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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven cases of aortitis syndrome were surgically treated with good results: Abdominal aortic aneurysm 1, atypical coarctation of aorta 2, aortic valve insufficiency 2, renovascular hypertension 2. Several attentions were paid as following: 1. Operation should be avoided during acute phase of aortitis. 2. Synthetic graft material should be avoided if possible. Autogenous vein is advisable for reconstruction of small-sized artery. 3. Surgical intervention should be performed before the loss of organ function. 4. Hematological consideration is worthwhile to prevent hypercoagulopathy due to aortitis.
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PMID:Aortitis syndrome due to Takayasu's disease. A guideline for the surgical indication. 0 15

Echocardiography was performed in 18 patients with the aortitis syndrome and in 20 age-matched normal volunteers. The aortic root dimension, the aortic dimension at the level of the sinotubular ridge, the aortic arch dimension, the left ventricular internal dimension, the left atrial dimension, the interventricular septal thickness, and the left ventricular posterior wall thickness were measured. All measurements, except for the left atrial dimension, were significantly greater in patients with aortitis syndrome than in the control subjects. We concluded (1) that the patients with the aortitis syndrome may have an enlarged or narrowed aorta, a dilated left ventricle and left atrium, and a thickened interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall; (2) that the incidence and the degree of these abnormalities depend on the presence of complications such as aortic regurgitation and arterial hypertension; and (3) that M-mode as well a cross-sectional echocardiography plays an important role in the assessment of the aorta and heart in the aortitis syndrome.
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PMID:Echocardiographic findings in patients with aortitis syndrome. 3 79

Conventional ECG, Frank system VCG and the spatial velocity ECG were recorded in 42 cases of healthy adult men, 76 cases of hypertension and 26 cases of aortic insufficiency, and were studied qualitatively as well as quantitatively in order to clarify the characteristic changes in the spatial velocity ECG in the systolic and the diastolic overloadings of the left ventricle. Spatial velocity ECG were recorded by means of the spatial velocity electrocardiograph, leading three scalar ECG of Frank system (X, Y, and Z leads) into the differentiating, the squaring, the adding and the square root circuits in orders. Computations were performed automatically according to the following formula: see journal for formula. Spatial velocity ECG and three scalar ECG of Frank system were simultaneously recorded by the four channel heatwriting oscillograph with paper speed of 100 mm per second. The forty Hz and 4 Hz of the sinusoidal waves were introduced into the circuits for the calibrations of QRS and P and T waves respectively. P waves of the spatial velocity ECG in normal subjects showed 2-peaked (5%), 3-peaked (6%), and 4-peaked (26%) patterns exhibiting 3-peaked P waves as the basic pattern in normal. The three peaked and 4-peaked patterns were observed in 33% and 67% in hypertension, and in 35% and 65% in aortic insufficiency respectively. Two-peaked P wave was not observed and the incidence of the 4-peaked P waves of the spatial velocity ECG increased in the left ventricular overloadings..
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PMID:[Studies on the spatial velocity electrocardiogram in left ventricular overloadings]. 12 68

Presented here is the clinical and hemodynamic profile of 147 patients, above the age of 18 with tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiac catheterization and selective cineangiocardiography were performed in all. Infundibular pulmonary stenosis, a subaortic large infracristal ventricular septal defect, mitral-aortic fibrous continuity and equal pressures in both the ventricles and aorta were considered mandatory for the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiac enlargement was seen in 25.8 per cent of the patients, and 15.6 per cent were in congestive cardiac failure; 9.5 per cent had systemic hypertension, and aortic regurgitation was present in 6.7 per cent. A reticular pattern in the lung fields due to bronchial collaterals was seen in 23.1 per cent. The incidence of right aortic arch (19.9 per cent), absent left pulmonary artery (2.8 per cent), absent right pulmonary artery (0.7 per cent) and dextrocardia (1.4 per cent) is brought out. The right atrial mean pressure was increased in 4.8 per cent and a prominent "a" wave greater than 10 mm Hg was present in 10.9 per cent. The right ventricular end-diastolic pressure was increased in 23.8 per cent and the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in 25.9 per cent of the patients.
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PMID:Tetralogy of Fallot in adults. A report on 147 patients. 15 88

