Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020505 (hyperphagia)
 6,116 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the pharmacological inhibition of secretions of the gastrointestinal tract for the prevention and management of pancreatic and duodenal fistulas. Nasogastric aspiration to remove gastric secretions and decrease motility and an anticholinergic drug, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and intravenous hyperalimentation to inhibit secretions were used to prevent pancreatic fistulas. Patients with established duodenal and/or pancreatic fistulas received local treatment consisting of lavage of the fistulous tract and skin protection in addition to the parenteral therapy. Three cases of successful prevention of pancreatic fistulas and three cases of managemtnt of duodenal fistulas are presented.
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PMID:Pharmacological inhibition of digestive secretions in the management of pancreaticoduodenal fistulas. 81 91

Olanzapine (OLZ), one of the second-generation atypical antipsychotics (SGAs), has shown relative advantages in patient adherence and outcomes. However, OLZ has also been associated with a higher incidence of weight gain than most other SGAs. Excessive weight gain may in turn contribute to long-term health concerns for some individuals. Zonisamide (ZNS), a medication approved in the United States as an adjunct in the management of epilepsy, has a diverse pharmacological profile, including sodium channel blockade, monoamine enhancement, and inhibition of carbonic anhydrase. ZNS has also been reported to cause weight loss in both humans and rodents. We hypothesized that this profile might be beneficial when co-administered with OLZ. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the effects of OLZ on body weight, as well as the pathways known to regulate feeding behavior and arousal in the Sprague-Dawley rat. As indicated via c-Fos expression, we found an OLZ-induced activation in the nucleus accumbens and orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. An OLZ-associated development of hyperphagia, weight gain and elevated blood glucose in the rat was also found. These outcomes were attenuated and reversed in the presence of concomitant ZNS. These results suggest the hypothesis that ZNS may effectively treat or prevent weight gain or metabolic changes associated with the SGAs. Future studies of this combination in patients through appropriately designed human clinical studies are encouraged.
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PMID:Zonisamide prevents olanzapine-associated hyperphagia, weight gain, and elevated blood glucose in rats. 1832 67