Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nine patients examined by arteriography were shown to have mycotic aneurysms involving the thoracic aorta, subclavian artery, renal artery, middle cerebral artery, hepatic artery, and splenic artery. Patients presented with sepsis, chest pain, mediastinal mass, headache, hypertension, and intraperitoneal bleeding. Etiologic factors included endocarditis, septicemia, drug abuse, and poorly controlled soft-tissue infection. Most mycotic aneurysms were virulent processes with rapid progression and only three of the nine patients (33%) survived. Since mycotic aneurysms may be associated with rapid progression and poor prognosis, early recognition is mandatory.
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PMID:Protean manifestations of mycotic aneurysms. 10 65

The clinical features of intracerebral hemorrhage have changed during the last 10 to 15 years. There are indications that the predominance in men is related to higher alcohol consumption. Hypertension plays a less important role than formerly; instead, alcoholic hepatic disease, disorders of coagulation, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and, specially in the USA, drug abuse have gained in influence. Long-term anticoagulation therapy still carries a major risk of intracerebral hemorrhage, although this may the less with INR values of 2.0 to 3.0%. The most striking change is a decrease by half of hospital mortality together with less severe initial symptoms. The reasons might be a fall in incidence, successful treatment of high-risk hypertensive patients, diagnosis of small encapsulated hematomas by CT and changes in referral modes.
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PMID:[Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. A disease in transition]. 156 71

Many studies of age-related cognitive decline have failed to distinguish between usual and successful aging. Although some degree of cognitive impairment is associated with aging, when one looks at average performance, there is great variability among individuals, with many showing little or no deleterious effects of aging on intellectual abilities. Many of the risk factors for dementia and for conditions associated with cognitive impairments can be treated or controlled. Among the preventable causes of cognitive decline are the following: AIDS, Alcohol and drug abuse, Cerebrovascular disease, Exposure to organic solvents or lead, Head trauma, Overmedication, Syphilis. Other conditions that may cause cognitive decline can be controlled or treated: Atherosclerosis, Depression, Diabetes, Emphysema, High blood pressure, Obesity, Sleep disorders, Thyroid dysfunction. In addition, it may be possible to enhance the cognitive performance of even healthy elderly people through changes in diet and lifestyle. Recent data raise the possibility that improved prenatal and perinatal care and greater access to educational opportunities may result in a decreased incidence of dementia in future generations of older adults. Although they are rapidly becoming more numerous, the efficacy of cognitive training programs in preventing or slowing cognitive decline has not yet been demonstrated. Nevertheless, such programs may ameliorate cognitive impairment by reducing the psychiatric disabilities associated with anxiety and depression. The general principle underlying these strategies for limiting cognitive impairment with age is to maximize brain reserve and minimize brain damage.
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PMID:Preventing cognitive decline. 157 76

Noncompliance has been identified as the predominant reason for failure of hypertension therapy. Patients may perceive hypertension as a symptomatic condition, and this view may affect compliance. In a cross-sectional study of outpatients attending a hypertension clinic, we assessed 125 veterans' understanding of hypertension, hypertension history, comorbidities, and pharmacy refills for hypertension medications. Though over 70% viewed hypertension as a symptomatic condition, symptoms were not significantly associated with pharmacy compliance. In univariate analyses, variables significantly associated with better pharmacy compliance were perceived lifetime treatment of hypertension, greater than 5-year history of medication use, perceived cause of hypertension other than diet, use of more than one hypertension drug, lack of reported departure from the prescribed medication regimen, absence of drug abuse history, and race (Caucasian). In multivariate analyses, the best predictive model of pharmacy compliance included three variables: drug abuse history, perceived cause of hypertension, and pattern of medication use. This type of information should be included in the assessment of medication compliance among hypertensive patients.
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PMID:The patient's view of hypertension and compliance. 163 99

Amphetamine poisoning is rare in children. Here we report two male infants with acute poisoning due to accidental amphetamine ingestion. One infant had a family history of drug abuse and the other was due to poor supervision of the parents. Although typical clinical symptoms and signs (including restlessness, hyperactivity, hypertension, tachycardia and tachypnea....etc.) were found, both were completely recovered after treatment. The principle of management of amphetamine poisoning are presented.
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PMID:Amphetamine poisoning in infant: report of two cases. 165 42

