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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors studied 43 cases of arterial hypertension in pregnancy in an attempt to determine the efficiency and safety of different anti-hypertensive drugs. The patients were divided into two major groups: arterial hypertension which revealed itself during pregnancy (true toxaemias of pregnancy and relapsing toxaemias), and arterial hypertensions which were added on to a pre-existing pathology (arterial hypertension, diabetes, chronic nephritis). The cases in these different classes were then divided into two definite groups according to the need for therapy: the first group was treated by rest and hydrallazine as a single therapeutic agent. In the second group multiple agents were needed because of the arterial hypertension, and one was a beta-blocker. Complications were found particularly in the second group of true toxaemias of pregnancy where unfortunately 5 fetal deaths occurred that were attributable to the severity of the hypertension more than to the beta-blockers, which were administered for longer and in higher doses without major complications in recurrent toxaemias and pre-existing arterial hypertension cases.
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PMID:[The influence of present therapeutic methods and especially of beta-blockers on fetal and maternal prognosis in hypertensive syndromes in pregnancy. 43 case records (author's transl)]. 3 53

HLA-typing was performed in 149 patients with essential hypertension, 86 males and 63 females. In 66 patients with significantly elevated serum levels of immunoglobulins, HLA-B27 was increased to 18%, from 8% in the controls (P less than 0.007). This was not significant when correcting the P-value for the number of antigens analyzed, but confirms reports of an association of this antigen with serum levels of immunoglobulins. HLA-Bw15 was found to be increased two-fold in patients with a family history of hypertension (P corrected less than 0.05) and in patients with autoantibodies (not significant). This is discussed in relation to the increase of Bw15 in juvenile diabetes and in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, diseases in which vascular damage also occurs.
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PMID:HLA antigens in essential hypertension. Relation to familiar disposition and serum immunoglobulins. 7 Aug 61

A case of bisalbuminemia of slow type was discovered in a 41 year old woman with obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. This abnormality was discovered in six other members of the family and was thus hereditary. After a description of the laboratory tests used, the various forms of bisalbuminemia are described together with the circumstances of onset of the acquired forms, the biochemical and metabolic characteristics of the hereditary forms and their mode of transmission. Bisalbumin is present in all races. The mother of our case was of Italian origin, which permitted us to classify this case with others of Italian origin.
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PMID:[Hereditary bisalbuminemia. Study of a new familial case in France (author's transl)]. 8 Jan 45

The sympathetic nervous system is of major importance for the regulation of several physiological functions. Drugs which inhibit the actions of catecholamines and adrenergic drugs are used in the treatment of many clinical disorders. The potential role of catecholamines in a number of human diseases has, however, until recent years been studied to a limited extent only due to lack of methods for quantitation of sympathetic nervous activity. After the development of enzymatic isotope-derivative assays, reliable measurements of noradrenaline and adrenaline in plasma became available. Studies in man have shown that plasma noradrenaline is an index of sympathetic nervous activity. The present survey deals with sympathetic nervous activity and plasma adrenaline in a number of clinical disorders viz. arterial hypertension, duodenal ulcer, thyrotoxicosis, diabetes mellitus and ketotic hypoglycemia.
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PMID:The role of catecholamines in clinical medicine. 10 29

Abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy is being performed with progressively lower operative mortality and morbidity. Three hundred thirty seven patients have had elective aneurysm repair since 1954. Factors affecting mortality and morbidity in the last 108 cases are analyzed. Seventy-four per cent of patients had pre-existing disease, either cardiac, pulmonary, renal, cerebrovascular, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension. Six patients died following operation, a mortality rate of 5.5%. One died of pulmonary and 5 of cardiac causes. No patient died of renal failure or required dialysis. A signficant feature of management is the regimen of fluid therapy using dextrose in lactated Ringer's solution during and after operation to minimize hypotensive and renal complications. No patient developed a wound infection, graft infection, wound dehiscence, stroke, or intestinal ischemia. Serious postoperative complications were largely cardiac or pulmonary. Despite recent liberalization of indications for operation, comparative figures show continued reduction in operative mortality from 17% during 1954-1961, or 7.4% during 1962-1967, to 5.5% in the 1968-1974 era. This declining mortality is related to earlier diagnosis using non-invasive methods (sonogram), simplified operative techniques, improvement in fluid management, innovations in cardiopulmonary therapy, and recognition and proper handling of unusual manifestations of aortic aneurysms.
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PMID:Surgical management of abdominal aortic aneurysms: factors influencing mortality and morbidity--a 20-year experience. 12 60

