Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sonograms of 26 patients (19 adults and seven children) with pathologically proven diagnoses of primary adrenocortical carcinoma were evaluated. Clinical corroboration was obtained in all cases. The size of the lesions ranged from 3 to 22 cm. The five smaller lesions (3-6 cm) showed a homogeneous echo pattern, similar to renal cortical echogenicity. The 21 larger lesions varied in echo texture, having a heterogeneous appearance with focal or scattered echopenic or echogenic zones representing areas of tumor necrosis, hemorrhage, and/or, rarely (19%), calcification. Even the largest lesions were fairly well delineated, often with a lobulated border. Few (7/26 or 27%) showed a surrounding echogenic thin capsulelike rim. All five small lesions showed clinical evidence of endocrine activity. Larger lesions were hormonally active less often (9/21 or 43%). Twelve patients (46%) showed no sign of endocrine activity and presented with symptoms such as fever, weight loss, abdominal discomfort, abdominal mass, hematuria, and hypertension. In the pediatric and adolescent age group (0-16 years), all tumors were hormonally active, while only seven (37%) of tumors in the adult population (17-69 years) were hormonally active. Unfortunately no echo pattern was characteristic enough to allow differentiation of adrenal adenoma from carcinoma. Smaller lesions are more likely to be benign, and larger lesions with areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and calcification are more likely to be malignant.
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PMID:Primary adrenocortical carcinoma: sonographic evaluation with clinical and pathologic correlation in 26 patients. 355 25

Angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) or carboquone (CQ), and a modification of the therapy through combination with a cardiotonic, such as aminophylline (AP) and trans-pi-oxocamphor (pi OC), were compared with regard to therapeutic efficacy on an established mouse mammary carcinoma grown s.c. in syngeneic mice. The hypertension chemotherapy proved to be more effective than conventional administration with the anticancer drug alone. On the other hand, a remarkable improvement in antitumor effect without any increase in the general toxicity was more apparent in the modified hypertension chemotherapy than in angiotensin II hypertension chemotherapy. The combination therapy using DDP, AP or pi OC, but not AT-II, did not produce any increase in antitumor effect as compared to conventional administration with anticancer drug alone. The cytotoxicity of DDP against cultured HeLa cells was not enhanced by co-administration with AT-II, AP and/or pi OC. Thus, the increase in the therapeutic efficacy obtained by the modified hypertension chemotherapy may be attributable to the specific augmentation in delivery of the anticancer drug to the tumor tissue, but not to any specific enhancement in the cytotoxicity of the anticancer drug against to the tumor cells.
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PMID:[Improvement of cancer therapy by angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy]. 356 98

On the basis of the functional characteristics of microcirculation in tumor tissue, the clinical results of angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy (IHC) have been reported. The present paper deals with the results of measurement of blood flow in human tumors transplanted into athymic rodents using the electrolytic hydrogen clearance method. When the mean arterial blood pressure was elevated to 140-150 mmHg by the continuous infusion of angiotensin II, the increase of blood flow was 30.4 +/- 4.7 ml/min/100g in H-111 human gastric carcinoma (the mean increase rate being 14.4 times that in the normotensive state), 15.6 +/- 2.6(X 3.0) in NS-8 gastric carcinoma and 11.0 +/- 2.9 (X 2.9) in TE-8 esophageal carcinoma, respectively. These results confirmed that blood flow remarkably increased not only in animal tumors but also in human tumors under the induced hypertension caused by angiotensin II. On dynamic CT under hypertension, enhancement of the delivery of contrast medium to the tumor area was also shown clinically, according to the increase in CT numbers in the same ROIs in a normotensive state.
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PMID:[Increase of blood flow in human tumor tissue under angiotensin II-induced hypertension]. 356 99

The metabolic manifestations and operative findings in 10 patients with a diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma were analyzed to determine whether they differ from those in patients with parathyroid adenomas and similar degrees of hypercalcemia. Two groups of patients with parathyroid adenomas were used for comparison. Group A consisted of eight patients with "atypical" benign adenomas (mean preoperative level of serum calcium: 13.4 mg/dl); group B consisted of 13 patients with benign typical adenomas--all with preoperative serum calcium levels greater than or equal to 13.0 mg/dl (mean: 14.2 mg/dl). The patients with carcinoma (mean preoperative level of serum calcium: 15.3 mg/dl) had a frequency of osteoporosis and osteitis fibrosa cystica (50%) comparable with that of group A (33%) and group B (62%). Seventy percent of the patients with carcinoma had renal disease (nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, or impaired renal function), whereas only 38% of group A and 15% of group B had similar disorders. The patients with carcinomas had the highest frequency of combined bone and renal disease (50% versus 14% in group A and 15% in group B). Anemia, peptic ulcer disease, and hypertension occurred with similar frequencies in the three groups. Three patients with recurrent parathyroid carcinoma died of profound hypercalcemia, renal failure, or cardiac arrhythmia. In general, although patients with parathyroid carcinomas have more profound metabolic abnormalities than do patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, the metabolic manifestations in patients with parathyroid carcinoma are comparable with those in patients with parathyroid adenomas and profound hypercalcemia. Furthermore atypical adenomas share many anatomic and histopathologic features with parathyroid carcinomas, and distinguishing between the two is sometimes possible only in cases of tumor recurrence.
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PMID:Parathyroid carcinoma versus parathyroid adenoma in patients with profound hypercalcemia. 358 61

