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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric and duodenal motor function was studied using ionoballoono-tensiokinesiography method in 77 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis. Various periodic motor activity (PMA) infringements, both hypo- and hyperkinetic types, were diagnosed, mainly associated with duodenal hypertension, duodenogastric reflux and reflux-gastritis. Principles of pre- and postoperative correction of the PMA state for the guarantee of cholecystectomy functional full value were determined.
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PMID:[Significance of gastric and duodenal motor function in guaranteeing full functional value of cholecystectomy]. 760 4

We reported a rare case of marked dilatation of the bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) associated with stenosis of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA). A 64-year-old female was admitted with right hemiparesis and dysarthria. She was hospitalized 2 years ago for cholecystitis. For 5 years, she has been under medical treatment for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cardiac failure associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and atrial fibrillation. Brain CT scan showed infarction of the left corona radiata. Angiography revealed marked dilatation of the bilateral CCA and the internal carotid artery (ICA), moderate dilatation of the innominate artery and the right subclavian artery, kinking of the right CCA, diverticular outpouching of the left ICA, and stenosis of the right external carotid artery and the left MCA. Breast CT scan revealed moderate dilatation and marked calcification of the ascending aorta and the aortic arch. Laboratory examination did not show any sign of inflammation, rheumatoid factor (RA), antistreptolysis-O (ASLO) and antinucleotic antibody. Based on the clinical course, radiological findings and laboratory data, possible diagnosis of the dilatation of the bilateral CCA was discussed with particular emphasis on arteriosclerotic aneurysm and aortitis syndrome.
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PMID:[Marked dilatation of the bilateral common carotid artery: a case report]. 773 79

Data on the treatment of 228 patients with calculous cholecystitis complicated by obstructive jaundice are reported. Two-stage treatment was applied. In the first stage endoscopic and roentgenoendobiliary therapeutic interventions were undertaken to relieve jaundice and remove its causes. In the second stage a planned surgical operation was conducted after elimination of biliary hypertension, which consisted in cholecystectomy in the majority of patients. Such therapeutic tactics reduced mortality by half.
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PMID:[Method of treatment of patients with calculous cholecystitis complicated with mechanical jaundice]. 774 30

Clinical variables were studied in 3129 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting to identify patients at risk of abdominal complications and common etiologic factors in the development of such complications. Seventy-three gastrointestinal complications occurred (2.3%), with an overall mortality rate of 16.4% compared with a mortality rate of 3.4% for all patients undergoing bypass grafting (p < 0.001). Cholecystitis and intestinal ischemia were the most frequently encountered complications. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that preoperative hypertension, New York Heart Association classes III and IV, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction less than 40%, age greater than 70 years, reoperation, and urgent operation as independently and significantly associated with gastrointestinal complications. In contradiction to previous reports, no significant correlation existed between gastrointestinal complications and cardiopulmonary bypass time, 99.8 +/- 35.8 versus 101.2 +/- 39.8 minutes. Perioperative myocardial infarction and immediate postoperative hypotension with low cardiac output necessitating substantial inotropic pharmacologic support or intraaortic balloon pumping were significantly more prevalent in patients who had gastrointestinal complications (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that postoperative low cardiac output was a significant, independent predictor in the development of gastrointestinal complications of any kind after coronary artery bypass grafting. Postoperative splanchnic hypoperfusion could therefore be a common etiologic factor.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal complications after coronary artery bypass grafting. 796 73

The authors observed 32448 cases of alimentary toxoinfection (AT), 96.8% of which were females. Acute surgical abdominal conditions arose in 3.6% of them: appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis. Aggravation of chronic diseases occurred in 11.6% of the patients, hypertension and cholelithiasis being most frequent. 119 patients developed myocardial infarction, 266 hypertension crisis. The occurrence of acute and chronic diseases were analyzed in relation to common pathogenetic features, role of infection, intoxication, microcirculatory disturbances and hemostatic impairment. AT are suggested as risk factors of certain diseases likely to deteriorate prognosis.
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PMID:[Food poisonings as a risk factor for the development of acute and the exacerbation of chronic diseases]. 803 5

Weight loss reduces many of the health hazards associated with obesity including insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, hypoxemia and hypercarbia, and osteoarthritis. Potential adverse effects of weight loss include a greater risk for gallstone formation and cholecystitis, excessive loss of lean body mass, water and electrolyte problems, mild liver dysfunction, and elevated uric acid levels. Less consequential problems such as diarrhea, constipation, hair loss, and cold intolerance may also occur. The short-term adverse effects are not severe enough to contraindicate weight loss, nor do they outweigh its short-term benefits.
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PMID:Short-term medical benefits and adverse effects of weight loss. 836 5

