Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were obtained from hybridoma clones established by cell fusion between P3X63Ag8.653 mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells of mice or rats hyperimmunized against human bladder cancer tissue or BC47 rat bladder cancer cells. RBS-31 and RBS-85 mouse MAbs and RBA-1 rat MAb were raised against BC47 cells and HBP-1 MAb was raised against human bladder cancer tissues. Urinary antigens detected by these MAbs were quantitatively assayed by means of ELISA using 50 microliters of 1:2 diluted urine samples. The cut-off value of the assay was set up as the mean + 4 X SD of the mean using data from the healthy individual urine samples. The reactivity of all healthy control urine samples were under the cut-off value (negative). By contrast, urine from bladder cancer patients reacted positively with the RBS-31 MAb at 72%, with the RBS-85 MAb at 63%, with the RBA-1 MAb at 51% and with the HBP-1 MAb at 35%. The urine samples from some patients with renal calculi, acute cystitis or complicated urinary tract infections showed only a weak reactivity with our MAbs. As for extra-bladder cancers, some patients with renal, renal pelvis, prostate or ureter cancer, but no patients with esophageal, gastric, colon or liver cancer or leukemia, had reactive urinary antigens.
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PMID:Increase in murine monoclonal-antibody-defined urinary antigens in patients with bladder cancer and benign urogenital disease. 267 68

We described the efficacy of "two-route chemotherapy (TRC)", in which the anticancer drug, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), is injected locally, in combination with its antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS), given systemically. First, we tested the protective effect of sulfur-containing compounds against DDP toxicity, and found STS to be the most potent antidote of DDP. On the basis of this finding, we developed TRC using DDP and STS, and applied it for liver and lung metastasis, bladder cancer, and peritoneal disseminated tumors in experimental animals, resulting in remarkable antitumor effects without serious side effects, especially nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, we obtained an optimal increase in the lifespan of rats bearing limb tumors when we tried TRC in combination with the angiotensin II (AT-II)-induced hypertension method. We also clarified that the protection of STS against DDP toxicity was mainly due to the diminution of the active platinum level in blood. We briefly reviewed the clinical trials of TRC, and discussed the improvements which still have to be made.
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PMID:[Two-route chemotherapy using the anticancer drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate]. 356

Hybridomas were established from cell fusions between mouse myeloma cells and mouse or rat spleen cells immune to human and rat bladder tumors. Hybridoma supernatants were screened for their immunospecificities against human bladder tumor tissues and urine samples from bladder cancer patients. Eight monoclonal antibodies including 2 rat antibodies were selected and their diagnostic values were assessed. Four mouse monoclonal antibodies termed IMb1, IMb4, IMb9 and PMe were shown to react with 40 to 80% of human bladder tumor tissues examined in this investigation. No relationship was found between the antigen expression and clinical stage of the disease. Four other antibodies termed S31, S85, HBP-1 and RBM-1 reacted with antigens in urine from patients with bladder tumor and other types of uropathy, in contrast to their low reactivities against urine from healthy donors.
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PMID:[Analysis of bladder cancer-associated antigens and their application to diagnosis]. 360 46

This report presents the results of induced hypertension chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for 44 advanced cancer patients (involving locoregional and/or remote recurrences). The lesions were 16 breast cancers, five soft tissue sarcomas, four lung cancers, four malignant lymphomas, three uterine cancers, two tongue cancers, and one parotid gland cancer, soft palate cancer, malignant thymoma, pancreatic cancer, vaginal cancer, urinary bladder cancer and rectal cancer each. The results, ive., eight complete remissions, 20 partial remissions and 16 cases of no change, were almost satisfactory.
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PMID:[Induced hypertension chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy in 44 advanced cancer patients]. 374 62

Potential risk factors for bladder cancer were studied in a series of 76 male and 76 female bladder cancer cases and 238 male and 254 female controls who reported never having smoked. Risk factors included usual occupation, smoking by the spouse, sidestream smoke exposure at home and at work and in transportation, coffee drinking (caffeinated and decaffeinated), artificial sweetener use, body mass index, and a history of diabetes and high blood pressure. No association was found with spouse's smoking or reported sidestream smoke exposure, coffee drinking, artificial sweetener use, or a number of other variables; however, there was some indication that several occupations were overrepresented in the cases. A positive association was found with snuff use in women, but the numbers were small (three cases and one control). Restriction of the study to lifetime nonsmokers permitted the assessment of potential risk factors in the absence of potential confounding and interactive effects of smoking. The study had adequate statistical power to detect moderately small elevated risks due to the main factors examined.
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PMID:Bladder cancer in nonsmokers. 394 69

During the past two decades, the immunosuppressive drugs azathioprine and cyclophosphamide have been widely used in the treatment of patients with lupus nephritis. Their toxicities are well known and are mostly dose- and time-dependent. Complications that arise from these therapies stem from their immunosuppressive (susceptibility for infection) or pharmacologic (hemorrhagic cystitis, bladder cancer, and fibrosis from the alkylating agents) effects, or both. Uncontrolled studies reporting good results in treating patients with various combinations of corticosteroids and azathioprine and, especially, cyclophosphamide cannot be conclusively confirmed by the few controlled clinical trials that are available for review. Part of the problem of inconclusiveness has to do with timing treatment to different phases of the disease and the vast heterogeneity of lupus nephritis. Although these immunosuppressive agents may have favorable effects on the overall activity of systemic lupus erythematosus, their long-term effects per se on renal disease are in question and could be attributed to lower prednisone dosage and better medical management of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, infection, and other metabolic consequences of the disease.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive drug therapy in lupus nephritis. 844 99