Factors which are known to be associated with cerebral atherosclerosis were evaluated in Nigerian Africans. Of 465 autopsied adult Nigerians, 62 (13%) had cerebral atherosclerosis. The frequency and severity of atherosclerosis among Nigerians with hypertension, particularly male subjects, were higher than in normotensives. Although there was a similar frequency of hypertension among autopsied Nigerian and Minnesota Caucasian populations, the severity and extent of atherosclerosis were greater in the Minnesota Caucasian populations, the severity and extent of atherosclerosis were greater in the Minnesota population. The relatively short duration of hypertension in the Nigerian before death might be an important factor which did not permit progressive development of cerebral atherosclerosis. Other factors which predisposed the Nigerian to increased frequency and severity of atherosclerosis included increased heart weight and diabetes mellitus. The relatively low frequency of cerebrovascular disease in the Nigerian may be explained on the basis of a low degree of cerebral atherosclerosis and relatively short duration of hypertension.
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PMID:Cerebral atherosclerosis and its relationship to selected diseases in Nigerians: a pathological study. 12 75

In 80 industrial workers producing herbicides (2,4,5-trichlorphenoxyaceticacidsodium and sodiumpentachlorphenolate) in Czechoslovakia the following signs of intoxication caused by 2,3,6,7-tetrachlordibenzodioxin were found: Dermatological: Chloracne and Porphyria cutanea tarda. Internal: Disorders of the metabolism of porphyrins, fats, carbohydrates, plasmaproteins. Neurological: Mainly lesions of the peripheral neurone. Psychiatric: Neurasthenic syndrome and organic lesions. Differences from the usual course of chloracne were observed. Porphyria cutanea tarda acquisita was most obvious, one patient suffered and died from severe atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes. Many patients developed polyneuropathy, as verified both by EMG and autopsy. Two patients died from bronchogenic carcinoma.
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PMID:[Chloracne, porphyria cutanea tarda, and other poisonings due to the herbicides]. 13 6

Comprehensive ascertainment of all possible new cases of stroke appearing between January 1, 1970 and June 30, 1971, and admitted to three major hospitals in Winnipeg, Manitoba, has been achieved by reviewing the Manitoba Health Services Commission claim reports. The medical records of these cases were reviewed, pertinent data were abstracted, and rigid criteria for diagnosis were followed. Also, data were obtained from death certificates, autopsy reports and long-term hospital records. A total of 606 ascertained cases (410 infarction, 137 hemorrhage, and 59 undetermined type) were matched for age, sex, residence and year of admission with 606 controls from admissions for other than cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. The data were analyzed for elucidating the possible risk factors for infarction (INF) and hemorrhage (HGE). The findings suggested that hypertension was the main risk factor in hemorrhage, whereas in infarction, along with hypertension, other factors such as diabetes, heart enlargement in chest x-ray, ECG abnormalities, and smoking were suggested as risk factors. There was an association also between infarction, on one hand, and the history of receiving anticoagulants, diuretics, and medications for the heart, and the occurrence of myocardial infarction, on the other hand. These features indicate that infarction and ischemic heart disease have similar risk factors. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were higher in infarction cases than in their controls only when measured at stroke admission. No difference was revealed when they were measured prior to stroke. Their association with infraction therefore may be secondary to other factors and of no significance for its risk.
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PMID:Relative role of factors associated with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. A matched pair case-control study. 13 18

Based upon factor analysis, initial findings of the risk factors for coronary heart disease are reported, following invesitgations performed on a large number of patho-anatomical cases which were selected for specified criteria. The so-called hypertensive form of arteriosclerosis was demonstrated in the spleen, pancreas, and adrenal gland. It was shown that diabetes mellitus is an influencing factor in arteriolosclerosis in the liver. Several types of arterial hypertension can be differentiated according to clinical features and findings in the heart. Renoparenchymatous and renovascular sclerosis, pyelonephritis, diabetes mellitus, and age are the factors correlated or associated with various types of hypertension. Primary (?) renal hypertension can be differentiated from the secondary (?) TYPE. The discussion suggests that the morphological findings of arteriosclerosis and its complications may be explained, to a certain extent, by the known risk factors of coronary diseases defined by the methods described.
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PMID:[Factor analysis in hypertension. Risks of coronary heart disease and hypertensive arteriolosclerosis (author's transl)]. 14 84

An intravenous injection of 40 or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin induced not only diabetes but also severe hypertension in rats. Whereas the hyperglycemia developed fully within a few days after the injection of streptozotocin, the hypertension progessively advanced and reached maximum level several weeks after the treatment and lasted more than 20 weeks. Twenty mg/kg streptozotocin did not induce hyperglycemia but significantly increased blood pressure several weeks after the treatment. Arrest of growth, polyuria, glycosuria, hyperlipemia and lenticular cataracts developed in the animals treated with 40 or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, but in none of the animals treated with 20 mg/kg. In histological examinations in the 24th week after the treatment, degranulation and necrosis in the pancreatic beta-cells, and vacuolization and deposition of PAS-positive materials in the renal proximal tubules were found in the animals treated with 40 or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin.
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PMID:Chronic hypertension induced by streptozotocin in rats. 15 77


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