese men, 1.4 for women), urolithiasis and arthritis. Chronic respiratory disorders showed a U-shaped relation to measures of body weight, since their prevalence was elevated in both under- and over-weight individuals. Anaemias and gastroduodenal ulcer showed an inverse relation to body weight, whereas no association was apparent with allergy, liver cirrhosis, and psychiatric or neurological disorders. Allowance for the two major identified covariates (education and smoking) failed to explain the observed variations between measures of body weight and disease, while separate inspection of various strata of age indicated that for most diseases the elevated risks of obesity were higher in younger and decrease steadily with advancing age. Thus, the results of this national survey indicate that overweight has a widespread and substantial impact not only on mortality but also on morbidity from different chronic conditions.
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PMID:Body weight and the prevalence of chronic diseases. 341 82

The relation between education, prevalence of 17 chronic diseases or groups of diseases, and pattern of health care utilisation was evaluated from data from the 1983 Italian National Health Survey, based on 58 462 individuals aged 25 or over randomly selected within strata of geographical area, size of place of residence, and size of household, in order to be representative of the whole Italian population. Most of the diseases considered, including diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction and other heart disease, haemorrhoids or varices, chronic respiratory disease, anaemias, gastroduodenal ulcer, cholelithiasis and liver cirrhosis, kidney and urological diseases, arthritis, and psychiatric and neurological disturbances, were consistently less prevalent among more educated individuals. The age and sex adjusted risk estimates for individuals educated in high school or university compared with those with only a primary school education or less ranged between 0.21 for liver cirrhosis and 0.80 for anaemias. The sole exception was allergy, which was more prevalent among the more educated individuals (relative risk = 1.42). General practitioner visits and hospital admissions were reported less frequently by the more educated individuals, but specialist consultations of potential preventive value were less frequent among the less well educated. The results were similar when occupation was utilised as an indicator of social class. Thus, the findings of this national survey provide confirmation and quantitative assessment of considerable differences in health and health service utilisation according to indicators of social class.
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PMID:Education, prevalence of disease, and frequency of health care utilisation. The 1983 Italian National Health Survey. 365 37

Data on height, weight, illness, medical care consumption, and demographic variables for 19,126 Dutch adults aged 20 years or older were obtained from three annual Health Interview Surveys. Data on severely overweight (Body Mass Index 30.0-40.0 kg/m2) and moderately overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) subjects were compared with those on non-overweight persons (BMI 20.0-24.9 kg/m2), taking into account effects of sex, age, and educational level. In men, severe overweight was associated with hypertension, especially in men under 50 years of age. In women, severe overweight was associated with hypertension, diabetes, varicose veins, asthma/bronchitis, and hemorrhoids. Increased utilization of medical care and medications were also associated with severe overweight. For moderately overweight subjects, these associations were less clear or absent.
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PMID:Associations of moderate and severe overweight with self-reported illness and medical care in Dutch adults. 394 13

The health status of women was studied as part of a community health survey in Kiryat Hayovel, a neighborhood in western Jerusalem. Most women (66%) reported that they felt well; clinical appraisals indicated a need for treatment in 34%. Hypertension was found in 14% and coronary heart disease in 4%. Other common disorders included varicose veins (31%), overweight (25%), hemorrhoids (20%), hypercholesterolemia (15%), gallbladder disease (8%), and diabetes (4%). Prevalence of symptoms of emotional ill-health ranged from 6 to 40%. A quarter reported serious current problems, 10% were dissatisfied with their present life situation, 8% had concentration camp experience and 27% were current cigarette smokers. Prevalence of most disorders rose in successive age groups. Comparisons with the men in this community indicated a higher prevalence among females of self-appraised ill-health, high symptom and emotional ill-health scores and complaints about a number of physical conditions. This way reflect how women in this community respond to illness and their life situation. With some exceptions, age trends and sex differences were similar to those found in population studies in the USA.
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PMID:Prevalence of selected health characteristics of women and comparisons with men. A community health survey in Jerusalem. 722 41


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