Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To understand latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults (LADA), we compared the clinical characteristics, fasting plasma glucose and C-peptide level, genetic frequency of HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 chain in 25 patients with LADA, 57 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, 21 patients with children-onset IDDM, 36 patients with adult-onset IDDM with ketosis), 38 patients with NIDDM (mild and moderate 30 patients and severe 8) and 42 normal persons. The onset of age was 20-48 years old associated with obvious polyphagia, and weight loss. Body mass index (BMI) was < or = 25 and fasting plasma glucose was > or = 16.5 mmol/L (297 mg/dl). Fasting and 1, 2 hour post prandial C-peptide level showed low and flatter curve (0.4, 0.8 and 0.8 nmol/L respectively). Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) antibody was positive. HLA-DQ beta chain substitution of aspartate molecule was at position 57 (susceptic gene). LADA could be diagnosed if a patient has the first point and any point of the second to the fourth point. Patients with LADA should take diet, exercises, especially insulin as early as possible in order to control fasting and post prandial plasma glucose, and prevent from further destroy of residue islet B cells and reduce diabetic complications of eye, kidney and nerve.
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PMID:[Clinical characteristics and main diagnostic points of latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults]. 1037 7

We have evaluated the suitability of different rat models for the study of effects of antihypertensives on cardiovascular and metabolic complications of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. IDDM was induced in Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats by single tail vein injection of STZ (45 mg/kg, i.v.). Neonatal STZ-diabetes (nSTZ) was induced by administering STZ, 70 mg/kg (i.p.) to 5 day old Wistar rat pups. DOCA-hypertension was induced in Wistar and STZ-diabetic rats using deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA, 5 mg/kg, s.c.) and NaCl (2%) in drinking water. Intravenous injection of STZ produced cardinal signs of diabetes mellitus including hyperglycemia, loss of body weight, polyphagia and polydipsia. STZ-diabetic rats also showed hyperlipidemia and hypoinsulinemia. STZ-treated rats developed hypertension and bradycardia. nSTZ rats were found to have mild hyperglycemia and were hypertensive and hyperinsulinemic. The OGTT and ITT revealed that nSTZ rats are insulin resistant. SH rats were also found to be hyperinsulinemic and hypertensive. Although, these rats were found to be insulin resistant, they did not demonstrate hyperglycemia. DOCA-treated STZ-diabetic rats were found to have milder hyperglycemia when compared to STZ-diabetic rats not treated with DOCA. Although, DOCA treatment was not found to alter serum levels of glucose and insulin, results of OGTT revealed enhanced glucose disposal in DOCA-treated Wistar rats, suggesting that DOCA probably produces some effect on glucose homeostasis in rats. The present data also suggest that STZ-diabetic rat may be considered a suitable model for IDDM. On the other hand, nSTZ and SH rats were hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant and may be used as models to study insulin sensitivity. DOCA-hypertensive rat may not be a suitable model for studying the effects of various drug interventions on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity as DOCA itself appears to influence these factors.
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PMID:Comparative evaluation of different rat models with co-existing diabetes-mellitus and hypertension. 1084 25