Septal and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) thicknesses and their ratios were studied at the left ventricular outflow tract and left ventricular cavity in 66 patients with echocardiographically diagnosed left ventricular concentric hypertrophy, 20 with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS), and 34 normal subjects. Concentric hypertrophy was due to hypertension in 41 subjects and to valvular disease in 15 subjects. Septal thickness in normal subjects was related to body surface area (p less than 0.02). In 12% of normal subjects, 39% of patients with concentric hypertrophy and 95% with IHSS, the septal/LVPW ratio was greater than or equal to 1.3. Thirty-two percent of patients with hypertension, 78% with aortic stenosis, and 60% with aortic insufficiency had septal/LVPW ratios greater than or equal to 1.3 at left ventricular midcavity level. In conclusion, a septal/LVPW thickness ratio of greater than or equal to 1.3 is common in patients with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy and may also occur in normal subjects. A ratio greater than or equal to 1.5 may be more specific for genetically determined asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
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PMID:Interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular hypertrophy. An echocardiographic study. 15 45

Three patients with aortitis syndrome ehibited paroxysmal hypertension which seemed to result from baroreceptor dysfunction. All of the patients had signs of active inflammation of aortitis syndrome and stenotic carotid and subclavian arteries. During the attacks, the blood pressure rose to at least 230 mm. Hg systolic and the heart rate exceeded 100. However, with prolonged administration of steroid hormones, the attacks ceased. In two patients with dilated thoracic aortas and aortic regurgitation, the attacks of paroxysmal hypertension occurred without apparent precipitating factors and were followed by anginal pain with marked ST depression. The sympathicotonic state resulting from the disturbance of the baroreceptors was considered to be responsible for the attacks. In another patient, the attacks occurred in the course of treatment with a steroid hormone and were provoked only by voluntary micturition. This post-micturition hypertension was presumed to be an expression of abnormal overshooting following a fall in blood pressure after voiding.
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PMID:Paroxysmal hypertension in aortitis syndrome. 24 Feb 66

A total of 25 cases (12 men, 13 women) of complete left bundle branch block (LBBB) were found among 1,400 consecutive autopsy in the aged. Their ages ranged from 70 to 86 years (average 78.9). ECG was analyzed as for the occurrence of LBBB and myocardial infarction (MI). Pathological examinations included observations of the conduction system by serial sections. They were divided into group A with MI and group B without MI. Duration of LBBB was 1 to 3 days in 4 cases, more than 1 month in 7, and more than 1 year in 14. From the temporal sequence of LBBB and MI in group A, cases were classified into (1) MI preceding LBBB in 5, (2) both coexistent in 5, and (3) LBBB preceding MI in 1. There were 8 cases of normal electrical axis, 17 left axis deviation, 7 first degree A-V block, and 2 atrial fibrillation. Various heart diseases were underlying in 21 cases, including hypertension, MI, mitral and aortic regurgitation, and primary myocardial disease, and there were 4 cases with no cardiac diseases. Cause of death was cardiac in 12; MI, congestive heart failure, and sudden death. Heart weight was 410 Gm on the average (240 to 550 Gm). MI was found in 11, with stenotic index of 12/15, while it was 9/15 in group B. Lesions of the conduction system were slight to moderate (1.5 to 2.4) except left bundle branch, which showed marked changes in posterior (4.9) and anterior (4.8) fascicles. Site of interruption of the left bundle branch was the junction between the branching portion of the A-V bundle and the left bundle branch (Junctional type) in 17, and peripheral portion of the left bundle branch about 10 mm or more below the junction in 8 (Peripheral type). In conclusion, 2/3 of cases of LBBB belonged to the junctional type and most of them were not related to MI, but to the lesions caused by mechanical injuries at the septal summit. One third of the cases were as peripheral type, which was mainly related to the various types of lesions including septal ischemia (necrosis and fibrosis).
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PMID:A clinicopathological study on 25 cases of complete left bundle branch block. 44 51

