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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Studies covered incidence of coronary heart disease, its risk factors and features of constitutional types among Kouzbass coal miners suffering from anthracosilicosis and chronic dust bronchitis. Findings are reliably higher incidence of coronary heart disease among coal miners having lung diseases caused by dust. Coronary heart disease among the miners with anthracosilicosis is favored by arterial hypertension, overweight and hypersthenic constitutional type, that among those with dust bronchitis is favored only by overweight.
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PMID:[Coronary heart disease, its risk factors and somatic types in coal miners having chronic dust-related diseases of lungs]. 1247 81

Safety, tolerability and antihypertensive efficacy of a cardioselective beta-blocker nebivolol was studied in 30 patients with mild and moderate hypertension and concomitant stage I chronic obstructive bronchitis. Nebivolol (5 mg/day) was given for 1 month; in 5 patients complementary hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/day) was required for sufficient antihypertensive effect. Nebivolol was well tolerated (only 1 patient complained of head ache), did not cause worsening of bronchitis and spirometric parameters, exerted no cardiodepressive action, and did not induce apparent disturbances of metabolism.
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PMID:[Assessment of safety and antihypertensive efficacy of a cardioselective beta-blocker nebivolol in patients with hypertension and concomitant chronic obstructive bronchitis]. 1249 34

The widely accepted notion that certain individuals are more susceptible to air pollutants than others has been revitalized by recent epidemiology that strongly suggests that the elderly, particularly those with underlying cardiopulmonary diseases (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), infection), and children with asthma are more susceptible to the adverse outcomes associated with ambient particulate matter (PM). Pulmonary toxicologists have adopted 'susceptibility' as an issue that can be approached experimentally and have begun to develop as well as study more relevant animal models. These models may have specific genetic traits or cardiopulmonary impairments analogous to human diseases. The goal is to identify potential susceptibility characteristics and elucidate whether responsiveness is due to impair compensation or some unique mechanisms. Several rodent models have been used with PM: pulmonary vasculitis, bronchitis, COPD, allergic asthma, infectious lung diseases, systemic hypertension, and congestive heart disease. Transgenic and knockout mice are of growing interest but have seen limited use in air pollutants studies, with primary interest being directed to specific mechanistic questions. No model should be used without careful consideration of its strengths and limitations. However, when interpreted in the context of field and epidemiology findings, they may reveal generic susceptibility attributes or useful biomarkers.
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PMID:Toxic responses of the lung to inhaled pollutants: benefits and limitations of lung-disease models. 1267 66

Nineteen patients with chronic obstructive disease of the lungs and 15 patients with chronic non-obstructive bronchitis of the dust etiology were examined for the purpose of investigating the rheological blood properties and of their interrelation with pulmonary hypertension. The hemorheological properties were evaluated by spontaneous aggregation of erythrocytes and thrombocytes. The control group comprised 8 healthy subjects. The results denoted that the rheological blood properties are to a great extent impaired in patients with dust bronchitis. The rheological blood properties worsened as hypertension of the small blood-circulation circle was increasing; it preceded the development of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive disease of the lungs. The aggregation changes appear to be primarily related with the functional state of thrombocytes in patients with chronic non-obstructive bronchitis; a concurrently higher aggregation of thrombocytes and erythrocytes was observed in patients with chronic obstructive disease of the lungs. The obtained data can be useful for designing a medicamental correction scheme of rheological impairments as a trend within the treatment of affected hemodynamics in the small blood-circulation circle in patients with duct bronchitis.
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PMID:[Blood rheological properties and their interrelation with pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic dust bronchitis]. 1546 Sep 97

Alcohol as a semi-luxury item is socially accepted in our society and its usage constitutes a normative behaviour. The transition from consumption to abuse is often rapid. Results supply evidence for widely spread alcohol addictions in Germany. The following paper examines the consumption and the abuse of alcohol using the data from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adulthood (ILSE). The findings of a questionnaire investigating diet and medical examination data [interview data referring to alcohol consumption and laboratory findings concerning Gamma-Glutamyl-Transferase levels (Gamma-GT-levels)] based on two cohorts (years of birth 1930-1932 and 1950-1952) from centres of investigation in Heidelberg and Leipzig are adopted in this study. The centre comparison indicates higher alcohol consumption in the Leipziger study participants. The findings register less alcohol usage at the second measurement point, where as the Gamma-GT-levels rise and a greater endangering of health can, therefore, be noted. Besides alcohol, cigarettes are a widely accepted everyday drug in Germany. The health risks are enormous (e. g. high blood pressure, bronchitis and lung cancer). The smoking habits of the two cohorts will be described at two measurement points concerning participants from Heidelberg and Leipzig. The cohort comparison demonstrates a significant disadvantage of the younger women, although, as for as, the men are concerned no clear difference can be found.
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PMID:[Substance abuse in middle and old age-everyday drug alcohol and nicotine: use and abuse]. 1575 87

Studies covered structural and functional state of cardiovascular system in patients with chronic dust bronchitis associated with arterial hypertension. Echocardiographic data helped to specify peculiarities for patients with chronic dust bronchitis associated with arterial hypertension in accordance with respiratory failure grade.
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PMID:[Structural and functional cardiac changes in patients with chronic dust bronchitis associated with arterial hypertension]. 1681 1