A principle objective in chemotherapy is the development of modalities capable of selectively destroying malignant cells while sparing normal tissues. One new approach to selective photochemotherapy, antibody-targeted photolysis (ATPL) uses photosensitizers (PS) coupled to monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) which bind to cell surface antigens on malignant cells. Selective destruction of human T leukemia cells (HBP-ALL) was accomplished by coupling the efficient PS chlorin e(6) to an anti-T cell MAb using dextran carriers. Conjugates with chlorin: MAb ratios of 30:1 retained > 85% MA b binding activity, and had a quantum yield for singlet oxygen production of 0.7 +/- 0.1, the same as that of free chlorin e(6). Cell killing was dependent on the doses of both MAb-PS and 630-670 nm light and occurred only in target cell populations which bound the MAb. On the order of 10(10) singlet oxygen molecules were necessary to kill a cell. A second approach to specific photochemotherapy, selective carcinoma cell photolysis (SCCP), relies on preferential accumulation of certain cationic PS by carcinoma cell mitochondria. We have evaluated several classes of cationic dyes, and in the case of N,N'-bis-(2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane)-kryptocyanine (EDKC) and some of its analogs, have demonstrated highly selective killing of human squamous cell, bladder and colon carcinoma cells in vitro. In isolated mitochondria, EDKC uptake and fluorescence depended on membrane potential, and the dye specifically photosensitized damage to Complex I in the electron transport chain. N,N'-bis-(2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane)-kryptocyanine and some of its analogs accumulated within subcutaneous xenografts of human tumors in nude mice with tumor:skin ratios > 8. Photoirradiation caused significant inhibition of tumor growth, without cutaneous phototoxicity.
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PMID:Strategies for selective cancer photochemotherapy: antibody-targeted and selective carcinoma cell photolysis. 361 36

The prevalence of radiation injuries was assessed in 155 of 206 surviving patients who had had radiation therapy for carcinoma of the uterus or vagina. The patients were examined according to a standardized protocol. 51 (32.9%) exhibited endoscopic proctitis, and in 10 of them sigmoid colon was also affected. The prevalence of colitis was 31 of 66 (47%) in patients treated for carcinoma of cervix and 19 of 86 (47%) in those treated for carcinoma of corpus. 41 (80.4%) had clinical symptoms (bleeding and diarrhea in 53% each). The mean time lag between radiation therapy and beginning of symptoms was 9 months. Histology was positive in only 24 (47.1%) of 51 endoscopically documented cases of proctocolitis. There was no increase in the prevalence of radiation injury after previous surgery of any kind. Nor was higher risk found in patients with hypertension, diabetes, or congestive heart failure. However, patients with low body mass were at increased risk (p less than 0.01). There was a dose-response relationship between total dose and endoscopic proctitis (p less than 0.001). The incidence was 0% below 40 Gy, 20% at 60 Gy and 50% at 90 Gy.
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PMID:[Radiation proctocolitis following gynecologic radiotherapy: an endoscopic study]. 365 78

