Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a total group of 130 patients with Normal Pressure Glaucoma (NPG) twenty-six were classified as Focal Ischaemic NPG (FINPG). This subgroup has a typical defect at the disc with a comparable visual field defect in the corresponding half of the visual field. Visual field defects are more often seen in the upper than the lower half of the visual field. The defects in the upper half are on the average larger (stage 1.6) than those in the lower half (stage 0.9). Abnormalities of the chamber angle were observed in 12% of these patients, the same percentage as in the normal population. Hypertension and/or cardiovascular disorders were found significantly more frequently in FINPG patients (65.4%) than in a control group of High Pressure Glaucoma (HPG) patients (22.2%). Of the local vascular risk factors, papillary haemorrhages (46%) and choroidal sclerosis (30%) were seen significantly more frequently in FINPG than in HPG (11% and 0% respectively). The total amount of peripapillary atrophy (PPA) in FINPG and HPG is the same, but the distribution is clearly different: in FINPG there is more PPA on the side of the papillary defect. Wide veins were observed in a high percentage of cases in both groups. FINPGs were found to be more frequently progressive (38.5%) than had been thought at first. Recognition of subgroups in NPG, and of risk factors, has already made it possible to make a better prognosis in some types of NPG.
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PMID:Focal ischaemic normal pressure glaucoma versus high pressure glaucoma. 209 Apr 4

A hemorrhage in the anterior chamber is a frequent phenomenon, very often treated too easily. Our investigation followed for 3 years (1985-1987) the way in which hyphema were resorbed after the eye contusions in the patients operated by cataract or glaucoma. The causes of hyphemas, their onset, the aspect of the blood and the resorption period are analyzed. The majority of hyphemas were resorbed in the first 7 days (in the case of contusions 87%, after operation of cataract 84%) but in the glaucomatous patients the resorption in the first 7 days appeared only in 50% of the cases; the blood remained in the anterior chamber in 12.5% of cases even after 21 days. The blood in the anterior chamber is resorbed by the excretory ducts, mainly as intact erythrocytes; in the glaucomatous patients the ducts are altered and the erythrocytes are more difficulty eliminated. The liquid in the anterior chamber is eliminated by the fistulization opening, but the erythrocytes do not pass as they cannot be resorbed in the subconjunctival space. The blood in the anterior chamber of an eye with ocular hypertension (decompensated glaucoma or contusions with hypertension) favours the hematic impregnation of the cornea, and the macrophages loaded with hemosiderin are deposited at the level of the excretory ducts, thus increasing the danger of hemolytic secondary glaucoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Hyphema, a risk factor in the glaucomatous eye]. 210 Oct 38

Acute angle-closure glaucoma from a spontaneous massive hemorrhagic retinal or choroidal detachment occurred in five eyes. The source of the hemorrhagic detachment was a disciform macular lesion in all instances. The mechanism for the angle closure is the abrupt forward displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm resulting from the massively detached choroid and retina. Four of the five patients had either systemic hypertension or a primary or anticoagulant-induced clotting disorder. All patients underwent ultrasonographic studies, and one patient had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to rule out melanoma. Only one eye required enucleation for pain relief. Glaucoma medication, cyclophotocoagulation, or retrobulbar alcohol controlled the other four eyes. The clinical, ultrasonographic, MRI, and histopathologic features of this rare condition are described, and an updated therapeutic approach is discussed.
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PMID:Acute angle-closure glaucoma from spontaneous massive hemorrhagic retinal or choroidal detachment. An updated diagnostic and therapeutic approach. 217 99

A large french multicenter study has been conducted by 750 ophthalmologists with 5,872 patients with open angle chronic glaucoma or intraocular hypertension. The patients were treated twice a day for a period of six months with Betaxolol eye drops, a Beta-1 betablocker product, and cardioselective. Concerning the total population of patients, 35% had a cardiovascular systemic context, 12.1% had a pulmonary systemic context, 5.2% were diabetic patients. Efficacy, systemic tolerance, visual comfort have been evaluated during the study, for each group of patient. After six months of treatment, intra-ocular pressure of the 5,872 patients has been lowered from 22.61 mmHg to 18.25 mmHg. Patients have reported a global efficacy in 97% of cases, a good systemic tolerance in 91% of the cases. The investigations have reported a global efficacy in 96% of cases and a good systemic tolerance in 91%. Ocular comfort has been reported as acceptable by 89% patients and by 92% of the Investigators. The analysis of the results of the study allows us to say that the Beta-blocker-Beta-1 selective eye drop, can be used in treatment of intraocular hypertension or open angle chronic glaucoma with a high range of efficacy and safety.
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PMID:[Epidemiologic and tonometric results of a multicenter study of 5,872 patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma treated with betaxolol]. 226 81

