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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of some experiments in human coital physiology in the home setting considers their possible value to the sex therapist. Blood pressure changes are described in normal subjects with reference to their relevance in patients with heart disease or high blood pressure. Respiratory patterns and intravaginal and intrauterine pressure changes are described during coitus, and their significance in different types of female orgasm are discussed. It now appears that a specific deeply satisfying and terminative female orgasm is associated with a particular type of respiratory pattern and intrauterine pressure change. The use of radiotelemetry devices to measure pressure and pH changes during coitus makes home studies possible. Further projects and areas for future study are considered.
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PMID:Some aspects and implications of coital physiology. 1 26

13 male patients suffering from arteriosclerotic heart disease and/or arterial hypertension were monitored continuously before and after vascular surgical procedures using an arrhythmia computer. Heart rate, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias, ventricular extrasystoles, ventricular tachycardias, ventricular fibrillation and prematurity index (QnQe/QTn) were recorded numerically. Ventricular arrhythmias were detected as follows preoperatively in 12 patients, after operation in all patients, paired ventricular extrasystoles or episodes of ventricular tachycardia were found in 5 cases before and in 7 after operation, ventricular fibrillation in one case. The incidence of ventricular dysrhythmias increased significantly (p less than 0.05) early after operation, as did the heart rate during the observed postoperative period (p less than 0.001). The prematurity index dropped below 1.0 during the two days following operation. This differed significantly from the preoperative value (p less than 0.05). The incidence of ventricular extrasystoles was related to postoperative myocardial infarction and heart failure (p less than 0.01), which occurred in 6 cases, with a lethal outcome in three. Only occasionally controlled by trained staff in a normal surgical ward the "Servomed Dysrhythmiemonitor" yielded reliable numerical results during the main part of the monitored period. In two cases it led to immediate detection and rapid institution of treatment of severe tachyar rhythmias.
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PMID:[Postoperative cardiac arrhythmias (author's transl)]. 8 Sep 61

The pattern of heart disease in 404 patients seen prospectively from the guinea savanna region of Africa is presented. Over 90% presented with cardiac failure. Hypertension, Peripartal Cardiac Failure (PPCF), Congestive Cardiomyopathy and Rheumatic Heart Disease are major problems. The highest incidence of PPCF in the world probably occurs in this area but the prognosis is good. The reasons for this and the possible interrelationship of hypertension with cardiomyopathy and PPCF are discussed. In contrast to the tropical rainforests, no case of endomyocardial fibrosis was seen. During the period of study, vascular thrombosis is uncommon and coronary heart disease is non-existent in Zaria.
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PMID:Pattern of heart disease in adults of the Nigerian Savanna: a prospective clinical study. 9 46

There was 230 patients with heart disease among 369 infants and children with Down's syndrome. The majority exhibited defects of the endocardial cushion variety and approximately one quarte had complete atrioventricular canals (CAVC). Pulmonary artery hypertension was uniform in catheterized patients in this latter group and frequent in all left-to-right shunts. Medical and surgical mortality was high (33%) in these 230 children and especially in those with CAVC and tetralogy of Fallot. Only 4% (76 of 1,916) of infants with critical heart disease in New England had Down's syndrome and the most frequent lesion encountered was complete atrioventricular canal.
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PMID:The clinical course of cardiac disease in Down's syndrome. 13 32

Uncontrolled hypertension increases the workload of the left ventricle causing the development of hypertrophy and an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption that may precipitate ischemia because of inadequate oxygen delivery related to accelerated coronary atherosclerosis. Control of the hypertension should prevent the further development of hypertrophy, delay the development of fibrosis and possibly also slow the rate of development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, when myocardial function is impaired because of hypertrophy or other myocardial diseases, the level of blood pressure becomes an important determinant of left ventricular performance. Regardless of the level of arterial pressure, vasodilator drugs that lower arterial pressure may result in marked improvement in left ventricular performance and relief of symptoms of left ventricular failure. Therefore, control of blood pressure in the presence of heart disease may involve treatment of normotensive patients to bring them into a lower normotensive range as well as the more traditional treatment of hypertensives to bring them into the normotensive range. Although this scenario is consistent with conventional wisdom and clinical experience, intricacies of the relationship between hypertension, hypertrophy, myocardial oxygen delivery, atherosclerosis and intramyocardial blood flow distribution remain poorly understood. Until these aspects of the natural history of heart disease are better worked out therapy will remain largely empirical.
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PMID:Heart disease in the hypertensive patient. 14 Feb 80

Evidence for the hypertensive origin of Nigerian 'heart muscle disease' is presented. Epidemiologically, clinically and pathologically it is similar to hypertensive failure and it is associated with hypertension. It is more severe than hypertensive failure as judged by its prognosis and the myocardial damage at necropsy. The radiographic aortic width and renal histology, but not the retinal arteries have evidence of chronic hypertension in some. Using renal histology and scores on a discriminant analysis it was estimated that 34/62 cases in the necropsy series had been hypertensive . Up to 28 cases had not suffered from chronic hypertension but this figure (3%) of cardiac necropsies does not justify the identification of a highly prevalent myocardial disease in Nigeria. The arguments could apply to South African cryptogenic 'heart disease' and 'Jamaican cardiomyopathy'. The study presents data on the natural history of hypertensive failure.
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PMID:Nigerian 'heart muscle disease': the late stages of untreated hypertensive heart failure? 14 78