It has been found in experiments using rats that there is a lack of autoregulation of blood flow in tumor vessels and a selective increase of blood flow under angiotensin II-induced hypertension when the arterial blood pressure dose not exceed 150 mmHg, while there is no increase in normal tissues (Suzuki et al., JNCI:1981). On the basis of the functional difference of microcirculation, IHC has been developed clinically since 1978. In the procedure of treatment, the mean blood pressure of the patients was maintained at 140-150 mmHg when anti-cancer drugs were administered along with the continuous intravenous infusion of angiotensin II. In a randomized controlled study on gastric carcinoma treated with an AFM regimen, the response rate was 42.5% (8/21) in IHC vs. 10.5% (2/19) in non-IHC (p less than 0.05). The "initial response time" (15.5 vs. 28.8 days) and the "effective tumor reduction time" (36.7 vs. 57.5 days) were significantly shorter (p less than 0.01) in the IHC group. Frequency and grade of side effects were not different statistically. In an open trial, the overall response rate was 39.6% (54/134) and each response was closely related to the difference of drug sensitivity of tumor types. For example, it was 90.0% (9/10) in cancers of the head & neck, 66.7% (4/6) in the breast, 42.8% (12/28) in the stomach, 46.2% (6/13) in the pancreas, 23.1% (3/13) in the colon and 23.8% (5/21) in the lung. The effect on metastatic lymphnodes was 79.4% (27/34), which was higher than that of primary (48.1% : 26/54) and other organ metastases (34.6% : 18/52). Finally, this paper dealt with the problem of clinical evaluation of tumor lesions with a lot of fibrous granulation tissue and coagulative necrosis, and of the investigation of differential imaging.
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PMID:[Clinical study on angiotensin-induced hypertension chemotherapy (IHC)]. 372 61

Urines from patients with hypertension and elevated aldosterone levels, i.e. primary aldosteronism due to adrenal adenoma or hyperplasia or carcinoma were extracted, paper chromatographed and thereafter chromatographed repeatedly with normal phase and repeatedly with reversed phase HPLC systems in an attempt to find new metabolites of aldosterone. Specific 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 beta-tetrahydroaldosterone antiserum was used in a radioimmunoassay system to detect possible aldosterone metabolites in the HPLC fractions after each isolation step. The immunoactive HPLC fractions were derivatized and analysed by GC-MS. A relatively nonpolar compound, 11 beta:18(S),18:20 alpha-diepoxy-5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha-ol, was isolated and identified in this manner. This material was originally described by Kelly et al., in 1962 after loading human subjects with huge amounts (25-160 mg) of exogenous aldosterone. This material has not yet been described from endogenously produced aldosterone. Very small amounts, if any, were similarly isolated from the urine of a control subject. Therefore, this compound could prove to be a new marker for hypertension due to hyper-production of aldosterone.
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PMID:HPLC isolation and GC-MS characterization of a compound strongly cross reacting with tetrahydroaldosterone antiserum. 374 16

The authors evaluated the diagnostic effectiveness of a triple specimen technique (cyto-histologic) performed by the Perma device. The incidence of endometrial hyperplasia (according to Dallenbach-Hellweg's classification) was estimated in 254 climacteric women selected from outpatients who come spontaneously to the Menopause Clinic of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department (Bologna University). The selection criterion was the evidence of risk factors for endometrial carcinoma, climacteric bleedings (obesity, late menopause, high blood pressure, diabetes), or endometriotropic estrogen therapy in the postmenopause. Results showed that the cyto-histologic sampling is most useful for diagnosing endometrial hyperplasia and early carcinoma (diagnostic effectiveness: 89.0-93.8%). Also, endometrial hyperplasia was found to have a significant incidence in the group we examined. This incidence was highest in women with climacteric bleedings, secondly in women using high-dose estrogens, and thirdly in women with risk factors for endometrial carcinoma. When evaluating the different kinds of endometrial hyperplasia, we never found adenomatous hyperplasia in women on estrogen therapy. Affinity between histologic and cytologic classes was around 50% in endometrial hyperplasia and 100% in early carcinoma. This emphasizes that both samplings are needed to perform an accurate diagnosis.
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PMID:Cyto-histologic evaluation of the endometrium in climacteric women at risk for endometrial carcinoma. 376 24

One hundred and forty-five patients with confirmed endometrial carcinoma treated at Kumamoto University Hospital were studied from the clinicopathological point of view. As risk factors, the incidence of high age, postmenopause, atypical genital bleeding, sterility, nulliparity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity was showed to be high. These factors may be expected to assist in screening for early diagnosis by using each factor or combination of factors. As prognostic factors, we examined the relationship between stage, depth of myometrial invasion, histological grade, histological type and survival rate. The stage was shown to be a most important predicator of survival. The depth of myometrial invasion and the histological grade closely correlated with the stage. The relationship between the histological subtype, especially papillary serous carcinoma (PSC) and prognosis, was investigated in our series of studies. PSC found in an incidence of 9.4% had a relatively poor prognosis compared with endometrioid carcinoma. Its 5-year survival rate was only 30%. Because PSC has a potential for aggressive invasion and rapid metastasis as compared to endometrioid carcinoma, careful histological examination and aggressive treatment are warranted.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of 145 cases of endometrial carcinoma--analysis of prognostic factors, especially pathological types]. 377 1


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