Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Male and female, massively obese and nonobese, spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) which are hypersensitive to stress were kept under quiescent conditions; they were autopsied at 15 months of age. The blood pressure of the Obese/SHR plateaued at 166 mmHg versus 198 mmHg for the nonobese/SHR. The once massive thymi vanished in the Obese/SHR accompanied by greatly enlarged adrenal glands, pituitary basophilia, greatly elevated levels of adrenocorticotrophin, corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, aldosterone, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia. The Obese/SHR were hyperadrenocorticoid compared with their nonobese siblings and manifested a Cushingoid spectrum of degenerative changes (e.g., thin skin, hypertension, diabetes, kidney stones, and accelerated aging). The provision of a nonstressful environment is believed to have dampened the usual chronic hyperadrenocorticism and prolonged the lifespan of the Obese/SHR.
 ...
PMID:Cushingoid pathophysiology of old, massively obese, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 682 32

Male and female, normotensive, Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were subjected to acute and massive myocardial infarction with isoproterenol. Some of the animals were pre-treated (7 days) with the prolactin-lowering drug, bromocryptine. SHR survived in greater numbers than S-D but developed massive congestive heart failure of late onset. The adrenal glands and hearts became greatly hypertrophied in parallel with severely involuted thymus glands. ECG tracings demonstrated intense tachycardia and myocardial ischaemia. Bromocryptine reduction of prolactin (PRL) showed no effect on ECG tracings but reduced triglyceride, free fatty acid, total cholesterol and glucose levels. Isoproterenol caused dynamic increase in glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides. CPK levels demonstrated greater cardiac damage in S-D vs SHR; greatly elevated SGOT and SGPT levels confirmed the presence of fatty liver in S-D and SHR. Myocardial infarction caused marked increase in circulating PRL in females only and sustained increases in aldosterone and corticosterone. SHR survivors had a high incidence of atrial and ventricular thrombi, left ventricular aneurysms, and intense fibroplasia and cartilaginous metaplasia in areas adjacent to damaged myocardium. It is suggested that adrenal steroidogenesis during an acute myocardial infarct favours survival and more complete myocardial repair in females vs males, and preexisting hypertension in SHR is associated with hormonal and metabolic response patterns different from normotensive S-D rats.
 ...
PMID:Hormonal and metabolic changes during acute myocardial infarction in normotensive vs hypertensive rats. 684 10

The clinical features, laboratory investigations and histopathology of 12 patients with idiopathic acute fatty liver of pregnancy are presented. Repeated vomiting, starting in the last trimester, was the cardinal symptom. Seven patients had proteinuria, hypertension and peripheral oedema before jaundice appeared. Caesarian section and induction of labour led to a lower than expected maternal mortality (33 X 3 per cent) and foetal mortality (66 X 7 per cent). There was a high incidence of twin and male births. Neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia and normoblasts were a uniform feature and uric acid levels were universally high. These findings may be useful in diagnosis in conjunction with liver function tests. Hepatic histology showed pathognomonic microvesicular fat in swollen hepatocytes with central nuclei and centrilobular distribution. However, a diffuse pattern and the presence of significant inflammation and fibrin deposits led to an initial misdiagnosis in two patients. Histology of fetal livers and five placentae was normal. Seven subsequent normal pregnancies occurred in four patients. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy may be confused with acute hepatitis or toxaemia on both clinical and histological grounds. Accurate diagnosis should lead to improved management and lessen maternal and fetal mortality. This justifies more intensive and urgent investigation of nausea, vomiting and jaundice in the last trimester of pregnancy.
 ...
PMID:Idiopathic acute fatty liver of pregnancy in 12 patients. 715 26

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were autopsied at timed intervals from weaning to 28 months. Blood pressure reached 180 to 240 mm Hg after 4 months and was maintained. After 20 months, male SHR began to die of myocardial infarction. A survey was made of the histopathologic changes associated with increasing blood pressure and age. Histopathologic changes appeared in males when they became 8 months old; degenerative changes did not appear in female SHR until 12 to 15 months. Degenerative changes consisted of pituitary basophilia, fatty liver, islet hyperplasia and beta cell degranulation which preceded and became exacerbated with worsening hypertension. Intimal fibrino hyalin lesions of the gonads, polyarteritis nodosa, myocardial infarction, and cerebral edema were more severe in males vs females. Female SHR live significantly longer than males (e.g., 28 to 34 months). Hypertension and longevity may be under separate genetic control in SHR.
 ...
PMID:Histopathologic changes in aging male vs female spontaneously hypertensive rats. 726 33

The presence of hepatic steatosis was determined in 180 middle-aged male workers by ultrasonography and was found in 39 (22%) of them. Body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and serum levels of asparate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) were higher in the subjects with hepatic steatosis. Although the volume of alcohol consumed in a week did not differ between the subjects with and without hepatic steatosis, the hepatic steatosis was thought to relate to both increased body mass and alcohol consumption because the elevations of serum AST and gamma-GTP in the subjects depended largely on alcohol consumption but not on BMI. The results of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test showed a higher blood glucose at 120 minutes and a higher plasma immunoreactive insulin at baseline, 60 and 120 minutes in the subjects with hepatic steatosis, being adjusted for age, BMI and alcohol consumption. The significant association between serum gamma-GTP and BP, which had been often observed in alcohol consumers, was no longer significant after adjustment for plasma insulin levels whereas plasma insulin showed a significant association with BP. These results suggest the possibility that hypertension in alcohol consumers, and also in obese people, relates at least partly to hyperinsulinaemia associated with progression in hepatic steatosis.
 ...
PMID:Association between hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia as related to hypertension in alcohol consumers and obese people. 775 70