Cross-sectional echocardiography utilizing the four chamber apical view was used to evaluate right atrial dimensions as a means of detecting abnormal right heart hemodynamics in 20 patients with mitral stenosis, 5 patients with an atrial septal defect and 10 patients without heart disease. Right and left atrial dimensions on apex echocardiography were 40 mm or less in control subjects. There was a good correlation (r = 0.81) between left atrial size assessed with apex sector and M mode echocardiography. In patients with an atrial septal defect, the left atrium was of normal size on apex sector echocardiography; in patients with mitral stenosis, it was larger on apex echocardiography (59 +/- 9 mm) than on M mode echocardiography (51 +/- 8 mm). The right atrium was enlarged (54 +/- 5 mm) on apex echocardiography in all five patients with an atrial septal defect, but the right ventricle was enlarged in only four. Seventeen of 20 patients with mitral stenosis had an enlarged right atrium (53 +/- 7 mm) on apex echocardiography, whereas 15 had normal right ventricular dimensions (21 +/- 9 mm) on M mode echocardiography. Right atrial size on apex echocardiography was enlarged (54 +/- 6 mm) in 10 of 11 patients with mitral stenosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Thus, evaluation of the right atrial dimension with apex echocardiography may be more sensitive than M mode echocardiography in detecting early right heart involvement in specific cardiac conditions.
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PMID:Apex sector echocardiography in evaluation of the right atrium in patients with mitral stenosis and atrial septal defect. 15 56

This report reviews the clinical features of 80 patients with roentgenographically proved mitral annular calcification. The mean age of the group was 73 years, and there was a 2.5 to 1 female to male ratio. Evaluation for underlying cardiovascular disease revealed six patients with severe calcific valvular aortic stenosis; five patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 11 with mitral prolapse and 33 with significant arterial hypertension (blood pressure greater or equal to 150/96 mm Hg). Eighty-five per cent of the group (68 of 80 patients) had an underlying cardiac disorder associated with either chronically increased left ventricular systolic pressure or abnormal leaflet motion. Other cardiovascular abnormalities occurring as complications secondary to the mitral ring calcification included subacute bacterial endocarditis (three cases), arterial emboli (five episodes) and high grade atrioventricular block (16 cases). Twelve patients had severe mitral regurgitation; successful mitral valve replacement was carried out in four patients (all with myxomatous mitral tissue). Evidence of diffuse conduction system disease, not limited to the area of the cardiac fibrous skeleton, was found frequently (44 patients). Nine patients had sinus node dysfunction and 35 patients had electrocardiographic evidence of distal intraventricular (fascicular) block. Twenty-one patients eventually required pacemakers for management of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. Atrial fibrillation was present in 23 patients. In this review it was found that calcification of the mitral annulus is frequently associated with or induces serious cardiovascular disease. Since some of these disorders may be modified by appropriate therapy, calcification of the mitral annulus should no longer be ignored as a benign marker of the elderly heart.
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PMID:Calcification of the mitral annulus: etiology, clinical associations, complications and therapy. 15 99

In the late 1960's, preventive health care began to gain in popularity in the United States and the movement carried over into the 1970's. During this time, sizable decreases in deaths from heart disease, strokes, and accidents have been noted. As a result, the lowest death rate in the history of this country (8.9 per 1000) occurred in both 1975 and 1976. Since 1970, an increase in longevity has been documented and it can be said that Americans are living longer--not just longer but hopefully better! People are beginning to learn that "it is not so much that we die, we kill ourselves!" With proper weight, diet, and exercise, avoiding tobacco, early detection and treatment of high blood pressure, use of seat belts, and control of stimulants and drugs, thousands of lives are being saved annually. In today's busy and demanding society, success in any field requires more than just education and hard work. It requires good health, both mental and physical. Pursue these goals vigorously and remember, "It is always cheaper and much easier to maintain good health than it is to regain it once it is lost!"
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PMID:Dentist, "heal thyself": modification of life style. 27 17

The case files of 4,456 medical admissions in 1975--1976 at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria, included 354 cardiovascular patients. The most common causes were hypertension (45.5%), cardiomyopathy (20.6%) and chronic rheumatic heart disease (14.4%). The mean age of hypertensive and cardiovascular patients was lower than in Europe. The majority of hypertensive patients suffer from essential hypertension. Congestive cardiac failure is the commonest complication of hypertension and cardiomyopathy. Rheumatic valvular disease with mitral incompetence is frequent and sometimes severe in young people. Other cardiovascular diseases included pericardial disease, bacterial endocarditis, cor pulmonale, anaemic heart failure, congenital and syphilitic heart disease. Coronary heart disease was only encountered in non-Africans. Cardiovascular mortality in hospital was high (20%).
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PMID:Cardiovascular disease in Northern Nigeria. 31 94


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