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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The autors reports about a new case of Schwartz-Bartter's syndrome. Its first clinical manifestations are primarily the neuro-psychiatric disorder and the arterial hypertension. These manifestations were attributed to an inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormon, in relation with a bronchial neoplasm (oat-cell carcinoma). The tumor was removed surgically; shortly after the operation the biological disorders disappeared completely. But they reappeared 5 months later, indicating recurrence (local and metastatic). This recurrence started to present clinical manifestation, 2 months later. After a brief historical approach, the authors suggested the aetiology, the diagnosis circumstances and the biological criteria of Schwartz-Bartter's syndrome. Then later, the precised the main principles of its management.
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PMID:[Bronchial tumor and paraneoplastic syndrome of antiduresis: a new case of Schwartz-Bartter's syndrome (author's transl)]. 22 23

A questionnaire was mailed to 97,364 married women, aged 26--50, resident in Greater Boston in 1970, requesting information on lifetime oral contraceptive (OC) use, reproductive history, education, and hospitalization experience in 1969; 65,843 women responded. In 1973 a second questionnaire was mailed to 37,292 of these women, including all OC users and an equal number of non-users matched on age, parity, education, and town of residence. This questionnaire related to use of OCs, other female hormones, and the menopause. OC use was most strongly related to age, with a sixfold increase in use from the oldest women (of whom 10 per cent had used OCs at some time) to the youngest. Use was directly related to education and mobility and inversely related to parity. Reasons for beginning and ceasing use differed for women of different ages and educational attainment. Thus, use of OCs varies with social and reproductive characteristics that are risk indicators for many diseases. OC use was associated with increased risk of hospitalization for thromboembolic disease (risk ratio = 1.5, 95 per cent confidence limits 1.2, 3.2) and for mental illness, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, and cancer of the cervix. OC users were hospitalized for many non-life threatening conditions 20 to 40 per cent more frequently than were non-users.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive use: association with frequency of hospitalization and chronic disease risk indicators. 64 79

The proposition that lifestyle is a major determinant of community health is explored by contrasting the features of a rural subsistence community in the highlands of Papua New Guinea and the features of the community in urbanized, industrialized Australia. Reference is made to differences in physical environment, housing, work, social situation, human relationships, patterns of disease, population statistics, diet, growth, obesity, physical fitness, blood lipid concentrations, blood pressure, salt intake and the occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and signs of degenerative changes in various tissues. The Papua New Guinea community is seen as a self-reliant, self-contained, socially cohesive subsistence society whose members are well adapted to their physical and social environment, free from major degenerative cardiovascular diseases, with little overt psychiatric illness, but with a heavy burden of infectious disease, with marginal nutritional levels of degenerative disease and disease from psychological stress. It is clear that health, in its fullest sense, is not the prerogative of any one type of society.
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PMID:Lifestyle, health and disease: a comparison between Papua New Guinea and Australia. 73 10

Seventy-seven women discharged from hospital with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction and 207 control patients were investigated. All were under 45 years of age at the time of admission. Heavy cigarette smoking, reported treatment for pre-eclamptic toxaemia, and type II hyperlipoproteinaemia were found to be independent risk factors for myocardial infarction. Reported treatment for hypertension and diabetes are probably also independently associated with subsequent development of the condition, but the associations between myocardial infarction and reported treatment for obesity and psychiatric illness appear to be secondary. Previous publications have suggested that use of oral contraceptives is an independent risk factor. Examination of the effect of several factors combined, suggests that they act synergistically, the presence of three or more factors increasing the risk 128-fold.
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PMID:Risk factors for myocardial infarction in young women. 95 82

The youthful habits and family attitudes of medical students who later developed or died from one of five disease states were different from those of healthy classmate controls to begin with. In medical school, the total disorder group had significantly more nervous tension, anxiety, and anger under stress, had more insomnia, smoked more cigarettes, and took alcoholic drinks more frequently. Individual disorder group means were significantly different from each other. The mental illness group showed the most nervous tension, depression, and anger under stress and the malignant tumor group the least. The malignant tumor group resembled the healthy control group in these respects. The suicide, mental illness, and malignant tumor groups had low mean scores for closeness to parents, while the hypertension and coronary occlusion group means were slightly higher than the control group mean. Thus psychologic differences in youth have predictive potential in regard to premature disease and death.
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PMID:Precursors of premature disease and death. The predictive potential of habits and family attitudes. 98 20

To test the hypothesis that human figures drawn by young adults are potential predictors of future disease states, drawings of 204 former medical students were examined 13 to 23 years later. During the interval, the 102 subjects in the experimental group developed one of six specified disorders, while the 102 subjects in the control groups remained in good health. Drawings were classified in eight categories based primarily on the stance of the figure. Categories of drawings found to be distinctive for the various groups are: healthy control groups: the neutral or uncommitted attitude; hypertension/coronary group: the inviting or input-demanding attitude; malignant tumor group: the attitude of ambivalence or conflict; suicide/mental illness group: the self-related or withdrawal attitude; emotional disturbance group: incomplete figures, bizarre figures, action scenes. Thus the evidence suggests that the stance of the figure drawing reflects the subject's attitude toward the outside world. When the category profiles of groups are compared, the following differences are found at levels of statistical significance: the total experimental group is different from the total control group; the somatic subset, "Body Takes the Rap" is different from the psychological subset, "Psyche Takes the Rap"; and the hypertension/coronary group, malignant tumor group, and emotional disturbance group are different from their specific control groups. It is concluded that human figure drawings by this population have predictive potential for certain future disease states, and that there are psychological precursors of somatic disease.
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PMID:Human figure drawings in a prospective study of six disorders: hypertension, coronary heart disease, malignant tumor, suicide, mental illness, and emotional disturbance. 110 Jul 80

