Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors describe the case of a 50-year old patient with a hypertension, who was sterile and obese. She presented with the clinical diagnosis of "malignant corporal polyp". On microscopical examination we found an endometroid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with focal squamous differentiation associated with bilateral stromal hyperthecosis of the ovaries. Stromal hyperthecosis of the ovaries is often associated with oestrogen and androgen hypersecretion (virilismus), obesity and hypertension. Owing to these well known features we assume that the endometroid adenocarcinoma of the uterus was caused by ovarian hyperthecosis.
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PMID:[Ovarian stromal hyperthecosis and concurrent endometrial carcinoma of the uterus]. 1095 79

A 91-year-old man was admitted with colliquative diarrhea, anorexia and weight loss. He had a history of healed tuberculosis, hypertension and atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysms. On admission, shortness of breath without cough, exertional dyspnea, and ascites were also noticed. His chest X-ray and CT showed almost normal findings in the lung fields except for calcified old pleurisy. Since laboratory tests revealed thrombocytopenia, low fibrinogen, and increased CA19-9. DIC induced by an unknown cancer was diagnosed. He died on the eighth day due to progressive respiratory failure which did not respond to oxygen therapy. Autopsy revealed that he had a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in the cecum complicated with pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Lymphangitis should be considered in the case of unexplained progressive respiratory failure developing in patient with cancer, even in the absence of X-ray findings.
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PMID:[A very elderly autopsy case of cecal cancer with pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa]. 1103 30

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and/or corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) are associated with a growing list of tumors. We report a 69-year-old white man with a history of high-grade prostate carcinoma and widely metastatic adenocarcinoma who presented with metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, and hypertension secondary to ectopic ACTH and CRH secretion. Laboratory values were consistent with hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Markedly elevated serum cortisol (135 microg/dL), ACTH (1,387 pg/dL), CRH (69 pg/dL), and urine free cortisol (16,276 microg/24 h) levels were found. Chest computed tomographic (CT) scan showed small noncalcified parenchymal densities; however, bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage washings were unremarkable for a neoplastic process. Abdominal CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple small liver lesions and multiple thoracic and lumbar intensities consistent with diffuse metastatic disease. Histological analysis of a biopsy specimen from the thoracic spine showed an undifferentiated adenocarcinoma consistent with a prostate primary tumor. The severe metabolic alkalosis secondary to glucocorticoid-induced excessive mineralocorticoid activity was treated with potassium supplements, spironolactone, and ketoconazole. In this case report, we describe an unusual tumor associated with ectopic ACTH and CRH production and the pharmacodynamic relationship of plasma cortisol levels and urinary cortisol excretion with ketoconazole treatment.
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PMID:Hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypertension: Cushing's syndrome in a patient with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. 1127 85

A 53-year-old man presented with recurrence of a neurenteric cyst with malignant transformation in the foramen magnum 3.5 years after total resection of the original tumor had been reported. For 2 years following the initial surgery, the patient had been in good condition, but then underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for intracranial hypertension. At the time there was no evidence of recurrence of the tumor on magnetic resonance (MR) images. One and one-half years later, he presented with headache and anorexia. A massive recurrent tumor was identified on MR images. The tumor was severely adhesive to the brainstem, cranial nerves, and vessels, allowing only partial resection. Histological examination of tumor specimens obtained during the first and second craniotomies indicated a malignant change from a typical neurenteric cyst with a one-layer epithelium in the first specimen to an adenocarcinoma with papillary proliferation in the second. The results of various immunohistochemical studies of the first specimen were typical of those of a neurenteric cyst. The second specimen displayed stronger staining of carbohydrate 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigens than the initial specimen. The percentage of Ki-67 antigen (MIB-1)-positive cells increased from 0% in the first specimen to 6.7% in the second. To the authors' knowledge this is the first case in which malignant transformation has been demonstrated after total resection of a neurenteric cyst in the foramen magnum.
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PMID:Recurrence of a neurenteric cyst with malignant transformation in the foramen magnum after total resection. Case report. 1178 Sep 8

