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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Characteristic features of alcoholism in women are discussed with special emphasis on the role of medical personnel in maternal health services in the anti-alcoholism campaign among women of child-bearing age. Anti-alcoholism propaganda should stress the danger of moderate or social drinking. During individual and group talks midwives and obstetricians should discuss frequent complications of alcoholism, such as hypertension, neurological disorders, liver and lung diseases and should stress the effect of alcoholic beverages on the menstrual, sexual, and child-bearing functions. Pregnant women should be told about the dangers of alcohol to the health of an unborn child. They should be convinced that alcohol can have a direct toxic effect on the embryo as well as delayed effect mediated via the placenta. Breast-feeding mothers should abstain from all types of alcoholic beverages, including beer. Newlyweds should receive instruction on the role of parents' health in child development and the effect of alcohol on the formation of both male and female gametes. Special attention should be given to the increased sensitivity of early embryo to toxic effects of alcohol.
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PMID:[Characteristics of antialcohol education of women at the age of fertility]. 359 1

Homelessness may be the leading social problem in the United States in the mid 1980s. While there may be anywhere from 250,000 to three million homeless persons, few empirically based published studies are available concerning the correlates of mental and physical health status among the homeless. Los Angeles, where the present study was conducted, has been designated by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to have one of the largest homeless populations (34,000-50,000) in the U.S. The current study is based on 269 in-depth interviews with homeless men and women in Los Angeles County, California. The homeless were found to be younger, better educated and disproportionately non-white compared to the profiles of the skidrow homeless of the past decades. Nearly half the men were veterans of military services, including 30% who were veterans of the Vietnam War. Respiratory infections and hypertension were the most prevalent health problems. The data suggest that a large segment of the homeless persons were depressed, 15.6% reported lifetime prevalence of hospitalization for emotional or nervous problems, and 12.6% reported hospitalization for substance abuse disorders. Multiple regression was utilized to test the validity of a perceived health status index as measured among the homeless and to identify the correlates of health. The health index reflect primarily an affliction by a chronic disease, the severity of an acute condition, the duration of depressed mood, and the alcoholism symptomatology. Length of unemployment, education, gender, and number of nights spent in a shelter were the best predictors of poor health in this population. Evidence from this study, as well as others, suggests that efforts should be made to avoid using the term homeless metaphorically. The causes of homelessness are multiple and complex and the resulting subgroups among the homeless population have different problems which require a variety of strategies to meet their needs.
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PMID:Perceived health status among the new urban homeless. 360 89

Family morbidity in chronic pain patients could indicate genetic vulnerability to depressive spectrum disorders or presence of pain behaviour models. Assessment of family morbidity is an area of chronic pain research which has been neglected. In the present study, the frequency and nature of the family psychiatric morbidity of 203 consecutive chronic pain patients has been assessed and compared with that of 140 non-pain psychiatric patients. 30% of chronic pain patients and 33.6% of non-pain psychiatric patients had family psychiatric morbidity. The commonest illness in families of pain patients were found to be alcoholism, psychosomatic disorders and chronic pain. Schizophrenia and affective disorders were reported significantly more often in families of non-pain patients. 53% of psychogenic pain disorder patients had a positive family morbidity. Alcoholism among male relatives, and chronic pain and hypertension more often among female relatives, was another significant observation. No significant difference was found between chronic pain patients with and without family morbidity with regard to socio-demographic variables and clinical diagnosis.
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PMID:Family morbidity in chronic pain patients. 367 Aug 67

A positive association was established between hypertension and alcoholism in a study of 6,491 black patients. The relative risk of high blood pressure associated with alcoholism was 1.20 and the odds ratio was 1.23 in this hospital-based, case-control study.
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PMID:Association of hypertension with chronic alcoholism in a black population. 371 78

Although it is universally accepted that the grade of reduction of district blood flow in PVD is directly correlated to alteration of the haemorheological pattern, there is still no uniformity of opinion regarding the existence of a specific rheological alteration in PVD. The scope of our study was to discover the existence of possible PVD-specific markers; we thus carried out a comparative evaluation of the rheological characteristics in blood of controls and patients affected with PVD. Eighty-nine males between the ages of 50 and 65 years (median 58 +/- 1 SE) were studied, all with a stage II vascular pathology with clinical onset of less than three months. Exclusion criteria were: diabetes mellitus, hyperlipaemia, stable hypertension, presence of vascular disease in other districts, cardio-circulatory problems and serious medical or surgical pathologies, previous vascular surgery, a history of acute thrombo-embolic episodes, and chronic alcoholism. Each patient, after a drug wash-out of 20 days, was monitored for haemorheological parameters. At the same time, the above parameters were measured in a group of 50 male controls of the same age range. All 139 subjects were smokers (10-15 cigarettes average per day). Our results indicate that modification in the bio-humoral (fibrinogen and plasma globulins) parameters, a reduced red blood cell filterability and a relative increase in the number of activated polymorphonucleate cells are probably specific haemorheological markers of the clinical onset of PVD.
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PMID:Haemorheological markers in 89 patients with stage II peripheral vascular disease (PVD). 372 72

