Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cystic fibrosis infants with severe respiratory distress had increased intracranial pressure (with bulging fontanels) which cleared parri passu with improvement in the chest condition. It is proposed that the intracranial hypertension is a result of raised venous pressure, itself secondary to the intrathoracic obstruction to venous return, consequent on the bronchial obstructive disease.
 ...
PMID:Increased intracranial pressure in cystic fibrosis. 69 6

Young adults with cystic fibrosis have lower blood pressures than control subjects of similar age and sex. The low blood pressure may be related to the excessive loss of salt in the sweat of these patients. A beneficial effect of the cystic fibrosis gene may be protection against developing hypertension in both the homozygous and heterozygous states, especially if the heterozygote has borderline elevation of sweat electrolytes.
 ...
PMID:Low blood pressure in young adults with cystic fibrosis: an effect of chronic salt loss in sweat? 113 90

Lung transplantation began to expand in 1983, after the advent of cyclosporin and the publication of the Toronto lung transplant group study. Single lung transplantation was first performed in patients with interstitial pneumopathy to be extended later to pulmonary emphysema, then to primary or secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension. Double lung transplantation provides patients suffering from chronic lung infection (e.g. cystic fibrosis) with a useful alternative to their ordinary treatment. The experience acquired throughout these years has resulted in wider criteria for patients' inclusion. More than acute rejection, bacterial infections directly condition the immediate prognosis. The frequency and severity of cytomegalovirus lung diseases lead to a discussion on the possibility of prophylactic and curative antiviral therapy. The occurrence of obliterative broncholitis, which reflects chronic lung rejection, jeopardizes the long-term results of transplantation. The functional results of the various types of lung grafting are analysed, and the position of lung transplantation in thoracic surgery is reassessed.
 ...
PMID:[Lung transplantation]. 179 34

Since pulmonary artery hypertension (PH) complicates advanced stages of cystic fibrosis (CF), we wondered whether plasma concentrations of h-ANP would be increased in adult patients with CF. Furthermore, if only the right ventricle is faced with an increased afterload in these patients, the increased h-ANP plasma levels should stem primarily from the right atrium. To test this hypothesis we studied 12 adult patients with CF in a clinically stable condition using right heart catheterization. Mean pressures were measured in the right atrium (Pra) and pulmonary artery (Ppa), pulmonary capillary wedge (PCWP) position, and blood were drawn from the pulmonary artery and from a peripheral vein to determine h-ANP. Plasma levels in the pulmonary artery were significantly higher than in a peripheral vein (54.3 +/- 6.0 pg/ml vs. 32.2 +/- 4.4 pg/ml; p less than 0.001). Four of the 12 patients had PH (Ppa, 25.8 +/- 2.9 mmHg) whereas 8 patients exhibited normal pulmonary artery pressures (Ppa, 15.9 +/- 0.7 mmHg). Patients with PH had higher Pra (4.2 +/- 0.4 mmHg) than patients with CF without PH (1.9 +/- 0.7 mmHg; p less than 0.05). Plasma h-ANP concentrations were significantly higher in patients with CF with PH (70 +/- 10.4 pg/ml in the pulmonary artery; 42.6 +/- 4 pg/ml in a peripheral vein) than in patients with normal pulmonary artery pressure (43 +/- 3.3 pg/ml in the pulmonary artery; p less than 0.01; 24.7 +/- 5.6 pg/ml in a peripheral vein; p less than 0.05). Although our results are derived from a small group of patients with CF, we conclude from our results that in patients with CF PH may cause increased h-ANP secretion. The right atrium seems to be a major source.
 ...
PMID:Raised circulating plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide in adolescent and adult patients with cystic fibrosis and pulmonary artery hypertension. 183 29

Neurotoxicity is a recognized complication of cyclosporin A (CsA) therapy in patients undergoing organ transplantation. It is most commonly manifested by fever, seizures, and altered mental status. Cortical blindness and speech and motor disturbances can also occur. Changes seen in cerebral white matter on imaging studies are nonenhancing areas of hypoattenuation on CT and T2 prolongation on MR. We report three cases of CsA-induced neurotoxicity in which reversible changes were observed in the cerebral white matter. In the first patient, CsA neurotoxicity occurred 1 week following orthotopic liver transplantation. In the second patient, CsA neurotoxicity coincided with an episode of severe systemic hypertension 4 weeks after cardiac transplantation. The third patient experienced seizures 1 month after heart/lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis. A current theory postulates a relationship between diminished serum cholesterol and CsA neurotoxicity. This theory, however, does not satisfactorily address all cases of CsA neurotoxicity. In particular, serum cholesterol measurements were normal in cases 2 and 3 and probably were normal in case 1, despite diminished cholesterol levels preoperatively. Although the matter of CsA-induced neurotoxicity remains unresolved, we suggest that endothelin, a newly described neuropeptide that causes intense vasoconstriction and that has been implicated in cerebral vasospasm, may potentiate CsA-induced damage to endothelium and promote CsA neurotoxicity.
 ...
PMID:MR imaging of reversible cyclosporin A-induced neurotoxicity. 188 38