This retrospective study compares the results of pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) and pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) in our institution, which has extensive experience in both techniques. Between the years of June 1995 and June 2001, 214 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) at our institution. Of these 177 had PG and 97 had pancreatojejunostomy (PJ). There were 117 (54.6%) males and 97 (45.3%) females with a mean age of 64.2 +/- 12.4 years. Indications for surgery were pancreatic adenocarcinoma in 101 (47.2%), ampullary adenocarcinoma in 36 (16.9%), distal bile duct adenocarcinoma in 22 (10.2%), duodenal adenocarcinoma in 9 (4.2%), and miscellaneous causes in 46 (21.4%) of patients. Preoperatively, significant differences in the groups were that the patients undergoing PJ were significantly younger than those undergoing PG. Also noted preoperatively, was that the patients undergoing PG had a significantly lower direct bilirubin than those undergoing PJ. With regard to intraoperative parameters, operative time was significantly shorter in the PJ group when compared to the PG group. When the patients who did not develop fistula (N = 186) were compared to those who developed fistula (N = 28) the significant differences were that the patients who developed fistula were more likely to have hypertension preoperatively and a higher alkaline phosphatase. They also showed a significantly higher drain amylase and were likely to have surgery for ampullary, distal bile duct or duodenal carcinoma rather than pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In addition, those patients who developed fistula had a significantly longer postoperative stay, a larger number of intraabdominal abscesses and leaks at the biliary anastomosis. Thirty-day mortality was significantly higher in the PJ group compared to the PG (4 vs. 0, P = 0.041). There was a significantly larger number of bile leaks in the PJ group when compared to the PG (6 vs. 1, P = 0.048). In addition, the PJ group required a significantly larger number of new CT guided drains to control infection (8 vs. 2, P = 0.046) and the PJ group required a larger number of re-explorations to control infection or bleeding (5 vs. 0, P = 0.018). However, the pancreatic fistula rate was not different between the two groups (12% [PG] vs. 14% [PJ]). This retrospective analysis shows that safety of PG can be performed safely and is associated with less complications than PJ and proposes PG as a suitable and safe alternative to PJ for the management of the pancreatic remnant following PD.
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PMID:A comparison of pancreaticogastrostomy and pancreaticojejunostomy following pancreaticoduodenectomy. 1285 Jun 81

In this study, 24 patients aged 70 and over who were operated for primary bronchogenic carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively and their results were compared with those of 90 patients under 70, whom operated for the same intent. The mean age and age range of the group were 74.6 +/- 3.3 and 70-86, respectively, and it consisted of 21 male and three female patients. The histology of the tumor revealed epidermoid carcinoma in 16 (67%) patients, adenocarcinoma in 6 (25%), and large cell carcinoma in 2 (8%). Twelve of the elderly patients had associated diseases (six had coronary artery disease and/or hypertension, four had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and two had diabetes) that increased the operative risk. The resection type used most frequently was lobectomy (67%), followed by limited resection (25%). In postoperative staging, nine patients were found to have stage I disease, nine stage II disease, four stage IIIA disease and two stage IIIB disease. Three (13%) patients developed major complications, and postoperative mortality rate within 30 days was 4% with one patient. In the patients aged under 70, the last two variables were noted in 10 (%11) cases and in 1 (%1) case respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. As a result, with appropriate patient selection and vigorous postoperative care, morbidity and mortality of the pulmonary resections in elderly is not higher than in young patients, and a curative resection should be preferred.
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PMID:[Results of surgical treatment for lung cancer in advanced age]. 1514 2

A nodular shadow near left hilum of lung was detected by chest radiography in November 1993 in a 79-year-old woman with hypertension and diabetes. Chest radiography in April 2001 revealed growth of the shadow. Chest CT showed a localized ground-glass opacity in the periphery of the lesion shadow. The resected specimen showed that the nodular shadow was papillary adenocarcinoma and the localized ground-glass opacity indicated the presence of inflammatory lesions. The pathological stage was stage I. Our case was a rare adenocarcinoma complicated with inflammatory changes including a granuloma that appeared 8 years later.
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PMID:[A case of stage I adenocarcinoma of the lung complicated with inflammatory lesions with an 8-year clinical course before surgery; CT and pathological correlations]. 1522 46