The diastolic characteristics of the left ventricle with special reference to the patterns of left ventricular filling and diastolic posterior wall movement were studied echocardiographically in 95 patients with various cardiac conditions including constrictive pericarditis, idiopathic cardiomyopathy (CCM, HCM), valvular aortic stenosis (AS), mitral stenosis (MS), hypertension (HT), aortic insufficiency (AI), mitral insufficiency (MI), and in 20 normal subjects. 1. Various types and severities of LV diastolic abnormalities were revealed by analyzing the patterns of posterior wall movement and LV filling in three diastolic phases--rapid filling period, slow filling period, and atrial filling period, respectively. 2. Disturbances of posterior wall distension and LV filling during the rapid filling period with a compensatory augmentation of atrial contribution to LV filling were observed in most patients. These patients also showed a markedly decreased posterior wall velocity and LV filling rate during rapid filling period. 3. E-F slope was significantly decrease in patients with MS, AS, and HCM. E-F slope correlated well with DPWV and RFR in most patients. In MS, however, DDR decreased to a disproportionate degree with a decrease in DPWV and RFR, probably due to the structural changes and decreased mobility of the mitral valve. From this study, we conclude that the patterns of the left ventricular filling and posterior wall movement during three phases of diastole obtained by echocardiography is useful in detecting left ventricular diastolic abnormalities.
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PMID:Echocardiographic study on diastolic posterior wall movement and left ventricular filling by disease category. 45 17

One hundred and seventy-one patients with dissecting aneurysm seen between 1951 and 1976 at three hospitals in Manchester were studied. There were 60 proximal dissections, 80 distal dissections, 10 abdominal dissections and in 21 the site of origin was uncertain. Pain was the major symptom in 88 per cent of patients; radiation of pain to the interscapular region was much more common in distal dissections. Systemic hypertension was present in 77 per cent, being commoner in distal dissections (83 per cent) than in proximal dissections (70 per cent). Aortic incompetence, hemiplegia and shock were all more common in proximal dissections. Post-mortem examination was performed in 125 patients. Eighty-four per cent of proximal dissections had ruptured, 74 per cent into the pericardium and five per cent into the left pleural cavity. Seventy per cent of distal dissections had ruptured, 11 per cent into the pericardium and 41 per cent into the left pleural cavity. The extent of the dissection was analysed, and it was shown that 25 per cent of distal dissections had extended proximally into the ascending aorta and arch. This implies that diagnosis of the site of origin of dissection from clinical signs and the plain chest-radiograph is inaccurate. Aortography is required for precise assessment. Since treatment often varies with the site of dissection, aortography should be performed in most patients surviving the first few hours. Attention is drawn to the frequency (10.4 per cent) of multiple aortic lesions, and to the occasional aetiological significance of giant-cell arteritis, and, possibly, hypothyroidism.
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PMID:Dissecting aortic aneurysms: a clinicopathological study. I. Clinical and gross pathological findings. 48 91

Nineteen planimetric indices of 110 cardiac healthy subjects, 141 patient with left ventricle loading and 136 patients with right ventricle loading are analyzed. On the base of the variation analysis and determination of statistically significant differences, it was established that in right-ventricular loading the following indices deviate from the norm: ASX, AQZ, AQRSX, AQRSz, SAQRSx, SAQRSy, SAQRSz, SAS, SAQRSg, whereas in left-ventricular loading -- ARx, ARz, AQRSx, AQRSz, SAQRx, SAQRSy, SAQRz, SAR, SAQRSg. At a second stage, the sensitivity of the separate indices from the groups with left ventricular and right-ventricular loading was amalyzed, as well as the separate subgroups (pulmonary stenosis, aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis, interauricular defect, arterial hypertension, mitral or aortic insufficiency. The results were compared with those of axial indices, obtained from another investigation of the authors. The planimetric analysis was established to be more complex than the axial and the index SAQRSg to be with the best sensitivity in the cases with hemodynamically lightly loaded musculature.
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PMID:[Planimetric analysis of ventricular depolarization on Frank's corrected orthogonal electrocardiogram in healthy hearts and in patients with ventricular loading]. 52 72


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