A 35-years old female with Jordans' anomaly was reported. She had been treated for diabetes mellitus and hypertension at another hospital. She was admitted to our hospital for operation for diabetic retinopathy on July 9, 1992. Wright-Giemsa stained peripheral blood smear revealed multiple vacuoles in the cytoplasm of the granulocytes and monocytes. Histochemical studies of these vacuoles showed positive for Sudan III but negative for peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and PAS staining. Electron microscopic examination revealed that lipid containing vacuoles had no clear membrane and were not associated with cell organelles. Laboratory findings of the serum showed hyperglycemia (FBS 188mg/dl), high HbA1c level (9.4%) and mild type IIa hyperlipidemia. Abdominal sonogram and abdominal CT showed no remarkable abnormalities except for mild fatty liver. Her elder sister and daughter had similar morphological findings in granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes.
 ...
PMID:[A case of Jordans' anomaly]. 786 17

Relationships between body mass index, blood pressure (BP) and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were analysed in 859 male and 2,456 female nondrinkers aged 18-59 years. Serum gamma-GTP levels correlated with BP independently of age and body mass index in both men and women. The changes in BP of 391 male nondrinkers aged 35-54 years during a five year period correlated with the changes in serum gamma-GTP levels, independently of BP levels, age, body mass index and serum gamma-GTP at the beginning of the follow-up, and of the changes in body mass index. As the rise in serum gamma-GTP levels in nondrinkers depends largely on the progression in fatty change in the liver cells accompanying increases in the size of body mass, these results suggest a close association between the development of fatty liver and hypertension in obese persons.
 ...
PMID:Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level and blood pressure in nondrinkers: a possible pathogenetic role of fatty liver in obesity-related hypertension. 791 31

Twenty-six pregnant women complicated with acute renal failure (ARF) were admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital during Jan. 1972 to Dec. 1990, the incidence rate was 0.045%. Among them, 4 cases of ARF were due to non-specific factors to pregnancy (15.4%) and 22 cases (84.6%) were due to factors correlated with pregnancy. Severe pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was the main cause of ARF in late pregnancy accounting for 86.4% (19 cases). In this series, 7 cases with eclampsia and 12 cases with preeclampsia, the incidence rate of ARF in preeclampsia and eclampsia was 0.91% and 11.3% respectively. The average age was 28.3 yr. 9 out of 19 cases were parous women. During pregnancy and labour, patients had more than one complications. 4 cases each were complicated with abruptio placentae, postpartum hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage and serious puerperal infection respectively. 3 cases were complicated with HELLP syndrome and one each with acute fatty liver, hypertension or gentamycin nephrotoxicity. 10 cases had deliveries preceded admission. The cesarean rate was 52.6% (10 cases). ARF onset before labour in 9 cases and postpartum in 10 cases. Developed only in 1 case of postpartum ARF in our department, this patient had a twin gestation, also complicated with severe PIH and acute fatty liver. Auria and oliguria ARF were found in 18 cases, nonauria in only 1 case. In this study, the highest serum BUN was 7.5-39.3 mmol/L (21-110 mg/dl). Medical management and rectal dialysis or peritoneal dialysis were performed in 10 cases who were in early stage, mild ARF or those ARF occurred before admission.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Acute renal failure in severe pregnancy induced hypertension: a report of 19 cases]. 824 47

'Magnesium ischaemia' is a term used to denote the functional impairment of the ATP-dependent sodium/potassium and calcium pumps in the cell membranes and within the cell itself. The production of ATP and the functioning of these pumps is magnesium-dependent and is critically sensitive to acidosis. Zinc and iron deficiencies may secondarily impair these pumps and thus contribute to 'magnesium ischaemia' (as does acidosis). This term is two-dimensional at its simplest; it refers to a functional magnesium deficiency, whether actual or induced. It is argued that chronic acidosis is the most common inducing factor. This simple hypothesis can begin to unify diverse pathophysiologies: some spontaneous abortions, aspects of Type II and gestational diabetes and the curious observation that heroin addicts become diabetic. It can also unify clinical thinking about pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and acute fatty liver of pregnancy, as well as the coagulopathy of pregnancy. It makes important predictions about perinatal morbidity and suggests that early supplementation might prevent much pregnancy-induced disease.
 ...
PMID:The pathogenesis of eclampsia: the 'magnesium ischaemia' hypothesis. 839 28

Myocardial infarction associated with pregnancy is a relatively rare event, usually related to maternal risk factors for ischemic heart disease such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Coronary artery dissection represents an even more uncommon event and generally occurs in peripartum women without predisposing risk factors. A 31-year-old patient's postpartum course was complicated by the development of probable acute fatty liver of pregnancy followed by myocardial infarction and coronary artery dissection. The acute fatty liver of pregnancy and the cardiac event in our patient may both be vasospastic events related to vascular hypersensitivity.
 ...
PMID:Myocardial infarction and coronary artery dissection in pregnancy. 854 Sep 34


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>