Myxoid changes rarely occur in adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas. Only eight benign tumours with such features have been described thus far, five of which also had a prominent pseudoglandular component. We report an additional pseudoglandular myxoid adenoma of the adrenal gland detected in a 58-year-old male patient who developed mild hypertension. At surgery, a 4-cm mass was resected and found to contain cords and tubules of polygonal cells in a myxoid background. Limited areas of classical adrenocortical adenoma were detected in less than 20% of the tumour area. Lack of atypias and absence of mucin markers, together with an immunophenotype consistent with adrenal tumours (focal cytokeratin, vimentin, synaptophysin and alpha-inhibin immunoreactivities), led to a diagnosis of primary adrenocortical adenoma with an extensive pseudoglandular myxoid pattern. However, the differential diagnosis from metastatic well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, chordomas and retroperitoneal myxoid mesenchymal tumours (e.g. liposarcoma) may be difficult in the absence of a complete clinical history and a reliable immunoprofile. We strongly recommend staining of any myxoid or glandular tumour of the adrenal gland for alpha-inhibin and synaptophysin (probably the currently best characterised markers of adrenocortical origin) before considering alternative (probably more common) diagnoses of metastatic adenocarcinoma or retroperitoneal tumours localised to the adrenal gland.
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PMID:Myxoid adrenocortical adenoma with a pseudoglandular pattern. 1523 11

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major health problem. Mortality in untreated PE is high, but with adequate (anticoagulant) treatment, can be reduced. Multiple primary and secondary risk factors are responsible for PE. But there is rare association of mixed adrenal tumor with PE. Here, we report a case of adrenocortical adenoma with Cushing's syndrome coexistent with pheochromocytoma with recurrent PE in an elderly patient with prostate adenocarcinoma. A 78-year-old Taiwanese retired veteran was admitted in July, 2002 with the presentation of syncope. Three years before, he was diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma and had received Androcur therapy since then. Five months later, he was admitted with Cushingoid appearance and hypertension. Abdominal imaging studies revealed a left adrenal tumor. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy revealed an adrenocortical adenoma. Two years later, a recurrent left adrenal tumor was found. Repeated laparoscopic adrenalectomy revealed pheochromocytoma. One month after the repeat laparoscopic surgery, the patient was admitted due to syncope. Chest X-ray revealed cardiomegaly with pulmonary venous congestion. Echocardiogram showed impaired right ventricle global systolic function. Perfusion lung scan showed a high probability of PE. Heparin and coumadin were given but stopped 5 weeks later due to the development of severe skin ecchymosis. In December 2002, the patient was admitted again with consciousness disturbance. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral PE, and he died 5 hours later due to cardiogenic shock. In conclusion, in elderly patients with Cushing's syndrome with pheochromocytoma and prostate carcinoma, there is probability of pulmonary embolism.
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PMID:Recurrent pulmonary embolism in an elderly patient with Cushing's syndrome, adrenocortical adenoma, pheochromocytoma and prostate adenocarcinoma. 1551 Sep 34

In patients with cancer, adrenal enlargement due to either metastatic disease or diffuse non-metastatic hyperplasia is increasingly recognized with modern imaging techniques. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, characterized by non-suppressible hypercortisolism, has also been described in neoplasia in the absence of ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) production. In the majority of cases of malignancy-associated hypercortisolism, it might be expected that the presence of malignant disease would be clinically apparent, thus rendering a detailed endocrinological evaluation of the HPA axis unnecessary. However, in the present case we describe a patient with occult malignancy presenting with bilateral adrenocortical enlargement and non-suppressible hypercortisolism that was not due to the ectopic ACTH syndrome. There were no clinical Cushingoid features other than hypertension and new-onset diabetes mellitus. Detailed diagnostic investigations for the possibility of Cushing's syndrome were performed before the underlying diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma eventually became apparent. Characteristics and potential mechanisms of non-suppressible hypercortisolism in cancer are discussed. We believe that this scenario will occur with greater frequency in the future, given the increasing early use of sophisticated high-resolution imaging for the evaluation of suspected intra-abdominal pathology.
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PMID:Bilateral adrenal enlargement and non-suppressible hypercortisolism as a presenting feature of gastric cancer. 1558 43


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