A case-control study was conducted on 303 male bladder cancer patients and controls. General population controls were chosen from 15 areas in Gunma Prefecture and were matched by age (+/- l y.o.) to the subjects. Age-adjusted and smoking-adjusted odds ratio (O.R.) and a 95% confidence interval (C.I.) were calculated for each item. Risk factors for bladder cancer in men were investigated. The O.R. tended to be significantly higher for those who had history of smoking, who smoked more per day, who had smoked longer, whose Brinkman index was higher, who began smoking younger and who inhaled deeper than it was for non-smokers. O.R.s of having a past history or complication of cystitis (age-adjusted) and benign prostatic hypertrophy (age- and smoking-adjusted) were significantly higher, but the difference was supposed to be caused by bias. There was a significantly lower age- and smoking-adjusted O.R. for bladder cancer in men who engaged in sales, whose blood type was O, who drank milk frequently, who ate grains frequently, who age vegetables frequently and who had a past history or complication of hypertension. The number of cases and controls with first degree family members who developed cancer respectively supposed to be highly related to smoking, were as follows; 16 and 8 for lung cancer, 3 and 0 for larynx cancer and 6 and 3 for bladder cancer. The following characteristics failed to show any significant difference between subjects with bladder cancer and the control group; height and weight now and 20 years ago, jobs which deal with dye, academic career, marriage, number of children, alcohol drinking and the use of hair dye or analgesics.
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PMID:[Epidemiological study of risk factors for bladder cancer]. 857 86

Snuff taking produces a white to yellowish, wrinkled lesion of the oral mucosa at the site where the quid is placed. The lesion is reversible, and only rarely exhibits dysplasia. Gingival recession and loss of attachment may occur in conjunction with the mucosal lesion. The risk of oral cancer varies greatly among the different published studies, from a relative risk of 48 to no increase in risk at all. Case control studies have found no association between oral tobacco and bladder cancer, whereas cigarette smoking carries a relative risk of about two. There appears to be no evidence for an association between oral snuff and cancer in general when the analysis takes into account confounders such as occupation, smoking and alcohol. The epidemiological evidence for an association with cardiovascular disease is contradictory. Snuff may probably cause hypertension, and one large study has reported a relative risk of 2 for dying of ischaemic heart disease. Biochemical evidence disfavors the hypothesis that snuff is atherogenic. In conclusion, the health hazards of oral moist snuff seem modest, and very much smaller than those of cigarette smoking.
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PMID:[Health hazards when using snuff]. 865 57

The years following the first laparoscopic nephrectomy in man performed in 1990 were evidencing wide spread of transabdominal laparoscopic approach in operative interventions on the kidney, adrenals, ureter, urinary bladder, in iliac lymphadenectomy for prostatic and bladder cancer, in the treatment of varicocele, etc. Since 1993 we have made 4 nephrectomies using laparoscopic approach. The first operation in a 18-year-old male with parenchymatous hypertension lasted 7 hours, the following operations took from 2 hours 47 min to 1 hour 30 min. No complications occurred. Postoperative stay in hospital was, on the average, 7.2 days. The laparoscopic approach in urology and surgical nephrology of adults and children needs detailed studies, specification of indications and contraindications prior to its introduction into wide practice.
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PMID:[Laparoscopic nephrectomy in a patient with a parenchymatous form of nephrogenic hypertension]. 867 60

Results associating diet with chronic disease in a cohort of 34192 California Seventh-day Adventists are summarized. Most Seventh-day Adventists do not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol, and there is a wide range of dietary exposures within the population. About 50% of those studied ate meat products <1 time/wk or not at all, and vegetarians consumed more tomatoes, legumes, nuts, and fruit, but less coffee, doughnuts, and eggs than did nonvegetarians. Multivariate analyses showed significant associations between beef consumption and fatal ischemic heart disease (IHD) in men [relative risk (RR) = 2.31 for subjects who ate beef > or =3 times/wk compared with vegetarians], significant protective associations between nut consumption and fatal and nonfatal IHD in both sexes (RR approximately 0.5 for subjects who ate nuts > or =5 times/wk compared with those who ate nuts <1 time/wk), and reduced risk of IHD in subjects preferring whole-grain to white bread. The lifetime risk of IHD was reduced by approximately 31% in those who consumed nuts frequently and by 37% in male vegetarians compared with nonvegetarians. Cancers of the colon and prostate were significantly more likely in nonvegetarians (RR of 1.88 and 1.54, respectively), and frequent beef consumers also had higher risk of bladder cancer. Intake of legumes was negatively associated with risk of colon cancer in nonvegetarians and risk of pancreatic cancer. Higher consumption of all fruit or dried fruit was associated with lower risks of lung, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. Cross-sectional data suggest vegetarian Seventh-day Adventists have lower risks of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and arthritis than nonvegetarians. Thus, among Seventh-day Adventists, vegetarians are healthier than nonvegetarians but this cannot be ascribed only to the absence of meat.
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PMID:Associations between diet and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality in non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists. 1047 27


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