The cardiovascular effects of prolonged administration of levodopa were studied in 54 men and women with Parkinson's disease; 23 of them were younger than 70 and 31 were 70 or older. The patients were evaluated clinically before treatment was started and at regular intervals thereafter. The average optimal dosage of levodopa for both age groups was 3.0 and 2.5 gm per day, respectively, during an average treatment period of 20.7 months. Eleven patients showed hypotension (systolic BP of 105 mm Hg or less) that was not related to dosage; in only 6 did the drug have to be permanently discontinued because of syncope; 3 of this group had an associated psychiatric disorder. Four patients had pretreatment hypertension; in 3 the BP fell to normal during therapy; in the remaining patient the hypertension persisted and was successfully treated by an antihypertensive drug. In 5 patients an occasional atrial or ventricular ectopic beat was noted both before and during levodopa therapy but no therapeutic intervention was required. Thirty of the 46 patients with adequate ECG follow-up did not show any significant changes; 5 others showed an increase, and 11 a decrease in myocardial ischemia. Thus the administration of levodopa in elderly patients with or without heart disease is a relatively safe procedure. The only exception would be patients over 70 years of age with a history of previous myocardial infarction. In this group there seems to be a higher incidence of clinically significant hypotension. In such patients, levodopa therapy should be carried out with great caution.
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PMID:Cardiovascular effects of levodopa in aged versus younger patients with Parkinson's disease. 125 82

Two-hundred and fifty patients undergoing initial exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism were analyzed for differences in clinical presentation, biochemical status, pathology, and outcome of surgery. In patients less than 60 years of age (younger patients, n = 119) the most common preoperative symptoms and signs were fatigue (40.3%), bone pain (33.6%), renal stones (31.0%), hypertension (27.7%), and psychiatric illness (27.7%). In patients greater than or equal to 60 years of age (older patients, n = 131) the most frequent symptoms and signs were hypertension (46.6%), fatigue (35.1%), bone pain (30.5%), muscle weakness (28.2%), and joint pain (22.9%). Renal stones were 2.6 times more common (p less than 0.001, chi 2) in younger patients and hypertension 1.7 times more common (p less than 0.05, chi 2) in older patients. There was no significant difference in the preoperative and postoperative laboratory values typically associated with primary hyperparathyroidism. Double adenomas were more common in older (9.2%) than in younger patients (2.5%, p less than 0.05, chi 2). Surgical cure was obtained in 98.8% of patients, and after parathyroidectomy 83% of the younger and 82% of the older patients experienced substantial relief of pre-operative symptoms. Specific questioning revealed most patients to be symptomatic and older patients appear to receive the same clinical and metabolic benefits from parathyroidectomy as younger patients.
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PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism in younger and older patients: symptoms and outcome of surgery. 141 50

A multidisciplinary cross-sectional study was performed to examine the chronic neurotoxicity of organic solvents. Participating in the study were 105 persons employed as spray painters and having long-term solvent exposure (10-44 years) and a control group consisting of 58 construction workers, electricians, and plumbers without occupational contact to solvents. Samples were matched for age, preexposure intelligence level, occupation, and socioeconomic status. After controlling for potentially non occupational confounding factors (neuropsychiatric diseases, metabolic disorders, high blood pressure, alcohol intake) 83 spray painters and 42 controls were entered finally into the study. The evaluation included work history, self-rating questionnaire, neurologic investigation, psychiatric analysis using the Present State Examination (PSE), psychological testing, and computerized axial tomography (CAT) of the brain. Physical and neurologic examinations demonstrated no case of overt disorders of the central or peripheral nervous system. An important result of the psychiatric analysis was that the syndromes "special features of depression" and "loss of interest and concentration" occurred significantly more frequently among spray painters than among controls. Further analyses demonstrated an association with chronic exposure over 30 years and repeated acute neurotoxic effects during solvent exposures. Neither psychological nor performance tests demonstrated any statistically significant differences in the performance sets after adjustment according to premorbid intelligence level; this finding supports the presumption of only a low grade of mental dysfunction. Correlation analyses indicated a relationship between subjective health complaints and long-term solvent exposure; however, the effect of age cannot be completely ruled out.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Neurotoxicity of solvent mixtures in spray painters. II. Neurologic, psychiatric, psychological, and neuroradiologic findings. 148 34

A case control study of transient global amnesia (TGA), transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) and normal controls is described. Each of the 51 TGA patients, selected between January 1985 and March 1990, was compared with four controls (two TIAs and two normals) for the presence of vascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking habits, cholesterol, triglycerides and haematocrit levels, heart disease, previous stroke), previous TGA, migraine, psychiatric illness and recent head trauma. Patients with TGA had less diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia than TIA. TGA subjects had significantly more hypertension (odds ratio = 3.31) and migraine (odds ratio = 8.67) than normal controls. During a mean of 17.4 mths of follow-up (range 1-96 mths), three subjects had recurrent TGA, one sustained a TIA and a minor stroke, but none had seizures. Thrombo-embolism and epilepsy are unlikely to be the cause of this benign disorder. The role is stressed of appropriate precipitants, including haemodynamic changes, and of individual susceptibility (of which migraine is probably a marker) in the genesis of TGA.
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PMID:Transient global amnesia. A case control study. 155 58


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