Syncope is a transient, self-limiting loss of consciousness usually leading to a fall. The onset of syncope is relatively rapid and the subsequent recovery is spontaneous, complete and usually prompt. As syncope is a symptom, the aim of the diagnostic work-up is to assess whether there is a syncope or another "nonsyncopal" condition, whether there are clinical features suggesting the diagnosis, whether the patient has an increased risk for mortality or recurrent episodes, and whether the patient must be admitted to hospital. The diagnostic work-up is given for two cases: a 68-year-old male with insulin-dependent diabetes experienced his first syncope after lunch. The clinical judgment suggested a neurocardiogenic syncope. The initial evaluation consisting of history, physical examination and twelve-lead ECG evidenced that the patient received several drugs for arterial hypertension so that an orthostatic hypotension had to be ruled out. The twelve-lead ECG showed a left bundle branch block suggesting an arrhythmic syncope and the need for additional diagnostics: an echocardiography mainly to assess the left ventricular function which was normal, and a 24-h long-term ECG to rule out arrhythmias which were not observed. The patient gets an explanation of his risk and the reassurance about his excellent prognosis and some preventive lifestyle modifications such as sufficient volume intake. The second case is a sick 58-year-old male with tracheal cough und aggravating breathing who had a syncope on his way to the toilette. The cause of the syncope was related to a bronchitis with high fever. The patient received a causative treatment and recovered completely.
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PMID:[Syncope]. 1718 Jun 54

Cecropia glaziovii Sneth is a common tree at the Southeastern Brazilian coast. As many other species of the genus, it shares the reputed folk use to treat heart failure, cough, asthma and bronchitis. The plant has been cultivated under controlled conditions and the 2% aqueous extract (AE) prepared with the dried leaves was standardized by its chemical contents on catechins, flavonoids and procyanidins. The present paper reports the antihypertensive activity of AE and of n-butanol fraction (BuF), an enriched semi-purified butanolic fraction used to isolate the main chemical constituents. Oral administration of AE and BuF induced hypotension in normotensive rats. The effect of AE (0.5 g/kg/bi, p.o.) was time and dose-dependent peaking at 2-3 weeks after daily administration. BuF was faster but not more active than AE. Both extracts decreased the hypertension of spontaneous hypertensive rats, the hypertension induced in rats by L-NAME treatment and that induced by constriction of one renal artery. The antihypertensive effect was maintained for as long as 60 days of treatment and was reversible upon drug washout at the same rate of its establishment. Acute i.v. administration of BuF to anesthetized rats induced a fast short-lasting hypotension and inhibited the pressor responses to noradrenaline, angiotensin I and angiotensin II by 40%. These results were indirect indications that the hypotension induced by AE is not related to ACE inhibition, increased NO synthesis, or specific blockade of alpha1 and AT1 receptors. It can be suggested that BuF interferes with the calcium handling mechanisms in smooth muscle cells and neurons. Intravenous injection of five out of nine compounds isolated from BuF produced immediate but short-lasting hypotension that does not correlate with the onset of the hypotension after oral treatment. This finding suggests that they may not be the compounds directly responsible for the delayed and sustained hypotension after per os administration of AE. The many compounds isolated from AE are under evaluation to determine its pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action and interactions necessary to yield the plant effect. Although its mechanism is still unknown, AE seems to be an effective and safe antihypertensive phytomedicine.
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PMID:Antihypertensive effect of a standardized aqueous extract of Cecropia glaziovii Sneth in rats: an in vivo approach to the hypotensive mechanism. 1744 57

Lay health care workers (promotores) interviewed 313 female members of remote Indian groups in northern Baja California, Mexico regarding: (1) common childhood and adult illnesses and endorsement of 'traditional' and modern therapies; (2) illness causation beliefs and knowledge of biomedical principles; and (3) the relation of ethnic identity with concepts of effective biomedical and non-biomedical therapy. The most common illnesses/symptoms reported in adults were diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, cold/flu, diarrhoea, low/variable blood pressure and arthritis; and in children, cold/flu, diarrhoea, bronchitis, cough, fever, empacho and dehydration. Of 285 informants, more reported at least one childhood disorder than who reported at least one adult disorder was most helped by traditional therapy [83 (29.1%) versus 44 (15.4%); P<0.0001] and both therapies [81 (28.4%) versus 42 (14.7%); P<0.001]. They reported eight naturalistic and two personalistic illness causes and manifested variable biomedical knowledge. Indian or mixed Indian/Mexican ethnic self-identity predominated, and Indian identity was unrelated to endorsement of traditional therapy. The 'biocultural synthesis' is a useful theoretical framework for viewing the findings. The Indians' pluralistic concepts have important implications for public health care workers and biomedical practitioners.
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PMID:Northern Baja California Indian women's concepts of illness and healing: Implications for public health and clinical practitioners. 1985 51

The estimation of structural-functional state of right and left heart before and after loading test at patients suffered from chronic mechanic bronchitis in combination with ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension is carried out using an echocardiography method. It is revealed that the combination of chronic mechanic bronchitis, ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension results in remodelling both ventricles and hastens chronic pulmonary heart development.
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PMID:[Structural and functional changes in myocardium at rest and under exertional test in dust bronchitis patients having coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension]. 2009 15


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