Prevalence of medical disorders was determined for 10,758 consecutive admissions for inpatient alcoholism treatment to 13 hospitals located in eight states of the United States. The majority of patients (approximately 70% of the men and 73% of the women) had a significant medical problem other than alcoholism. The most prevalent disorders were diseases of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas; bronchitis; emphysema; and asthma. Hypertensive disease was found in 15% of the men and 7% of the women. Psychiatric disorders associated with alcoholism were neuroses, personality disorders and other nonpsychotic states. Less than 10% of all patients were referred by physicians; more than 90% had not been previously diagnosed or treated for medical or psychiatric disorders associated with alcoholism. The high prevalence of medical disorders indicates that inpatient treatment of alcoholism should be undertaken in facilities that have expertise and resources for concurrent treatment of serious medical illness.
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PMID:Alcoholism and prevalence of medical and psychiatric disorders. 376 58

We reviewed crystal-proved gouty arthritis in 23 women. Twenty-one (91%) developed gout after menopause onset. Tophaceous gout occurred in six (26%), polyarticular involvement in 13 (57%); 70% manifested an underlying arthropathy, usually osteoarthritis. We studied 75 men with crystal-proved gout for comparison. Women developed gout significantly later compared with men, more often were receiving diuretics before gout onset, and more frequently manifested renal insufficiency and monoarticular involvement. These differences were significant when controlled for the women's later age at onset. Significantly more men than women had alcoholism and an identifiable precipitating event for acute attacks. There were no significant differences in race, age, family history of gout, disease duration, hypertension, distribution of joint involvement, tophi, or mean serum urate concentration. Gout in women is overwhelmingly postmenopausal, apparently associated with diuretic therapy and renal insufficiency independent of the effects of age. Articular characteristics in men and women are remarkably similar.
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PMID:The clinical spectrum of gouty arthritis in women. 377 53

In a case-control study of 73 cases of cerebral hematoma diagnosed by CT scan, significant risk factors were history of hypertension, chronic alcoholism, evidence of hepatic disease, EKG abnormalities and high hematocrit values. Initial blood pressure was significantly higher in cases, but blood pressure on the third day after admission was not different from controls. Hypertension and alcoholism did not show a clear correlation, but data from other studies explain the role of alcoholism in vascular disease through a relation with high blood pressure. Risk factors were similar in lobar and basal ganglia hematomas.
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PMID:Risk factors for spontaneous cerebral hematomas. Case-control study. 381 Jul 10

Peripartum heart disease is reviewed in the light of reports in the literature and personal experience from the University College Hospital, Ibadan. It is concluded that it is worldwide in distribution but appears most commonly in multiparous black women with a low socioeconomic background. The clinical features are the same as those of dilated cardiomyopathy, with the exception of cases from Zaria, northern Nigeria, where heart failure may be induced by high salt and fluid intake. The possible causes of peripartum heart disease are reviewed. Glomerulonephritis, toxemia of pregnancy, and malnutrition have not been shown convincingly to be causal, and infection, hypertension, and alcoholism have been suggested. Hypertensive heart failure and toxemia of pregnancy can induce peripartum heart disease. It is concluded that the myocardial disorder in peripartum heart disease is probably the same condition as dilated cardiomyopathy, and that infection may be an important element. However, diverse other factors may also play a part.
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PMID:Peripartum heart disease. 384 85

Data from the Swedish personal number system were used to examine rates of admissions to hospital, particularly with myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension, in relation to marital state and histories of admission with alcoholism in 77843 men from Gothenburg born in 1911-40. The number of admissions to hospital with the four diseases varied with marital state and history of admission with alcoholism, but by considering each subset from the total group it was possible to show that among alcoholic men no material variation in the number of admissions was evident. By contrast, among the non-alcoholic men those who were married were particularly prone to myocardial infarction but less likely to be admitted with stroke or diabetes mellitus than the unmarried or divorced men. The data show the value of common personal and health statistical numbering systems in generating epidemiological information beyond that obtainable from aggregated data without a record linkage technique.
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PMID:Marital state, alcohol consumption, and liability to myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension in men from Gothenburg. 393 37


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