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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diurnal variation of urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and metanephrine-normetanephrine levels was studied in six patients with phechromocytoma and 32 patients with essential hypertension. Despite variable degrees of day-night differences, urinary excretion of VMA and metanephrines, per unit of time or per gram of urinary creatinine, was invariably higher in patients with pheochromocytoma than in controls whether the collection was 7 AM through 7 PM or 7 PM through 7 AM. Thus, shorter study periods are sufficient to exclude the presence of a chromaffinoma in most patients with hypertension.
JAMA 1975 Feb 10
PMID:The diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Overnight excretion of catecholamine metabolites. 117 46

Oral contraceptive use alone, in the absence of smoking, hypertension, or migraine, significantly increases the risk of stroke. Regardless of use or nonuse of these agents, hypertension is a risk factor for development of either thrombotic or hemorrhagic stroke. Regular cigarette smoking and a history of symptoms indicative of migraine also increase the likelihood of one or the other type of stroke, but more information is needed before a definite relationship can be established between these clinical factors and cerebrovascular disease.
JAMA 1975 Feb 17
PMID:Oral contraceptives and stroke in young women. Associated risk factors. 117 61

We evaluated past medical records and conducted a hypertension screening program in the outpatient clinic of a university hospital, a community hospital, and a city hospital, with the aid of specially trained high school students under the direction of a cardiovascular nurse. Fifty-one percent of the adult black outpatients had elevations of arterial blood pressure; one half of these patients were aware of a history of hypertension. Analysis of the clinic records showed that many patients who had made multiple visits to the clinic had never had a blood pressure recorded in their charts. If progress is to be made in the detection of hypertension, blood pressures must be routinely determined. This should be incorporated into all clinic routines, particularly in clinics staffed by physicians-in-training.
JAMA 1975 Mar 24
PMID:Detection of hypertension. Blood pressure determination in outpatient clinics of medical school-affiliated training programs. 117 53

The distribution of occlusive atherosclerotic lesions in the aortocranial circulation as determined by arteriography was correlated with results of plasma lipid and lipoprotein determinations of patients with symptoms and signs of cerebrovascular disease. The incidence of hyperlipoproteinemia in the total study population was 31.8%. The frequency of hyperlipoproteinemia was signigicantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic lesions limited to extracranial (51%) and intracranial major vessels (44.2%) when compared to the total number of patients and patients with only intracranial small-vessel disease (P less than .05). Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia was the most common abnormality (extracranial group, 42% type IV, 9% type II; intracranial major-vessel group, 35.8% type IV, 8.4% type II). Patients with intracranial small-vessel disease had the lowest frequency of hyperlipoproteinemia (14.2%). The frequency of hypertension with or without hyperlipoproteinemia was higher in patients with intracranial small-vessel disease (P less than .01).
JAMA 1975 Apr 21
PMID:Hyperlipoproteinemia in occlusive cerebrovascular disease. 117 17

Clonidine hydrochloride is a new antihypertensive agent with a primary site of action in the central nervous system. When administered with a diuretic, it is effective for long-term therapy and may be particularly useful in patients with moderately severe hypertension. Clonidine is comparable to methyldopa in efficacy but may cause side-effects more frequently. The only potentially serious adverse reaction that has been reported is a rebound increase in blood pressure that may occur following rapid withdrawal.
JAMA 1975 Jul 14
PMID:Evaluation of clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres). A new antihypertensive agent. 117 48

A radomized controlled trial was conducted in a metropolitan teaching hospital to determine whether improving follow-up of emergency room patients who had hypertension led to improvements in their medical care and blood pressure control. One hundred fourty four patients were randomly assigned into an intervention group and a control group. In the former, a follow-up clerk assigned patients in returning for follow-up care. Eighty-four percent of patients in this group and 63% of control patients returned to the clinic (P less than 0.1). However, five months after the patients' emergency room visits, 51% of patients in the intervention group and 53% of control patients were normotensive. There were more diagnostic and therapeutic measures in the intervention group, but long-term management was similar in both groups. Improvement in follow-up may not be by itself lead to blood pressure control among hypertensive patients.
JAMA 1975 Jul 21
PMID:Management of hypertension. Effect of improving patient compliance for follow-up care. 117 30

Previous studies have shown that care for hypertension in clinical practice is not optimal. This study consists of a review of medical records of 101 hypertensive patients enrolled in a community prepaid health care project, in which all direct costs to patients are eliminated and in which patients are known to have geographical access to care. The results show that even under such conditions, there are deficiencies in what is done in the diagnosis and management of hypertension (process of care). Furthermore, recorded blood pressures in the medical records indicate that 34% of identified patients had diastolic pressures greater than 95 mm Hg at the time of last visit for hypertension.
JAMA 1975 Jul 21
PMID:Hypertension. Management in a prepaid health care project. 117 31

Seventeen patients who were partially or totally refractory to maximal doses of conventional antihypertensive agents were treated with minoxidil. Three patients were receiving long-term maintenance dialysis. Propranolol and diuretics were given to prevent reflex tachycardia and fluid retention. Initial control of blood pressure was excellent in 16 patient. In one patient, diastolic blood pressure remained unchanged (120 mm Hg) despite 60 mg of minoxidil and volume depletion. In three other patients, secondary resistance developed, and the addition of guanethidine was necessary. The main side-effects were fluid retention (in eight) and hypertrichosis (in ten), accompanied in some by a peculiar coarsening of the facial features. Renal function stabilized or improved in most, and urine output increased in the three hemodialysis patients. We conclude that minoxidil is a valuable drug in severe hypertension.
JAMA 1975 Jul 21
PMID:Severe hypertension. Treatment with minoxidil. 117 32

The introduction of dinoprost tromethamine (Prostin F2 Alpha) as an abortifacient in the second trimester of pregnancy represents the first clinical use of a prostaglandin. Various synthetic analogues of the naturally occurring derivatives are being employed investigationally in the treatment of peptic ulcer, hypertension, asthma, and hypercalcemia. In the United States, dinoprost tromethamine is primarily administered intra-amniotically. Despite the fact that a substantial number of patients experience allergic reactions, hypertension, bronchospasm, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea, the efficacy and relative safety of dinoprost tromethamine establish it as superior to intra-amniotic instillation of hypertonic saline. Cervical laceration, laceration or rupture of the lower uterine segment, retention of the placenta, and hemorrhage in part reflect the intensity of uterine contraction induced by dinoprost. Experience in administration improves the therapeutic response and diminishes adverse reactions.
JAMA 1975 Aug 25
PMID:The prostaglandins. 117 7

Hypertension was not renin-dependent in the majority of 62 hypertensive patients with seemingly unilateral renal parenchymal disease, as indicated by plasma renin activity: low in 14 (23%), normal in 40 (56%), and high in only 8 (13%). By a weighted scoring system for analysis of differential renal-vein and peripheral renin levels, 70% (16 of 23) of these patients did not give scores predictive of cure by nephrectomy. Thus, occult bilateral disease reflected by attendant volume expansion and consequent reactive renin suppression may explain the well-known disappointing cure rate after uninephrectomy in this group. Since unilateral hypersecretion of renin with a completely normal contralateral kidney is rare in this group, abnormal renal-vein and peripheral renin values should be a prerequisite for advising nephrectomy, especially when the suspected kidney shows considerable excretory function.
JAMA 1975 Sep 15
PMID:Hypertension and unilateral parenchymal renal disease. Evidence for abnormal vasoconstriction-volume interaction. 117 72


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