Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study, 24 patients aged 70 and over who were operated for primary bronchogenic carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively and their results were compared with those of 90 patients under 70, whom operated for the same intent. The mean age and age range of the group were 74.6 +/- 3.3 and 70-86, respectively, and it consisted of 21 male and three female patients. The histology of the tumor revealed epidermoid carcinoma in 16 (67%) patients, adenocarcinoma in 6 (25%), and large cell carcinoma in 2 (8%). Twelve of the elderly patients had associated diseases (six had coronary artery disease and/or hypertension, four had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and two had diabetes) that increased the operative risk. The resection type used most frequently was lobectomy (67%), followed by limited resection (25%). In postoperative staging, nine patients were found to have stage I disease, nine stage II disease, four stage IIIA disease and two stage IIIB disease. Three (13%) patients developed major complications, and postoperative mortality rate within 30 days was 4% with one patient. In the patients aged under 70, the last two variables were noted in 10 (%11) cases and in 1 (%1) case respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. As a result, with appropriate patient selection and vigorous postoperative care, morbidity and mortality of the pulmonary resections in elderly is not higher than in young patients, and a curative resection should be preferred.
 ...
PMID:[Results of surgical treatment for lung cancer in advanced age]. 1514 2

Non-small cell lung cancer with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is rare. A case of squamous bronchogenic carcinoma with SIADH is reported. A 64-year-old man was admitted with 2 cm nodule of the left lung on chest radiography. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the squamous cell carcinoma. His past history included hypertension and hemiparesis due to brain infarction. Serum sodium level was low (122 mEq/l) and serum osmolarity was low (271 mOsm/kgH2O). However, urine sodium level was high (82 mEg/l) and urine osmolarity was high (461 mOsm/kgH2O). Renal and adrenal function was normal. He was diagnosed with cT1N0M0 squamous bronchogenic carcinoma accompanied by SIADH. He underwent left upper lobectomy with lymph node dissection. Five months after the operation, serum sodium level returned to normal. He remains well 20 months after the operation.
 ...
PMID:[Squamous cell bronchogenic carcinoma with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone]. 1536 68

To evaluate the tolerance and the outcome of radical surgery in the management of elderly patients with uterine cervical cancer in Korea, seventy-seven patients with stage Ib or IIa squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, diagnosed at Seoul National University Hospital from January 1996 to June 2003, were retrospectively reviewed. Sixty-six patients undergoing radical surgery were divided into two groups according to their age: 41-50 years (group A; n = 43) and 65 years or older (group B; n = 23). Statistical analysis was conducted by using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact t test. Although group B consists of more stage IIa cases than group A (27.9 vs. 52.2%), the difference in the stage between both groups was statistically insignificant. Medical comorbidities in group B were higher than group A, primarily due to hypertension (23.3 vs. 56.5%, p = 0.014). Mean operation time, mean blood loss, perioperative transfusion, frequency of intraoperative injuries, duration of hospital stay, and postoperative complications were similar except 1 case of operation-related mortality in group B. The pathologist's report indicated a positive resection margin of the vagina in 6 cases of group B but none in group A. The difference in parametrial involvement, lymph node involvement, lymphovascular space invasion, deep cervical wall involvement and larger tumor with a diameter >4 cm was not significant. The number of patients who received adjuvant therapy was significantly higher in group B than group A (23.3 vs. 65.2%, p = 0.001). The recurrence rate, however, was not different. Our study suggests that radical surgery in the management of elderly patients with stage Ib or IIa uterine cervical cancer is reasonably feasible. Chronological age alone should not be considered a contraindication to radical hysterectomy.
 ...
PMID:Feasibility of radical surgery in the management of elderly patients with uterine cervical cancer in Korea. 1567 71

In a hamster model of N-methyl-N-benzylnitrosamine (MBN)-induced oral carcinogenesis, the incidence of buccal pouch (HBP) carcinomas in MBN-treated hamsters (17.8+/-7.5) was significantly higher than MBN-treated hamsters given tea (10.8+/-3.9) (P<0.05). Amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression was also significantly increased in MBN-induced HBP carcinomas but was significantly reduced by tea intake (P<0.0001). Furthermore, APP expression and secretion by OECM-1 oral squamous cell carcinoma cells was inhibited by a major polyphenolic ingredient of green tea, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, APP might promote oral carcinogenesis, whereas green tea ingredients might diminish it by down-regulating APP.
 ...
PMID:The repressive effect of green tea ingredients on amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression in oral carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. 1645 26

This report describes a malignant neoplasia of the pineal region in a 65-year-old woman who presented with symptoms of intracranial hypertension and dissemination to CSF with radiologically documented lumbar intradural localizations. The histological examination of the lesion showed fragments of a cystic malignant neoplasia with epithelial elements resembling squamous cell carcinoma. We excluded the possibility of a cerebral metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma arising in the genital or gastrointestinal tract, lung and skin. We propose this unique report for cyto- histological correlation and, as suggested in the American and Japanese literature, we discuss the hypothesis of the development of a squamous cell carcinoma arising from the malignant degeneration of a cerebral epidermoid cyst and we show by cytological examination of the CSF the exceptional presence of malignant cells and by lumbar MRI their intradural localizations.
 ...
PMID:Malignant epidermoid cyst of the pineal region with lumbar metastasis. 1802 78