The increase of acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) in out-patients produces the review of clinic files of 810 cases of cholecystectomy because of acute cholecystitis; 27 were acalculous (3.3%). AAC was predominant in female sex (20/27) in which the mean age was 37 years. In twelve patients (44%) the cholecystitis was associated with diabetes and hypertension. The clinical manifestations were similar to patients with cholelithiasis and preoperative diagnosis was made in only 33% by ultrasonography. The surgical findings were: Edematous gallbladder without stones, wall thickness and necrosis, as well as perivesicular adherences. In all patients the treatment was immediate cholecystectomy, with morbidity of 14.4% and no mortality. AAC is not only present in critically ill patients, but also is present in patients not hospitalized, and immediate cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:[Acute non-calculous cholecystitis in non-hospitalized patients]. 894 99

Experts agree that overweight and obesity pose a significant public health problem in the United States. Obesity is considered to be a complex, multifactorial disease involving genetics, physiology, psychology, and environment, and is influenced by cultural messages. Comorbidities linked to obesity include coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, gout, dyslipidemias, cholecystitis, and gallstones. Pharmacists can help patients with dietary goals by understanding sound principles of weight management.
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PMID:Nonpharmacologic treatment of obesity. 895 51

The characteristics of alcohol-induced flushing response were studied in some Siberian Native populations (Chukchi, Eskimo, Jakuts, Udege, and Nanaian). Flushing peculiarities were estimated and the interrelationship with drinking patterns, the ethanol patch test (EPT), and somatic disorders were analyzed. Frequency of flushing response varied from 9.0% to 66.7%, and was more often apparent among females. Only the Nanaian demonstrated typical flushing, which did not allow them to consume high doses of alcohol. In the rest of the populations flushing was "atypical," i.e., appearing sometimes after high doses of alcohol but not interrupting alcohol drinking, and not associated with a positive EPT. Direct genotyping in DNA samples of Chukotka Natives did not reveal atypical allele aldehyde dehydrogenase (AIDH 2/2). Frequencies of alcohol problems, alcohol dependence symptoms, and somatic disorders (arterial hypertension, silent ischemia, diffuse liver lesions, and noncalculous cholecystitis) were higher among atypical flushers compared to nonflushers (p < 0.05-0.01). The mechanism of the observed atypical flushing response is unknown. We speculate on its hereditary nature, since flushing alcoholics, compared to nonflushers, reported that their parents had flushing responses significantly more often. Further studies are required.
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PMID:Flushing response and its role in alcohol disease in Siberian populations. 1009 24

Up to present time there is no common view on the role of diverticuli of the papillar region of the duodenum (DPRD) in development of the strictures of terminal parts of the common bile duct and major pancreatic duct. The main method for the diagnosis of DPRD is fibroduodenoscopy (FDS). Relaxational FDS is the most informative method for detailed examination of diverticulum and for assessment of its interrelations with longitudinal crease and the major duodenal papilla (MDP). During the last 2 years all patients with DPRD underwent ERCPG, which helped to obtain more complete information of the presence and the character of the strictures of terminal parts of the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct. DPR has been revealed in 5% of patients with calculous cholecystitis and in 9.5% of patients with choledocholithiasis. Of the patients, admitted to the Institute for postcholecystectomy syndrome from 1994 to 1999, DPRD were revealed in 30% of cases. The patients with DPR and chronic pancreatitis of nonalcoholic and nonlithogenic etiology, made up 9% of all patients with DPR and chronic pancreatitis. In 87 patients with DPR, suffering from various surgical diseases, following changes of bile and pancreatic ducts were revealed: choledocholithiasis (47%), stenosis of the large bile duct (15%), strictures of terminal parts of the large bile duct and major pancreatic duct (10%). There is evidence, that para- and peripapillary diverticuli deteriorate evacuatory function of the bile and pancreatic tracts due to compression of terminal parts of the choledochus and the pancreatic ducts with strictures formation, which promote disturbances of the bile and pancreatic juice passage. Biliary stasis and pancreatic juice passage disturbances create favorable conditions for lithogenesis and promote development of cholangitis, mechanical jaundice and chronic pancreatitis. Patients with choledochal and major pancreatic duct strictures and stenoses of the papilla in DPR underwent EPST with favorable initial and long-term results. The authors suggest, that DPR are an important etiopathogenetic link in the development of many diseases of the organs of hepatobiliary region, associated with biliary and pancreatic hypertension.
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PMID:[Diverticuli of duodenal papillar region and their role in development of choledocholithiasis and strictures of bile and pancreatic ducts]. 1076 74


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