The authors analyze ocular hemodynamics parameters in patients with ocular hypertension who were transferred to glaucoma group during ten-year follow-up. The patients who were transferred to this group were those whose hemodynamic parameters were lower than in the reference group. By the end of the follow-up period a negligible reduction of the hemodynamic parameters was observed in the 'hypertension' group and a statistically significant reduction in glaucoma patients. This lead the authors to a conclusion on the necessity of early prescription of drugs stimulating disordered ocular hemodynamics.
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PMID:[Retrospective analysis of the parameters of ocular hemodynamics in patients with initial open-angle glaucoma]. 226 34

The objective was to study dalargin in experiment and its effect on drainage tracts in norm and with experimental hypertension, modulating secondary glaucoma. Investigations have been made on 82 rabbit eyes. The overall results show, that subconjunctival and electrophoretic dalargin injection of (0.1%-0.2-0.5 ml) causes the expansion of anterior and posterior lymph-drainage tracts of the eye and have hypotensive effect for ocular hypertension and secondary glaucoma.
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PMID:[Control of lymph-drainage tracts of the eye by the use of dalargin]. 227 6

By means of an ophthalmological device "Iatagan", laser iridectomy, in personal modification, was made in 54 patients with chronic (in 40 cases--tuberculosis) uveitis in 67 eyes with predominantly organic changes in the anterior chamber angle. Before operation, ophthalmic hypertension was recorded in 55 eyes, of them glaucoma of different stages--in 43 (in 12 eyes intraocular pressure was normal). In immediate and remote terms, normalization of intraocular pressure was achieved in more than 60% of cases. Complications were rare and, as a rule, easily removed. There were no essential differences in effectiveness of laser iridectomy used in tuberculous and nontuberculous uveitis. The results obtained speak about the expediency of wide usage of laser iridectomy in chronic uveitis for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.
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PMID:[Laser iridectomy in tuberculous uveitis complicated by glaucoma and ophthalmic hypertension]. 228 Sep 16

Two cases in the same sibship are reported. The elder patient, who had posterior dislocation of the lens resulting in glaucoma and significant psychomotor retardation, died at the age of 13 with malignant arterial hypertension. Death was caused by thrombotic events (left carotid artery, coronary vessels, renal arteries and arterioles with fibrous endarteritis). The sister, aged 10, had psychomotor retardation and anomalies of both lenses. Chromatographic studies of serum and urine amino acids confirmed the diagnosis of homocystinuria. The form was pyridoxine-sensitive as shown by the results of therapy with pyridoxine and folates. We suggest that homocystinuria, although infrequent, should be routinely looked for in every child with a thrombotic event since a pyridoxine-folate combination is successful in half the cases, preventing the development of complications especially when initiated early.
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PMID:[2 familial cases of homocystinuria one of which revealed by fatal hypertensive encephalopathy]. 235 Jan 47

It was observed that in hypertension hearing is severely damaged. By analysis of the otological symptomatology in 50 hypertonic patients (42 women, 8 men) a bilateral hearing disorder was revealed in 47 subjects, a unilateral one in three subjects, otoscopy revealed dilatation of the artery supplying the handle of the malleus or even hyperaemia of Schrapnell's membrane. The patients reported low-frequency tinnitus, vertigo, pressure in the ears pain in the ears, headache, weather-dependence of complaints. In the initial stages roof-shaped type of audiometric curve was found, in the group were 45% mixed types of deafness. If during hypertension sodium is retained and the extracellular volume is enlarged, then in the inner ear the volume of perilymph increases in particular and this leads to impaired conduction through the inner ear fluids with affection of high and low frequencies, disorders of the conduction function of the fenestrae with the conduction component on the audiogram. Hypertension is for the organ of hearing an important risk factor in pre-disposed subjects with and affection of the inner ear is equally malignant and has a similar pathological background as glaucoma.
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PMID:[The cochleovestibular syndrome in hypertension]. 235 Aug 10

A population-based cohort of 1,598 urban residents, aged 65 years and over, was studied in 1975, and 645 survivors were re-interviewed in their places of residence in 1984. Since 25.6 percent of the subjects were Black, it was possible to examine race-related changes in health, function, and socioeconomic status over nine years, as well as differences in rates of institutionalization and mortality. Aging urban Blacks continue to experience major social disadvantages, especially in education and income. After age 74, although Blacks probably experience more favorable mortality rates and less institutionalization, they consider themselves less healthy and are more likely to develop diabetes, hypertension, and glaucoma. Although Blacks rate their own mental health lower, this difference is not supported by other measures. Functionally, elderly Whites are more likely to be dependent in certain activities of daily living. The findings are consistent with the previously observed mortality crossover; predictors of mortality are identified but do not differ by race. Lower institutionalization rates among older Blacks may be partly explained by different living patterns, poverty, and a higher proportion of males among surviving Blacks.
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PMID:Race-related differences among elderly urban residents: a cohort study, 1975-1984. 236 77


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