Arsenicosis is a multisystem disorder, with virtually no system spared from its vicious claw; though its predominant manifestations are linked to cutaneous involvement. Cutaneous effects take the form of pigmentary changes, hyperkeratosis, and skin cancers (Bowen's disease, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell epithelioma). Peripheral vascular disease (blackfoot disease), hypertension, ischemic heart disease, noncirrhotic portal hypertension, hepatomegaly, peripheral neuropathy, respiratory and renal involvement, bad obstetrical outcome, hematological disturbances, and diabetes mellitus are among the other clinical features linked to arsenic toxicity. The effects are mediated principally by the trivalent form of arsenic (arsenite), which by its ability to bind with sulfhydryl groups present in various essential compounds leads to inactivation and derangement of body function. Though the toxicities are mostly linked to the trivalent state, arsenic is consumed mainly in its pentavalent form (arsenate), and reduction of arsenate to arsenite is mediated through glutathione. Body attempts to detoxify the agent via repeated oxidative methylation and reduction reaction, leading to the generation of methylated metabolites, which are excreted in the urine. Understandably the detoxification/bio-inactivation process is not a complete defense against the vicious metalloid, and it can cause chromosomal aberration, impairment of DNA repair process, alteration in the activity of tumor suppressor gene, etc., leading to genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Arsenic causes apoptosis via free radical generation, and the cutaneous toxicity is linked to its effect on various cytokines (e.g., IL-8, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF), growth factors, and transcription factors. Increased expression of cytokeratins, keratin-16 (marker for hyperproliferation) and keratin-8 and -18 (marker for less differentiated epithelial cells), can be related to the histopathological findings of hyperkeratosis and dysplastic cells in the arsenicosis skin lesion.
 ...
PMID:Pathogenesis, clinical features and pathology of chronic arsenicosis. 1917 78

Inhibition of specific processes essential for tumour vascular development is one of the key strategies for the treatment of non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Many agents target the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pathway, either by preventing VEGF receptor binding or inhibiting VEGF receptor signalling in endothelial cells. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody specific for VEGF-A. Combination of bevacizumab with standard first-line chemotherapy in NSCLC leads to an improvement in response rates and progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy alone and a significant survival advantage with carboplatin- paclitaxel chemotherapy. Toxicity issues are of concern with the possible occurrence of hypertension and an increased risk of arterial thrombo-embolism. The occurrence of fatal pulmonary haemorrhage after necrosis of the primary tumour is a specific toxicity in NSCLC which requires appropriate selection of patients before treatment; excluding squamous cell carcinoma, haemorrhagic tumours and tumour invasion of major blood vessels. The use of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy represent a first step in the development of antiangiogenic treatments in NSCLC, with the future possibility of using it in earlier stages of disease.
 ...
PMID:[Bevacizumab and non-small cell lung cancer: a new step?]. 1931 8

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a common malignancy worldwide, is an important contributor to the overall international cancer burden. Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in the HBP reiterate many of the features observed in human OSCCs. The major risk factors associated with human oral cancer such as tobacco, betel quid and alcohol promote HBP carcinogenesis. SCCs induced by DMBA in the cheek pouch of Syrian hamsters are morphologically and histologically similar to human OSCC. Like human oral carcinogenesis, HBP carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves sequential progression from hyperplasia to invasive carcinoma through varying degrees of dysplasia. In addition, HBP tumours express several biochemical and molecular markers that are also expressed in human OSCC. Multiple signaling pathways are dysfunctional in both human and hamster OSCCs. In particular, cell proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis are intricately interlinked in malignant transformation of the HBP mucosa by DMBA. The HBP carcinogenesis model is the best-known animal system for intervention by chemopreventive agents because of easy accessibility for examination, and follow-up of lesions. A number of synthetic and natural products have been documented to exhibit chemopreventive efficacy in the HBP model. Chemoprevention studies in the HBP model can serve as a crucial link in the potential efficacy assessment of candidate agents for oral cancer prevention and therapy.
 ...
PMID:Of humans and hamsters: the hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis model as a paradigm for oral oncogenesis and chemoprevention. 1953 66

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent malignant neoplasia of the oral cavity, which largely compromises the patient's life quality. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers for this kind of cancer is essential to provide a better diagnosis and prognosis for patients. Endothelin-1 is a peptide produced mainly by endothelial cells, and might be found in several body fluids, such as saliva, milk, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. It has been demonstrated that expression of this peptide is increased in a great number of neoplasias, including oral carcinoma. The identification of salivary biomarkers would be a useful tool for scanning and monitoring patients with risk of developing OSCC, as well to early detect recurrence, or the formation of a new primary tumor. In the present study, we have analyzed the levels of endothelin-1 in saliva obtained from patients with OSCC or oral leukoplakia, in comparison to healthy control patients. This study also evaluated the salivary ET-1 levels in patients with complete remission of OSCC. The results revealed no statistical difference in salivary endothelin-1 levels, neither in OSCC nor in oral leukoplakia, even when conditions such as elderly, sex and hypertension were taken into consideration. Although, ET-1 might display an important role in OSCC, its levels in saliva do not seem to be a good marker of neoplasias grade or malignant transformation.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of salivary endothelin-1 levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia. 2072 73

This review considers the 250+ papers concerning the association of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs1799752) and various disease conditions published in 2009. The deletion allele occurs in approximately 55% of the population and is associated with increased activity of the ACE enzyme. It might be predicted that the D allele, therefore, might be associated with pathologies involving increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system. The D allele was seen to be associated with an increased risk of hypertension, pre-eclampsia, heart failure, cerebral infarct, diabetic nephropathy, encephalopathy, asthma, severe hypoglycaemia in diabetes, gastric cancer (in Caucasians) and poor prognosis following kidney transplant. On the positive side, the D allele appears to offer protection against schizophrenia and chronic periodontitis and confers greater up-per-body strength in old age. The I allele, meanwhile, offers improved endurance/athletic performance and aerobic capacity as determined by lung function tests, although it does increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma and obstructive sleep apnoea in hypertensives.
 ...
PMID:Implications of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in health and disease: a snapshot review. 2153 87


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>