From March 1988 to March 1990, 11 children with cystic fibrosis (age 5-15 years) underwent combined heart-lung transplantation at our institutes. Maintenance immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporin and azathioprine with corticosteroids and antithymocyte globulin used perioperatively and during rejection episodes. Six patients (55%) survive from 1.5-23 months all of whom have improved life quality. Actuarial survival to 1 year was 55%. At six months after transplant, mean forced expiratory volume at one second was 73.5% of predicted normal, compared with 25% before transplant. There was one perioperative death, three later deaths associated with obliterative bronchiolitis at two, eight, and nine months, and one from mediastinitis at four months. Of the 15 children accepted for transplantation but not receiving grafts, 10 have died (eight within four months of being placed onto the transplant list). Early postoperative problems included acute reversible rejection (n = 10), meconium ileus equivalent (n = 3), and pancreatitis (n = 1). There was a high incidence of later pulmonary rejection with a mean of 5.7 episodes per patient in the first six months. Pulmonary infection occurred relatively infrequently, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most common pathogen. Persistent diabetes mellitus requiring insulin occurred in four and systemic hypertension developed in one.
 ...
PMID:Heart-lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis. 2: Outcome. 192 6

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is considered to be the primary cause of pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The acute effect on pulmonary haemodynamics of a single sublingual dose of nifedipine 20 mg has been studied in 9 adult patients with CF. Nifedipine significantly attenuated the rise in mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance induced by inhalation of a 13% oxygen gas mix. It also slightly reduced baseline pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance and lowered pulmonary artery hypertension in the patients. Oxygen delivery was unchanged. Nifedipine is potentially useful for the treatment of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in patients with CF.
 ...
PMID:Acute effects on pulmonary haemodynamics of nifedipine in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. 209 44

Since December 1985, we have performed 38 transplantations: cardiac (CT) n: 31, cardiopulmonary (CPT) n: 1, or bipulmonary (BPT) n: 6. There were 31 male and 7 female patients, aged 7 to 62, mean 46. In the cardiac group, the cardiomyopathy was primitive in 13, ischemic in 16, valvular in 2. Five patients had undergone one or more previous operations. Three patients had a biventricular assist device (1,6 and 7 days before transplant) for acute cardiac failure. The indication of CPT or BPT was pulmonary artery hypertension (1), silicosis (1), cystic fibrosis (4). There were 4 post-operative deaths in the CT group (12.9%); failure of graft, low cardiac output, pulmonary artery hypertension by multiple pulmonary thrombosis, and 2 deaths in the CPT and BPT groups (28%). The mean post-operative hospital stay was one month. All patients with CT were treated by an initial maintenance bitherapy protocol (cyclosporine, steroids) and observed by myocardial biopsies and echocardiograms. In 40 per cent of the patients, Azathioprine was subsequently added. The patients had 2.1 rejection episode/patient/year, either spontaneously reversed of treated medically. There were two late deaths (2 and 7 months) by refractory rejection. 78 per cent of the patients were alive one year after transplant. All survivors have recovered a normal life, some of them with full-time work.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Heart and heart-lung transplantation. 3 years' experience in Timone CHU (Marseilles 1985-1988)]. 210 56

Many drugs, including antibiotics, have been implicated in the aetiology of benign intracranial hypertension. We report the development of benign intracranial hypertension after the use of ciprofloxacin in a teenager with cystic fibrosis.
 ...
PMID:Benign intracranial hypertension after ciprofloxacin administration. 224 12

A number of human studies presented at the workshop indicate that the premature infant at birth is biochemically deficient in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in both the brain and liver phospholipids, and that DHA is essential for normal visual acuity. The amount of DHA necessary to maintain normal amounts of the liver and brain phospholipids postnatally is 11 mg/kg daily. Elderly patients on long-term gastric tube feedings and others on long-term intravenous fluids and on total parenteral nutrition are particularly prone to deficiencies of alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA. The amounts estimated to prevent deficiencies in the elderly are 800-1100 mg/d of alpha-linolenic acid and 300-400 mg/d of EPA and DHA combined. Preliminary data indicate that children with malnutrition and mucoviscidosis, women with toxemia, and elderly people have decreased amounts of DHA in plasma phospholipids. The omega 3 fatty acids lower triglycerides and, at high levels, lower cholesterol. The anti-aggregatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties of omega 3 fatty acids have been confirmed, and a dose-response curve is emerging. Despite the increase in bleeding time, no clinical evidence of bleeding has been noted by the investigators in any of the studies. Clinical trials are necessary in order to precisely define the dose and mechanisms involved in defining the essentiality of omega 3 fatty acids in growth and development and their beneficial effects in coronary heart disease, hypertension, inflammation, arthritis, psoriasis, other autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
 ...
PMID:Summary of the NATO advanced research workshop on dietary omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids: biological effects and nutritional essentiality. 256 87


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>