Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of chronic disease based on a mailed questionnaire was estimated as part of a continuing epidemiological study of a retirement community. The prevalence of eight chronic diseases (high blood pressure, angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, glaucoma, and cancer) was determined across all age and sex groups. The relationships between these diseases and several health related life-style practices were assessed. A health index summarizing five practices (smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, sleep and obesity) was clearly related to the prevalence of disease.
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PMID:Prevalence of chronic disease and health practices in a retirement community. 373 24

Twenty-three patients between 31 and 76 years of age suffering from either hypertension or glaucoma underwent automatic perimetry with Octopus programs 31 or 32, followed by program G-1. This was done to compare the information content of the latter, new program with that of the former two, long-used in different combinations. Only one eye of any one patient was considered in this study. Using an evaluation program, the G-1 program calculates the so-called "field indices" which help to interpret the results. These field indices are the mean differential light sensitivity threshold (mDLS), the mean defect (MD), the loss variance (LV), and the corrected loss variance (corrected for short-term fluctuations (CLV)). In order to compare programs 31, 32, and their combination 31 + 32, with the field indices of program G-1, the mean DLS was taken from the Delta evaluation program, while the mean defect, the loss variance, and the corrected loss variance were calculated on the basis of programs 31, 32, and the combination of them. The mDLS and mean defect determined with program G-1 were significantly different from those found with programs 31, 32, and the combination of them. On the one hand, this was due to the difference in test patterns, that of G-1 being more centrally weighted; on the other hand, this is indicative of the precision and discrimination capability of Octopus measurements. Calculation of loss variance and corrected loss variance reveals no significant difference between the examination methods as regards these field indices, that is, between G-1 and 31, 32, or 31 + 32.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Detectability of glaucomatous visual field defects with the Octopus automatic perimeter. A comparison between program G-1 and programs 31 and 32 and their combinations]. 375 92

The mean ocular tension of third trimester hypertensive pregnant women did not differ significantly from that of third trimester non-hypertensives, in contrast to the tendency for open-angle glaucoma to be associated with vascular hypertension. Presumably there are different causes for the two types of vascular hypertension. The ocular hypotensive effect of late pregnancy (third trimester) was confirmed.
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PMID:Ocular hypotensive effect of late pregnancy with and without high blood pressure. 396 98

A report on 12 patients with retinal vein occlusion in both eyes. In addition to advanced age (67 years on the average) the following risk factors were present, often in combination: hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, adiposity, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, hypercholesterinemia, diabetes mellitus etc. The rate of retinal circulation was determined by video fluorescein angiography. A pronounced decrease in visual acuity was observed in all patients with a slower retinal circulation rate. The causes of the decrease in central visual acuity were macular edema, neovascularization with vitreal hemorrhage and rubeosis iridis with secondary glaucoma.
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PMID:[Bilateral retinal vein occlusions and general risk factors]. 397 59

The manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) can be grouped according to time of onset into newborn, extended, and delayed CRS. The delayed manifestations are not present in early life and include the following: endocrinopathies: diabetes, thyroid disease, and growth hormone deficiency; deafness; ocular damage: glaucoma, keratic precipitates, keratoconus, corneal hydrops, and absorption of the cataractous lens; vascular effects: fibromuscular proliferation of the intima, sclerosis of arteries, systemic hypertension secondary to renal disease, and subretinal neovascularization; and progressive rubella panencephalitis. Several mechanisms of pathogenesis of the damage have to be considered for the delayed manifestations, including growth of the virus in tissues, resulting in a reduced growth rate and shortened life-span of the cells; autoimmune responses, initially stimulated by the infection; genetic susceptibility; vascular damage by the viral infection with further stenosis or occlusion of the vessels later; reactive hypervascularization; and chronic persistence of the virus in the tissue with subsequent extension of the infection to other areas.
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PMID:Delayed manifestations of congenital rubella. 400 24

A case-control study of 225 patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and 100 age-matched controls was conducted to assess potential clinical risk factors for BRVO. Male gender, hypertension, and hyperopia were significantly more prevalent in patients with BRVO. There was no significant association with race, diabetes, or chronic open-angle glaucoma.
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PMID:Risk factors of branch retinal vein occlusion. 407 73

We report three clinical cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension with favorable evolution. The treatment of this poorly-understood affection is still only symptomatic. Through the literature, we review the different physiopathological hypotheses proposed, among which the faultly resorption of C S F predominates. By analogy with the physiopathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma, we have treated these patients with beta-blocking agents.
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PMID:[Value of beta-blockers in the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (physiopathogenetic basis)]. 408 29

It has been shown in experiments on rabbits that alpha-and beta-adrenoblockers, and lithium chloride solution exert different effect on intraocular tension of healthy animals with experimental glaucoma and transitory hypertension. The beta-blockker obsidan decreases the tension in experimental glaucoma. Pretreatment with the drug prevents the development of glaucoma. On the contrary, the alpha-blocker pirroxan promotes the development of glaucoma and does not elicit any hypotensive therapeutic effect. The drug-induced decrease in intraocular tension was recorded in healthy animals and in rabbits with transitory hypertensin of the eye. The hypotensive effect of lithium was noted only in the animals with experimental glaucoma. The role of alpha-and beta-adrenergic receiption in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is discussed.
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PMID:[Role of the sympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of experimental glaucoma]. 610 92

At present more than 20 beta-adrenergic blocking drugs are commercially available in Western Europe, and six are available in the United States. The clinical indications for their usage include hypertension, arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, thyrotoxicosis, migraine headaches, glaucoma, and anxiety states. We will review the mechanisms suggested for the antihypertensive action of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs as well as these agents' clinical pharmacologic aspects. In general, the pharmacodynamic effects of the beta blocking drugs are quite similar, yet the properties of biotransformation, including pharmacokinetics, tend to be distinguishing features.
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PMID:Mechanisms of action and the clinical pharmacology of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs. 614 90

Seven cases are presented in which prolonged papilloedema led to the development of acquired optociliary shunt vessels. These vessels may also be found with optic nerve tumours, particularly spheno-orbital meningiomas, optic nerve drusen, glaucoma, and after central retinal vein occlusion. Two patients had intracranial tumours, 4 benign intracranial hypertension, and one Crouzon's disease. Three had marked atrophic changes of the disc. The pathophysiology of the disc changes is discussed. The triad of long-standing poor vision, acquired optociliary shunts, and optic atrophy with blurred disc margins should not be regarded as specific for spheno-orbital meningioma.
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PMID:Acquired optociliary shunt vessels in papilloedema. 615 36


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