Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of the female subjects with pelvic endometriosis 1.2 per cent are found to have involvement of the genitourinary tract. Ureteral obstruction secondary to endometriosis is uncommon and usually is unilateral. We report a case of renal failure with hypertension due to bilateral ureteral obstruction from pelvic endometriosis. Ureteral endometriosis and its treatment are discussed. In premenopausal women presenting with bilateral obstruction of the distal ureters endometriosis should be part of the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Endometriosis of the ureter can present as renal failure: a case report and review of endometriosis affecting the ureters. 687 85

During the past decade the World Health Organization (WHO) has embarked on a $17 million program to study different kinds of contraceptive methods and their effect on maternal health. More than 600 scientists from 85 countries are participating. These investigations have implicated abortion as a factor in miscarriage, perinatal morbidity, and perinatal mortality due to isthmus-cervical inadequacy. It is also implicated in sterility and extrauterine pregnancy, as well as other disorders of pregnancy. Hence WHO emphasizes other birth control methods, in particular the pill. But the birth control pill also has side effects, as this is the first time that hormones have been used not to treat some illness but in healthy women. Their incidence increases with age (after 30-35 years of age) and also is enhanced by smoking, high blood pressure, hyperlipoproteinemia, and diabetes. Oral contraceptives (OCs) also reduce the incidence of benign tumors of the breast, ovarian cysts, iron-deficiency anemia, and rheumatoid arthritis. They have a beneficial effect also in endometriosis, dysfunctional hemorrhages, polyposis and endometrial hyperplasia, ovulatory problems, and inflammatory conditions of the genitals. Many of the longterm effects of these contraceptives are still unknown, such as their influence on cancer or on the fetus. The WHO investigation has shown that 1/2 stop taking the birth control pill after 1 year, and 2/3 after 2 years. Another widespread technique is the IUD, used by over 60 million women. But this causes hemorrhage in some, especially the women of India, Pakistan, and other countries. Work is now being done on ways to minimize the hemorrhage associated with the IUD, to clarify its presence as a cause of inflammatory processes of the genitals, extrauterine pregnancies, and subsequent sterility. The WHO also studied the rhythm method of preventing conception and found that 35% of women ceased employing it after 13 months, while 20% became pregnant. It was decided to work on elucidating new methods of determining the onset of ovulation. The WHO is also studying the use of prostaglandins to interrupt pregnancy. A major task for the future is determining which women are at greatest risk from the various birth control techniques.
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PMID:[Modern methods of regulating generative function]. 733 55

Danazol is a semisynthetic androgen that is used in the treatment of endometriosis and hereditary angioedema. Although fluid retention and weight gain are well-known complictaions of danazol therapy, to our knowledge hypertension has not been previously documented with the use of this drug. We have studied a patient with hereditary angioedema who exhibited a reproducible hypertension with danazol therapy. Based on our investigation, the resultant hypertension was primarily volume dependent. The hypertension in this patient failed to respond to propranolol hydrochloride, while it normalized with the administration of a small dose of a diuretic. In view of the growing indications for therapy with danazol, increasing numbers of susceptible patients may be at risk of having drug-induced hypertension develop. We, therefore, recommend that blood pressure be routinely monitored in patients receiving this drug.
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PMID:Hypertension: a complication of danazol therapy. 742 72

Ureteral obstruction due to endometriosis is an infrequent condition which can be asymptomatic for a long time. Irreversible loss of renal function may result in cases with delayed diagnosis. Our report concerns a case of unilateral hydronephrosis and hypertension due to retroperitoneal endometriosis occurring in a 24-year-old woman. The management of patients bearing obstructive uropathy caused by endometriosis is discussed. In the present case, a conservative operation followed by medical treatment, including GnRH analogs, was used to preserve reproductive capacity.
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PMID:Ureteral obstruction due to retroperitoneal endometriosis: a conservative approach including surgery and GnRH analogs. 870 87

Although an individual assessment of the risks and benefits is always essential, combined, low-dose oral contraceptives (OCs) are an effective method of fertility control, even for women with chronic medical problems. In addition to contraception, therapeutic uses of combined OCs include acne, anovulatory uterine bleeding, control of bleeding with blood dyscrasias, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, hirsutism, hypothalamic amenorrhea, ovarian hormone replacement, polycystic ovarian syndrome, premenstrual syndrome, and recurrent functional ovarian cysts. This article presents guidelines for clinicians on the selection of combined OC users, counseling, contraindications, and management of adverse effects. It further outlines general considerations for the prescription of combined OCs to women with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, migraine headaches, and epilepsy.
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PMID:Combination oral contraceptives. 917 54