It is projected that the proportion of black Americans, American Indians, Asian Americans, and Hispanic Americans entering the ESRD program will continue to increase. Despite the increase in the average age of the ESRD population, the minorities entering the ESRD program are much younger. The major risk factors of ESRD--hypertension, diabetes, and glomerulonephritis--are affecting these minorities at a higher rate and in varying combinations. High prevalence and severity of hypertension followed by diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors in blacks, especially black women. Heroin and HIV nephropathies, tied to the epidemic of illicit drug abuse, have a major impact on young black men. The high prevalence of diabetes and the epidemic of glomerulonephritis in certain tribes are the major risk factors in American Indians. Hypertension and diabetes are the risk factors for the rapidly increasing Asian American population, especially for the elderly segment of this population. Diabetes predominates as the risk factor for the rapidly growing Hispanic American population, a group that needs to be identified separately within the ESRD program. Diabetes and hypertension are treatable, and adequate control can prevent progression of renal failure. However, with minority groups, it is difficult to fully implement the measures necessary to achieve this control. Outreach programs are necessary not only to provide medical treatment but to include instruction in socioeconomic and educational strategies. Programs that will seek out these patients and treat them should also educate them about their diet, about the detrimental effects of alcohol and smoking, and about the danger of substance abuse. Ultimately, these programs may be much cheaper than supporting a rapidly increasing ESRD program.
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PMID:End stage renal disease in minorities. 192 May 1

Blacks, Hispanics, and whites were interviewed in a door-to-door survey assessing personal concern about AIDS relative to other health threats and willingness to attend in-home AIDS education programs. The survey consisted of three parts: (1) an open-ended inquiry regarding which health problems individuals wanted to learn more about, (2) ratings of concern about AIDS and nine other common health threats, and (3) assessment of willingness to participate in future neighborhood-based AIDS education programs. Usable data were obtained from 453 respondents. Sixty-seven health threats were mentioned in response to the open-ended inquiry; AIDS was mentioned by 50.7%, followed by cancer (19.9%). AIDS was mentioned more frequently by blacks (63.9%) than by Hispanics (42.5%) or whites (45.7%), X2(3) = 32.07, p less than .002. Participants also reported higher levels of concern about AIDS than any other health problem with the exception of cancer. Concern about AIDS was greater among blacks (M = 2.68) than among Hispanics (M = 2.33) or whites (M = 2.36), F(2,351) = 5.06, p less than .01. Differences as a function of ethnicity, gender, and/or age were observed with respect to concern about heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, drug abuse, colds and flu, and herpes. In general, blacks and Hispanics expressed more interest in participating in AIDS education programs than did whites. Concern about AIDS and other health threats was not consistently related to either disease prevalence or severity.
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PMID:AIDS and competing health concerns of blacks, Hispanics, and whites. 201 May 68

The problem of illegal drug abuse and extremity loss was identified in 27 patients-22 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 26 years. Associated medical problems included: smoking in 27, cardiac disease in 2, diabetes in 3, and hypertension in 3. Six femoral pseudoaneurysms, 2 with distal emboli and all with sepsis and thrombosis, directly contributed to limb loss along with 2 patients with progressive phlegmasia dolens. There were 3 below-the-elbow, 7 above-the-knee, 11 below-the-knee, and 6 transmetatarsal amputations. Eight patients received prostheses; 8 patients subsequently died in follow-up.
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PMID:Parenteral illegal drug use and limb loss. 226 3

There is a vast array of abused drugs, and only a few of the more commonly used substances have been discussed. Patients with drug abuse frequently present with atypical syndromes and diseases. These individuals usually have less social, medical and economic support, making them more susceptible to the diseases that are associated with poverty, such as tuberculosis, and the complications of diseases such as hypertension, congestive heart disease and diabetes that require long-term care. Our strategy in the evaluation of these patients should consider all these aspects of medicine. A meticulous assessment and comprehensive care are necessary to render quality care for these complicated human and toxicological problems.
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PMID:The medical complications of drug abuse. 240 89

There exists an overrepresentation of black patients in the ESRD programs at the national and regional levels. There is an increasing number of dialysis patients at the older age groups. The dialysis patients at HUH are much younger when compared to the national and regional data, especially when the three major causes of ESRD--hypertension, diabetes, and glomerulonephritis--are considered. This study demonstrates that black patients develop ESRD at a much younger age. Since both diabetes and hypertension are treatable, there is a need for more aggressive therapy of these conditions to prevent this premature onset of ESRD in blacks. Fifteen percent of patients with ESRD secondary to glomerular disease have an associated history of i.v. drug abuse, which could be responsible for the disease. The glomerular disease may not be treatable but may be preventable. However, this requires combined educational, social, and economic effort. Programs designed to control these three major causes of ESRD may be much less costly than supporting the current treatment modalities of ESRD.
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PMID:An update of the End-Stage Renal Disease Program at Howard University Hospital. 260 98


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