Endometriosis is probably a complex trait, like diabetes, hypertension or asthma, which implies that the disease is caused by an interaction between multiple genes and the environment. This paper reviews the evidence, in both human and nonhuman primates, that supports the theory of a genetic basis to endometriosis. The OXEGENE study, which aims to identify susceptibility genes in endometriosis through linkage analysis, is also described. DNA is being collected from families containing at least two sisters with surgically confirmed revised American Fertility Society stage III and IV disease to carry out a genome-wide search for susceptibility genes. Candidate genes involved in galactose metabolism and dioxin detoxification are also being analyzed. The identification of genes conferring susceptibility to endometriosis may lead to a better understanding of disease etiology and, in time, improved therapeutic strategies and diagnostic methods.
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PMID:The genetics of endometriosis. 956 59

The word antioxidant has become a household term, and every day we are bombarded with claims of antioxidant protection against a host of diseases. Atherosclerosis, cancer, gastric ulcers, memory loss, rheumatoid arthritis, endometriosis, pregnancy complications, hypertension, stroke, and a host of other diseases have been suggested to be induced by oxidative stress, and antioxidants have been suggested to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of these disorders. While some of these may be exuberant claims, atherosclerosis is one disease in which the oxidation hypothesis has taken firm roots. The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been suggested to be a key step in the initiation of the early atherosclerotic lesion. A number of proatherogenic effects have been described for both the protein and lipid components of oxidized low-density lipoprotein. In this commentary, a brief description of the involvement of oxidation and the potential for antioxidant treatment for cardiovascular disease will be provided. However, there are innumerable questions plaguing the hypothesis; this commentary, therefore, will also serve as a devil's advocate and propose that some form of oxidation might actually be beneficial.
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PMID:Oxidized low-density lipoprotein, a two-faced Janus in coronary artery disease? 974 62

Leptin, a recently described type-1 cytokine, is involved in cellular maturation and growth and appears to have a relationship to some obstetrical and gynecologic diseases. The MEDLINE database was accessed, and leptin-related articles published during the past 6 years were reviewed for their relevance to gynecologic and obstetrical diseases. The relationships between this cytokine and obesity, puberty, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, assisted fertility, and menopause are discussed. The role of leptin in fetal physiology and in normal and abnormal fetal growth as well as its role in diabetes, pregnancy, and pregnancy-induced hypertension are reviewed.
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PMID:Leptin in obstetrics and gynecology: a review. 1128 35

Laparoscopy and palpation offer only a rough estimate of the extent of endometriosis. Consequently, endometriosis involving the bowels and urinary tract is under-diagnosed. Bowel obstruction and retroperitoneal endometriosis with obstruction of the ureter are uncommon conditions, but awareness of them is important. Ureteric obstruction develops slowly from periureteral fibrosis and often results in an asymptomatic hydronephrosis, loss of renal function and hypertension. Although renography is the first line of choice in investigation of the upper urinary tract in cases of suspected ureteric obstruction, ultrasound of the kidneys may be useful in the hands of the experienced gynecologist as a screening tool at consultation. The rationale for this recommendation is that ureteric obstruction and hydronephrosis often occur simultaneously. We present a case with bowel obstruction mimicking sigmoid carcinoma, ureteric obstruction and hypertension, caused by endometriosis, where the diagnostic difficulties are illustrated. Collaboration between gynecologist and urologist is essential in selected cases of endometriosis.
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PMID:[A case report. Endometriosis caused colonic ileus, ureteral obstruction and hypertension]. 1140 1

The experience of 6 million Norplant users has led to several more advanced implants. Implanon is a single-rod implant system containing a low androgenic progestin and requires 1 to 2 minutes for insertion and removal. Like other implants, Implanon prevents pregnancy by changing the character of the cervical mucus and interfering with luteal function. Unlike Norplant, though, Implanon is designed to prevent ovulation for the full duration of use. Implant contraception has several advantages over other types of contraception including high efficacy, minimal required maintenance, absence of estrogen, and rapid return of fertility after discontinuation. Implants can be a good choice for adolescents; women with hypertension, diabetes, anemia, endometriosis, or other medical problems; and women who are breast-feeding. Irregular bleeding is the most common adverse effect of implants and can be treated with several medication regimens. Preinsertion counseling, however, is the most important factor in ensuring satisfaction with implants. Unfortunately, no implant system is currently available in the United States since August 2000, but Implanon is expected to reach the U.S. market within the next 2 years.
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PMID:Implant contraception. 1172 76


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